See 구르다 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "그울다〮",
"3": "kùwùl-tá"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 그울다〮 (Yale: kùwùl-tá).",
"name": "ko-etym-native"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ws",
"2": "구울다〮",
"3": "kwùwùl-tá",
"also": "y"
},
"expansion": "Also attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 구울다〮 (Yale: kwùwùl-tá).",
"name": "ko-etym-native"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<*kùpùl(úl)->"
},
"expansion": "<*kùpùl(úl)->",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<*kwùpùl(úl)->"
},
"expansion": "<*kwùpùl(úl)->",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Vovin 2010, p. 157"
},
"expansion": "Vovin 2010, p. 157",
"name": "ko-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/-p-/"
},
"expansion": "/-p-/",
"name": "IPAfont"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 그울다〮 (Yale: kùwùl-tá). Also attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 구울다〮 (Yale: kwùwùl-tá).\nUltimately from pre-Middle Korean <*kùpùl(úl)-> or <*kwùpùl(úl)-> (Vovin 2010, p. 157), which seems to be a compound, though likely no longer analyzable. Conservative dialects in southeastern Korea still preserve the /-p-/ in this word. Perhaps related to the ideophone 구불구불 (gubulgubul, “meanderingly”), and perhaps also to 굽다 (gupda, “to be curved”), in the sense that curved things (e.g. wheels) roll.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gureuda",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "구르니",
"tags": [
"sequential"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vowel-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "구른다",
"roman": "gureunda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"roman": "gulleo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러요",
"roman": "gulleoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구릅니다",
"roman": "gureumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀다",
"roman": "gulleotda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀어",
"roman": "gulleosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀어요",
"roman": "gulleosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀습니다",
"roman": "gulleotseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르느냐",
"roman": "gureuneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"roman": "gulleo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러요",
"roman": "gulleoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구릅니까",
"roman": "gureumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀느냐",
"roman": "gulleonneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀어",
"roman": "gulleosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀어요",
"roman": "gulleosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀습니까",
"roman": "gulleotseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르자",
"roman": "gureuja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"roman": "gulleo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러요",
"roman": "gulleoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르십시다",
"roman": "gureusipsida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러라",
"roman": "gulleora",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"roman": "gulleo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러요",
"roman": "gulleoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구릅시오",
"roman": "gureupsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르겠다",
"roman": "gureugetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르겠어",
"roman": "gureugesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르겠어요",
"roman": "gureugesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르겠습니다",
"roman": "gureugetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"roman": "gulleo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러서",
"roman": "gulleoseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르니",
"roman": "gureuni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르니까",
"roman": "gureunikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르지만",
"roman": "gureujiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르는데",
"roman": "gureuneunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르더니",
"roman": "gureudeoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르고",
"roman": "gureugo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르면",
"roman": "gureumyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러야",
"roman": "gulleoya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르려고",
"roman": "gureuryeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "구름",
"roman": "gureum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "구르기",
"roman": "gureugi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀음",
"roman": "gulleosseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀기",
"roman": "gulleotgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구른",
"roman": "gureun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르는",
"roman": "gureuneun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "구를",
"roman": "gureul",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vowel-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "구르신다",
"roman": "gureusinda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔",
"roman": "gureusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르세요",
"roman": "gureuseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔요",
"roman": "gureusyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르십니다",
"roman": "gureusimnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨다",
"roman": "gureusyeotda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨어",
"roman": "gureusyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨어요",
"roman": "gureusyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨습니다",
"roman": "gureusyeotseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시느냐",
"roman": "gureusineunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔",
"roman": "gureusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르세요",
"roman": "gureuseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔요",
"roman": "gureusyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르십니까",
"roman": "gureusimnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨느냐",
"roman": "gureusyeonneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨어",
"roman": "gureusyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨어요",
"roman": "gureusyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨습니까",
"roman": "gureusyeotseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"interrogative"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시라",
"roman": "gureusira",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔",
"roman": "gureusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르세요",
"roman": "gureuseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르십시오",
"roman": "gureusipsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시겠다",
"roman": "gureusigetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시겠어",
"roman": "gureusigesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시겠어요",
"roman": "gureusigesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시겠습니다",
"roman": "gureusigetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔",
"roman": "gureusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔서",
"roman": "gureusyeoseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시니",
"roman": "gureusini",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시니까",
"roman": "gureusinikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시지만",
"roman": "gureusijiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시는데",
"roman": "gureusineunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시더니",
"roman": "gureusideoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시고",
"roman": "gureusigo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시면",
"roman": "gureusimyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔야",
"roman": "gureusyeoya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시려고",
"roman": "gureusiryeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "구르심",
"roman": "gureusim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시기",
"roman": "gureusigi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨음",
"roman": "gureusyeosseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨기",
"roman": "gureusyeotgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르신",
"roman": "gureusin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시는",
"roman": "gureusineun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "구르실",
"roman": "gureusil",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "굴다",
"roman": "gulda",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "구르다",
"2": "굴리다"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ko-verb-set"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "구르다 • (gureuda) (infinitive 굴러, sequential 구르니)",
"name": "ko-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "88 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "64 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "61 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Native Korean words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "62 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "78 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "gulleogada",
"word": "굴러가다"
},
{
"roman": "gulleodanida",
"word": "굴러다니다"
},
{
"roman": "gulleodeulda",
"word": "굴러들다"
},
{
"roman": "dwigureuda",
"word": "뒤구르다"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to roll, to roll over"
],
"id": "en-구르다-ko-verb-dJPJlXZE",
"links": [
[
"roll",
"roll"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive or intransitive) to roll, to roll over"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kuɾɯda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "구르다"
},
{
"other": "[구르다]"
}
],
"word": "구르다"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "구르〮다〮",
"3": "kwùlú-tá"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 구르〮다〮 (Yale: kwùlú-tá).",
"name": "ko-etym-native"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 구르〮다〮 (Yale: kwùlú-tá).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gureuda",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "구르니",
"tags": [
"sequential"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vowel-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "구른다",
"roman": "gureunda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"roman": "gulleo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러요",
"roman": "gulleoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구릅니다",
"roman": "gureumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀다",
"roman": "gulleotda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀어",
"roman": "gulleosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀어요",
"roman": "gulleosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀습니다",
"roman": "gulleotseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르느냐",
"roman": "gureuneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"roman": "gulleo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러요",
"roman": "gulleoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구릅니까",
"roman": "gureumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀느냐",
"roman": "gulleonneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀어",
"roman": "gulleosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀어요",
"roman": "gulleosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀습니까",
"roman": "gulleotseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르자",
"roman": "gureuja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"roman": "gulleo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러요",
"roman": "gulleoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르십시다",
"roman": "gureusipsida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러라",
"roman": "gulleora",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"roman": "gulleo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러요",
"roman": "gulleoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구릅시오",
"roman": "gureupsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르겠다",
"roman": "gureugetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르겠어",
"roman": "gureugesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르겠어요",
"roman": "gureugesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르겠습니다",
"roman": "gureugetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"roman": "gulleo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러서",
"roman": "gulleoseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르니",
"roman": "gureuni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르니까",
"roman": "gureunikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르지만",
"roman": "gureujiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르는데",
"roman": "gureuneunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르더니",
"roman": "gureudeoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르고",
"roman": "gureugo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르면",
"roman": "gureumyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러야",
"roman": "gulleoya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르려고",
"roman": "gureuryeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "구름",
"roman": "gureum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "구르기",
"roman": "gureugi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀음",
"roman": "gulleosseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀기",
"roman": "gulleotgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구른",
"roman": "gureun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르는",
"roman": "gureuneun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "구를",
"roman": "gureul",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vowel-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "구르신다",
"roman": "gureusinda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔",
"roman": "gureusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르세요",
"roman": "gureuseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔요",
"roman": "gureusyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르십니다",
"roman": "gureusimnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨다",
"roman": "gureusyeotda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨어",
"roman": "gureusyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨어요",
"roman": "gureusyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨습니다",
"roman": "gureusyeotseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시느냐",
"roman": "gureusineunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔",
"roman": "gureusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르세요",
"roman": "gureuseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔요",
"roman": "gureusyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르십니까",
"roman": "gureusimnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨느냐",
"roman": "gureusyeonneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨어",
"roman": "gureusyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨어요",
"roman": "gureusyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨습니까",
"roman": "gureusyeotseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"interrogative"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시라",
"roman": "gureusira",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔",
"roman": "gureusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르세요",
"roman": "gureuseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르십시오",
"roman": "gureusipsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시겠다",
"roman": "gureusigetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시겠어",
"roman": "gureusigesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시겠어요",
"roman": "gureusigesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시겠습니다",
"roman": "gureusigetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔",
"roman": "gureusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔서",
"roman": "gureusyeoseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시니",
"roman": "gureusini",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시니까",
"roman": "gureusinikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시지만",
"roman": "gureusijiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시는데",
"roman": "gureusineunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시더니",
"roman": "gureusideoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시고",
"roman": "gureusigo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시면",
"roman": "gureusimyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔야",
"roman": "gureusyeoya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시려고",
"roman": "gureusiryeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "구르심",
"roman": "gureusim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시기",
"roman": "gureusigi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨음",
"roman": "gureusyeosseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨기",
"roman": "gureusyeotgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르신",
"roman": "gureusin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시는",
"roman": "gureusineun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "구르실",
"roman": "gureusil",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "구르다 • (gureuda) (infinitive 굴러, sequential 구르니)",
"name": "ko-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
17,
24
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
8
]
],
"english": "to stamp one's feet nervously",
"roman": "bar-eul dongdong gureuda",
"text": "발을 동동 구르다",
"translation": "to stamp one's feet nervously",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to stamp, to pound (one's feet)"
],
"id": "en-구르다-ko-verb-BXHI~9Lv",
"links": [
[
"stamp",
"stamp"
],
[
"pound",
"pound"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to stamp, to pound (one's feet)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kuɾɯda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "구르다"
},
{
"other": "[구르다]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈku(ː)ɾɯda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "구(ː)르다"
},
{
"other": "[구(ː)르다]"
},
{
"ipa": "[kuɾɯda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "구르다"
},
{
"other": "[구르다]"
}
],
"word": "구르다"
}
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean reu-irregular verbs",
"Korean terms derived from Middle Korean",
"Korean terms inherited from Middle Korean",
"Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"Korean verbs",
"Native Korean words",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "gulleogada",
"word": "굴러가다"
},
{
"roman": "gulleodanida",
"word": "굴러다니다"
},
{
"roman": "gulleodeulda",
"word": "굴러들다"
},
{
"roman": "dwigureuda",
"word": "뒤구르다"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "그울다〮",
"3": "kùwùl-tá"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 그울다〮 (Yale: kùwùl-tá).",
"name": "ko-etym-native"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ws",
"2": "구울다〮",
"3": "kwùwùl-tá",
"also": "y"
},
"expansion": "Also attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 구울다〮 (Yale: kwùwùl-tá).",
"name": "ko-etym-native"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<*kùpùl(úl)->"
},
"expansion": "<*kùpùl(úl)->",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<*kwùpùl(úl)->"
},
"expansion": "<*kwùpùl(úl)->",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Vovin 2010, p. 157"
},
"expansion": "Vovin 2010, p. 157",
"name": "ko-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/-p-/"
},
"expansion": "/-p-/",
"name": "IPAfont"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 그울다〮 (Yale: kùwùl-tá). Also attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 구울다〮 (Yale: kwùwùl-tá).\nUltimately from pre-Middle Korean <*kùpùl(úl)-> or <*kwùpùl(úl)-> (Vovin 2010, p. 157), which seems to be a compound, though likely no longer analyzable. Conservative dialects in southeastern Korea still preserve the /-p-/ in this word. Perhaps related to the ideophone 구불구불 (gubulgubul, “meanderingly”), and perhaps also to 굽다 (gupda, “to be curved”), in the sense that curved things (e.g. wheels) roll.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gureuda",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "구르니",
"tags": [
"sequential"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vowel-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "구른다",
"roman": "gureunda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"roman": "gulleo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러요",
"roman": "gulleoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구릅니다",
"roman": "gureumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀다",
"roman": "gulleotda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀어",
"roman": "gulleosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀어요",
"roman": "gulleosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀습니다",
"roman": "gulleotseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르느냐",
"roman": "gureuneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"roman": "gulleo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러요",
"roman": "gulleoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구릅니까",
"roman": "gureumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀느냐",
"roman": "gulleonneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀어",
"roman": "gulleosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀어요",
"roman": "gulleosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀습니까",
"roman": "gulleotseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르자",
"roman": "gureuja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"roman": "gulleo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러요",
"roman": "gulleoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르십시다",
"roman": "gureusipsida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러라",
"roman": "gulleora",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"roman": "gulleo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러요",
"roman": "gulleoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구릅시오",
"roman": "gureupsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르겠다",
"roman": "gureugetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르겠어",
"roman": "gureugesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르겠어요",
"roman": "gureugesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르겠습니다",
"roman": "gureugetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"roman": "gulleo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러서",
"roman": "gulleoseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르니",
"roman": "gureuni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르니까",
"roman": "gureunikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르지만",
"roman": "gureujiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르는데",
"roman": "gureuneunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르더니",
"roman": "gureudeoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르고",
"roman": "gureugo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르면",
"roman": "gureumyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러야",
"roman": "gulleoya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르려고",
"roman": "gureuryeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "구름",
"roman": "gureum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "구르기",
"roman": "gureugi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀음",
"roman": "gulleosseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀기",
"roman": "gulleotgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구른",
"roman": "gureun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르는",
"roman": "gureuneun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "구를",
"roman": "gureul",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vowel-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "구르신다",
"roman": "gureusinda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔",
"roman": "gureusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르세요",
"roman": "gureuseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔요",
"roman": "gureusyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르십니다",
"roman": "gureusimnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨다",
"roman": "gureusyeotda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨어",
"roman": "gureusyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨어요",
"roman": "gureusyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨습니다",
"roman": "gureusyeotseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시느냐",
"roman": "gureusineunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔",
"roman": "gureusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르세요",
"roman": "gureuseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔요",
"roman": "gureusyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르십니까",
"roman": "gureusimnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨느냐",
"roman": "gureusyeonneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨어",
"roman": "gureusyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨어요",
"roman": "gureusyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨습니까",
"roman": "gureusyeotseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"interrogative"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시라",
"roman": "gureusira",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔",
"roman": "gureusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르세요",
"roman": "gureuseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르십시오",
"roman": "gureusipsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시겠다",
"roman": "gureusigetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시겠어",
"roman": "gureusigesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시겠어요",
"roman": "gureusigesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시겠습니다",
"roman": "gureusigetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔",
"roman": "gureusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔서",
"roman": "gureusyeoseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시니",
"roman": "gureusini",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시니까",
"roman": "gureusinikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시지만",
"roman": "gureusijiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시는데",
"roman": "gureusineunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시더니",
"roman": "gureusideoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시고",
"roman": "gureusigo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시면",
"roman": "gureusimyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔야",
"roman": "gureusyeoya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시려고",
"roman": "gureusiryeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "구르심",
"roman": "gureusim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시기",
"roman": "gureusigi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨음",
"roman": "gureusyeosseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨기",
"roman": "gureusyeotgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르신",
"roman": "gureusin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시는",
"roman": "gureusineun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "구르실",
"roman": "gureusil",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "굴다",
"roman": "gulda",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "구르다",
"2": "굴리다"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ko-verb-set"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "구르다 • (gureuda) (infinitive 굴러, sequential 구르니)",
"name": "ko-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean intransitive verbs",
"Korean transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to roll, to roll over"
],
"links": [
[
"roll",
"roll"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive or intransitive) to roll, to roll over"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kuɾɯda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "구르다"
},
{
"other": "[구르다]"
}
],
"word": "구르다"
}
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean reu-irregular verbs",
"Korean terms derived from Middle Korean",
"Korean terms inherited from Middle Korean",
"Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"Korean verbs",
"Native Korean words",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "구르〮다〮",
"3": "kwùlú-tá"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 구르〮다〮 (Yale: kwùlú-tá).",
"name": "ko-etym-native"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 구르〮다〮 (Yale: kwùlú-tá).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gureuda",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "구르니",
"tags": [
"sequential"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vowel-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "구른다",
"roman": "gureunda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"roman": "gulleo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러요",
"roman": "gulleoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구릅니다",
"roman": "gureumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀다",
"roman": "gulleotda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀어",
"roman": "gulleosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀어요",
"roman": "gulleosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀습니다",
"roman": "gulleotseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르느냐",
"roman": "gureuneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"roman": "gulleo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러요",
"roman": "gulleoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구릅니까",
"roman": "gureumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀느냐",
"roman": "gulleonneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀어",
"roman": "gulleosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀어요",
"roman": "gulleosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀습니까",
"roman": "gulleotseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르자",
"roman": "gureuja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"roman": "gulleo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러요",
"roman": "gulleoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르십시다",
"roman": "gureusipsida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러라",
"roman": "gulleora",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"roman": "gulleo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러요",
"roman": "gulleoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구릅시오",
"roman": "gureupsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르겠다",
"roman": "gureugetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르겠어",
"roman": "gureugesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르겠어요",
"roman": "gureugesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르겠습니다",
"roman": "gureugetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러",
"roman": "gulleo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러서",
"roman": "gulleoseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르니",
"roman": "gureuni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르니까",
"roman": "gureunikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르지만",
"roman": "gureujiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르는데",
"roman": "gureuneunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르더니",
"roman": "gureudeoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르고",
"roman": "gureugo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르면",
"roman": "gureumyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "굴러야",
"roman": "gulleoya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르려고",
"roman": "gureuryeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "구름",
"roman": "gureum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "구르기",
"roman": "gureugi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀음",
"roman": "gulleosseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "굴렀기",
"roman": "gulleotgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구른",
"roman": "gureun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르는",
"roman": "gureuneun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "구를",
"roman": "gureul",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vowel-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "구르신다",
"roman": "gureusinda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔",
"roman": "gureusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르세요",
"roman": "gureuseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔요",
"roman": "gureusyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르십니다",
"roman": "gureusimnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨다",
"roman": "gureusyeotda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨어",
"roman": "gureusyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨어요",
"roman": "gureusyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨습니다",
"roman": "gureusyeotseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시느냐",
"roman": "gureusineunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔",
"roman": "gureusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르세요",
"roman": "gureuseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔요",
"roman": "gureusyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르십니까",
"roman": "gureusimnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨느냐",
"roman": "gureusyeonneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨어",
"roman": "gureusyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨어요",
"roman": "gureusyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨습니까",
"roman": "gureusyeotseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"interrogative"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시라",
"roman": "gureusira",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔",
"roman": "gureusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르세요",
"roman": "gureuseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르십시오",
"roman": "gureusipsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시겠다",
"roman": "gureusigetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시겠어",
"roman": "gureusigesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시겠어요",
"roman": "gureusigesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시겠습니다",
"roman": "gureusigetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔",
"roman": "gureusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔서",
"roman": "gureusyeoseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시니",
"roman": "gureusini",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시니까",
"roman": "gureusinikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시지만",
"roman": "gureusijiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시는데",
"roman": "gureusineunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시더니",
"roman": "gureusideoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시고",
"roman": "gureusigo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시면",
"roman": "gureusimyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셔야",
"roman": "gureusyeoya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시려고",
"roman": "gureusiryeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "구르심",
"roman": "gureusim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시기",
"roman": "gureusigi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨음",
"roman": "gureusyeosseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르셨기",
"roman": "gureusyeotgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르신",
"roman": "gureusin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "구르시는",
"roman": "gureusineun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "구르실",
"roman": "gureusil",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "구르다 • (gureuda) (infinitive 굴러, sequential 구르니)",
"name": "ko-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean terms with usage examples",
"Korean transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
17,
24
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
8
]
],
"english": "to stamp one's feet nervously",
"roman": "bar-eul dongdong gureuda",
"text": "발을 동동 구르다",
"translation": "to stamp one's feet nervously",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to stamp, to pound (one's feet)"
],
"links": [
[
"stamp",
"stamp"
],
[
"pound",
"pound"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to stamp, to pound (one's feet)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kuɾɯda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "구르다"
},
{
"other": "[구르다]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈku(ː)ɾɯda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "구(ː)르다"
},
{
"other": "[구(ː)르다]"
},
{
"ipa": "[kuɾɯda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "구르다"
},
{
"other": "[구르다]"
}
],
"word": "구르다"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 구르다 meaning in Korean (27.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Korean dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-11-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-11-20 using wiktextract (5887622 and c6a903f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.