See 갈고닦다 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 갈고닦다 meaning in Korean (14.2kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "갈다",
"3": "갈-",
"t": "to hone"
},
"expansion": "갈 (gal-, “to hone”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "-고",
"pos": "connective suffix",
"t": "and"
},
"expansion": "고 (-go, “and”, connective suffix)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "닦다",
"pos": "",
"t": "to polish"
},
"expansion": "닦다 (dakda, “to polish”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "갈",
"2": "to hone",
"3": "닦다",
"4": "to polish",
"con": "y"
},
"expansion": "갈 (gal-, “to hone”)+ 고 (-go, “and”, connective suffix) + 닦다 (dakda, “to polish”).",
"name": "ko-compound-verb"
}
],
"etymology_text": "갈 (gal-, “to hone”)+ 고 (-go, “and”, connective suffix) + 닦다 (dakda, “to polish”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "galgodakda",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으니",
"tags": [
"sequential"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "consonant-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦는다",
"roman": "galgodangneunda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아",
"roman": "galgodakka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아요",
"roman": "galgodakkayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦습니다",
"roman": "galgodakseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦았다",
"roman": "galgodakkatda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦았어",
"roman": "galgodakkasseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦았어요",
"roman": "galgodakkasseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦았습니다",
"roman": "galgodakkatseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦느냐",
"roman": "galgodangneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아",
"roman": "galgodakka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아요",
"roman": "galgodakkayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦습니까",
"roman": "galgodakseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦았느냐",
"roman": "galgodakkanneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦았어",
"roman": "galgodakkasseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦았어요",
"roman": "galgodakkasseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦았습니까",
"roman": "galgodakkatseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦자",
"roman": "galgodakja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아",
"roman": "galgodakka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아요",
"roman": "galgodakkayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으십시다",
"roman": "galgodakkeusipsida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아라",
"roman": "galgodakkara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아",
"roman": "galgodakka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아요",
"roman": "galgodakkayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦읍시오",
"roman": "galgodakkeupsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦겠다",
"roman": "galgodakgetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦겠어",
"roman": "galgodakgesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦겠어요",
"roman": "galgodakgesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦겠습니다",
"roman": "galgodakgetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아",
"roman": "galgodakka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아서",
"roman": "galgodakkaseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으니",
"roman": "galgodakkeuni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으니까",
"roman": "galgodakkeunikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦지만",
"roman": "galgodakjiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦는데",
"roman": "galgodangneunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦더니",
"roman": "galgodakdeoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦고",
"roman": "galgodakgo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으면",
"roman": "galgodakkeumyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아야",
"roman": "galgodakkaya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으려고",
"roman": "galgodakkeuryeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦음",
"roman": "galgodakkeum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦기",
"roman": "galgodakgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦았음",
"roman": "galgodakkasseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦았기",
"roman": "galgodakkatgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦은",
"roman": "galgodakkeun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦는",
"roman": "galgodangneun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦을",
"roman": "galgodakkeul",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "consonant-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으신다",
"roman": "galgodakkeusinda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셔",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으세요",
"roman": "galgodakkeuseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셔요",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으십니다",
"roman": "galgodakkeusimnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셨다",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeotda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셨어",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셨어요",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셨습니다",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeotseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시느냐",
"roman": "galgodakkeusineunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셔",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으세요",
"roman": "galgodakkeuseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셔요",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으십니까",
"roman": "galgodakkeusimnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셨느냐",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeonneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셨어",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셨어요",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셨습니까",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeotseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시라",
"roman": "galgodakkeusira",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셔",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으세요",
"roman": "galgodakkeuseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으십시오",
"roman": "galgodakkeusipsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시겠다",
"roman": "galgodakkeusigetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시겠어",
"roman": "galgodakkeusigesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시겠어요",
"roman": "galgodakkeusigesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시겠습니다",
"roman": "galgodakkeusigetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셔",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셔서",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeoseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시니",
"roman": "galgodakkeusini",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시니까",
"roman": "galgodakkeusinikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시지만",
"roman": "galgodakkeusijiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시는데",
"roman": "galgodakkeusineunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시더니",
"roman": "galgodakkeusideoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시고",
"roman": "galgodakkeusigo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시면",
"roman": "galgodakkeusimyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셔야",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeoya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시려고",
"roman": "galgodakkeusiryeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으심",
"roman": "galgodakkeusim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시기",
"roman": "galgodakkeusigi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셨음",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeosseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셨기",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeotgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으신",
"roman": "galgodakkeusin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시는",
"roman": "galgodakkeusineun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으실",
"roman": "galgodakkeusil",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "갈고닦다 • (galgodakda) (infinitive 갈고닦아, sequential 갈고닦으니)",
"name": "ko-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean verbs compounded by -고",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hone, to cultivate, to develop, to improve (a skill, talent, ability, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-갈고닦다-ko-verb-psLAcMgh",
"links": [
[
"hone",
"hone"
],
[
"cultivate",
"cultivate"
],
[
"develop",
"develop"
],
[
"improve",
"improve"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to hone, to cultivate, to develop, to improve (a skill, talent, ability, etc.)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "갈닦다"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈka̠(ː)ɭɡo̞da̠k̚t͈a̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"other": "[갈(ː)고닥따]"
}
],
"word": "갈고닦다"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "갈다",
"3": "갈-",
"t": "to hone"
},
"expansion": "갈 (gal-, “to hone”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "-고",
"pos": "connective suffix",
"t": "and"
},
"expansion": "고 (-go, “and”, connective suffix)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "닦다",
"pos": "",
"t": "to polish"
},
"expansion": "닦다 (dakda, “to polish”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "갈",
"2": "to hone",
"3": "닦다",
"4": "to polish",
"con": "y"
},
"expansion": "갈 (gal-, “to hone”)+ 고 (-go, “and”, connective suffix) + 닦다 (dakda, “to polish”).",
"name": "ko-compound-verb"
}
],
"etymology_text": "갈 (gal-, “to hone”)+ 고 (-go, “and”, connective suffix) + 닦다 (dakda, “to polish”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "galgodakda",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으니",
"tags": [
"sequential"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "consonant-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦는다",
"roman": "galgodangneunda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아",
"roman": "galgodakka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아요",
"roman": "galgodakkayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦습니다",
"roman": "galgodakseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦았다",
"roman": "galgodakkatda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦았어",
"roman": "galgodakkasseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦았어요",
"roman": "galgodakkasseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦았습니다",
"roman": "galgodakkatseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦느냐",
"roman": "galgodangneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아",
"roman": "galgodakka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아요",
"roman": "galgodakkayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦습니까",
"roman": "galgodakseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦았느냐",
"roman": "galgodakkanneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦았어",
"roman": "galgodakkasseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦았어요",
"roman": "galgodakkasseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦았습니까",
"roman": "galgodakkatseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦자",
"roman": "galgodakja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아",
"roman": "galgodakka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아요",
"roman": "galgodakkayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으십시다",
"roman": "galgodakkeusipsida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아라",
"roman": "galgodakkara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아",
"roman": "galgodakka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아요",
"roman": "galgodakkayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦읍시오",
"roman": "galgodakkeupsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦겠다",
"roman": "galgodakgetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦겠어",
"roman": "galgodakgesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦겠어요",
"roman": "galgodakgesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦겠습니다",
"roman": "galgodakgetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아",
"roman": "galgodakka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아서",
"roman": "galgodakkaseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으니",
"roman": "galgodakkeuni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으니까",
"roman": "galgodakkeunikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦지만",
"roman": "galgodakjiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦는데",
"roman": "galgodangneunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦더니",
"roman": "galgodakdeoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦고",
"roman": "galgodakgo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으면",
"roman": "galgodakkeumyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦아야",
"roman": "galgodakkaya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으려고",
"roman": "galgodakkeuryeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦음",
"roman": "galgodakkeum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦기",
"roman": "galgodakgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦았음",
"roman": "galgodakkasseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦았기",
"roman": "galgodakkatgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦은",
"roman": "galgodakkeun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦는",
"roman": "galgodangneun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦을",
"roman": "galgodakkeul",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "consonant-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으신다",
"roman": "galgodakkeusinda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셔",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으세요",
"roman": "galgodakkeuseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셔요",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으십니다",
"roman": "galgodakkeusimnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셨다",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeotda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셨어",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셨어요",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셨습니다",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeotseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시느냐",
"roman": "galgodakkeusineunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셔",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으세요",
"roman": "galgodakkeuseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셔요",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으십니까",
"roman": "galgodakkeusimnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셨느냐",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeonneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셨어",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셨어요",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셨습니까",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeotseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시라",
"roman": "galgodakkeusira",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셔",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으세요",
"roman": "galgodakkeuseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으십시오",
"roman": "galgodakkeusipsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시겠다",
"roman": "galgodakkeusigetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시겠어",
"roman": "galgodakkeusigesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시겠어요",
"roman": "galgodakkeusigesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시겠습니다",
"roman": "galgodakkeusigetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셔",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셔서",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeoseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시니",
"roman": "galgodakkeusini",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시니까",
"roman": "galgodakkeusinikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시지만",
"roman": "galgodakkeusijiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시는데",
"roman": "galgodakkeusineunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시더니",
"roman": "galgodakkeusideoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시고",
"roman": "galgodakkeusigo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시면",
"roman": "galgodakkeusimyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셔야",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeoya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시려고",
"roman": "galgodakkeusiryeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으심",
"roman": "galgodakkeusim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시기",
"roman": "galgodakkeusigi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셨음",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeosseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으셨기",
"roman": "galgodakkeusyeotgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으신",
"roman": "galgodakkeusin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으시는",
"roman": "galgodakkeusineun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고닦으실",
"roman": "galgodakkeusil",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "갈고닦다 • (galgodakda) (infinitive 갈고닦아, sequential 갈고닦으니)",
"name": "ko-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean compound verbs",
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"Korean transitive verbs",
"Korean verbs",
"Korean verbs compounded by -고"
],
"glosses": [
"to hone, to cultivate, to develop, to improve (a skill, talent, ability, etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"hone",
"hone"
],
[
"cultivate",
"cultivate"
],
[
"develop",
"develop"
],
[
"improve",
"improve"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to hone, to cultivate, to develop, to improve (a skill, talent, ability, etc.)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "갈닦다"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈka̠(ː)ɭɡo̞da̠k̚t͈a̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"other": "[갈(ː)고닥따]"
}
],
"word": "갈고닦다"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Korean dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.