"가난하다" meaning in Korean

See 가난하다 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: [ka̠na̠nɦa̠da̠] [SK-Standard, Seoul]
Etymology: 가난 (ganan) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives). First attested in the Bullyu dugongbu si eonhae (分類杜工部詩諺解 / 분류두공부시언해), 1481, as Middle Korean 가난ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: kànànhòtá). Etymology templates: {{af|ko|가난|-하다|pos2=light verb deriving adjectives|t2=to do}} 가난 (ganan) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives), {{ko-etym-native|bdb|가난ᄒᆞ다〮|kànànhòtá}} First attested in the Bullyu dugongbu si eonhae (分類杜工部詩諺解 / 분류두공부시언해), 1481, as Middle Korean 가난ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: kànànhòtá). Head templates: {{ko-adj}} 가난하다 • (gananhada) (infinitive 가난해 or 가난하여, sequential 가난하니) Forms: gananhada [romanization], 가난해 [infinitive], 가난하여 [infinitive], 가난하니 [sequential], irregular [table-tags], 가난하다 [formal, indicative, non-past], 가난해 [indicative, informal, non-past], 가난해요 [indicative, informal, non-past, polite], 가난합니다 [formal, indicative, non-past, polite], 가난했다 [formal, indicative, past], 가난했어 [indicative, informal, past], 가난했어요 [indicative, informal, past, polite], 가난했습니다 [formal, indicative, past, polite], 가난하냐 [formal, interrogative, non-past], 가난해 [informal, interrogative, non-past], 가난해요 [informal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 가난합니까 [formal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 가난했냐 [formal, interrogative, past], 가난했어 [informal, interrogative, past], 가난했어요 [informal, interrogative, past, polite], 가난했습니까 [formal, interrogative, past, polite], 가난하겠다 [assertive, formal], 가난하겠어 [assertive, informal], 가난하겠어요 [assertive, informal, polite], 가난하겠습니다 [assertive, formal, polite], 가난해 [causative, formal], 가난해서 [causative, informal], 가난하여서 [causative, informal], 가난하니 [causative, informal, polite], 가난하니까 [causative, formal, polite], 가난하지만 [contrastive, formal], 가난한데 [contrastive, informal], 가난하더니 [contrastive, informal, polite], 가난하고 [conjunctive, formal], 가난하면 [conditional, formal], 가난해야 [conditional, informal], 가난하여야 [conditional, informal], 가난함 [formal, noun-from-verb], 가난하기 [informal, noun-from-verb], 가난했음 [formal, noun-from-verb, past], 가난하였음 [formal, noun-from-verb, past], 가난했기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 가난하였기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 가난한 [determiner, informal, present], 가난할 [determiner, future, informal], irregular [table-tags], 가난하시다 [indicative, non-past], 가난하셔 [indicative, informal, non-past], 가난하세요 [indicative, non-past, polite], 가난하셔요 [indicative, non-past, polite], 가난하십니다 [formal, indicative, non-past], 가난하셨다 [indicative, past], 가난하셨어 [indicative, informal, past], 가난하셨어요 [indicative, past, polite], 가난하셨습니다 [formal, indicative, past], 가난하시냐 [interrogative, non-past], 가난하셔 [informal, interrogative, non-past], 가난하세요 [interrogative, non-past, polite], 가난하셔요 [interrogative, non-past, polite], 가난하십니까 [formal, interrogative, non-past], 가난하셨냐 [interrogative, past], 가난하셨어 [informal, interrogative, past], 가난하셨어요 [interrogative, past, polite], 가난하셨습니까 [formal, interrogative, past], 가난하시겠다 [assertive], 가난하시겠어 [assertive, informal], 가난하시겠어요 [assertive, polite], 가난하시겠습니다 [assertive, formal], 가난하셔 [causative], 가난하셔서 [causative, informal], 가난하시니 [causative, polite], 가난하시니까 [causative, formal], 가난하시지만 [contrastive], 가난하신데 [contrastive, informal], 가난하시더니 [contrastive, polite], 가난하시고 [conjunctive], 가난하시면 [conditional], 가난하셔야 [conditional, informal], 가난하심 [noun-from-verb], 가난하시기 [informal, noun-from-verb], 가난하셨음 [noun-from-verb, past], 가난하셨기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 가난하신 [determiner, informal, present], 가난하실 [determiner, future, informal]
  1. poor (not wealthy) Synonyms: 빈곤(貧困)하다
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "가난",
        "3": "-하다",
        "pos2": "light verb deriving adjectives",
        "t2": "to do"
      },
      "expansion": "가난 (ganan) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bdb",
        "2": "가난ᄒᆞ다〮",
        "3": "kànànhòtá"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the Bullyu dugongbu si eonhae (分類杜工部詩諺解 / 분류두공부시언해), 1481, as Middle Korean 가난ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: kànànhòtá).",
      "name": "ko-etym-native"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "가난 (ganan) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).\nFirst attested in the Bullyu dugongbu si eonhae (分類杜工部詩諺解 / 분류두공부시언해), 1481, as Middle Korean 가난ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: kànànhòtá).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gananhada",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난해",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하여",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하니",
      "tags": [
        "sequential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/adj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하다",
      "roman": "gananhada",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난해",
      "roman": "gananhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난해요",
      "roman": "gananhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난합니다",
      "roman": "gananhamnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난했다",
      "roman": "gananhaetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난했어",
      "roman": "gananhaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난했어요",
      "roman": "gananhaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난했습니다",
      "roman": "gananhaetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하냐",
      "roman": "gananhanya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난해",
      "roman": "gananhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난해요",
      "roman": "gananhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난합니까",
      "roman": "gananhamnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난했냐",
      "roman": "gananhaennya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난했어",
      "roman": "gananhaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난했어요",
      "roman": "gananhaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난했습니까",
      "roman": "gananhaetseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하겠다",
      "roman": "gananhagetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하겠어",
      "roman": "gananhagesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하겠어요",
      "roman": "gananhagesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하겠습니다",
      "roman": "gananhagetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난해",
      "roman": "gananhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난해서",
      "roman": "gananhaeseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하여서",
      "roman": "gananhayeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하니",
      "roman": "gananhani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하니까",
      "roman": "gananhanikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하지만",
      "roman": "gananhajiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난한데",
      "roman": "gananhande",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하더니",
      "roman": "gananhadeoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하고",
      "roman": "gananhago",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하면",
      "roman": "gananhamyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난해야",
      "roman": "gananhaeya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하여야",
      "roman": "gananhayeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난함",
      "roman": "gananham",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하기",
      "roman": "gananhagi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난했음",
      "roman": "gananhaesseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하였음",
      "roman": "gananhayeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난했기",
      "roman": "gananhaetgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하였기",
      "roman": "gananhayeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난한",
      "roman": "gananhan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "informal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난할",
      "roman": "gananhal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "future",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/adj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시다",
      "roman": "gananhasida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셔",
      "roman": "gananhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하세요",
      "roman": "gananhaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셔요",
      "roman": "gananhasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하십니다",
      "roman": "gananhasimnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셨다",
      "roman": "gananhasyeotda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셨어",
      "roman": "gananhasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셨어요",
      "roman": "gananhasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셨습니다",
      "roman": "gananhasyeotseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시냐",
      "roman": "gananhasinya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셔",
      "roman": "gananhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하세요",
      "roman": "gananhaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셔요",
      "roman": "gananhasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하십니까",
      "roman": "gananhasimnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셨냐",
      "roman": "gananhasyeonnya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셨어",
      "roman": "gananhasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셨어요",
      "roman": "gananhasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셨습니까",
      "roman": "gananhasyeotseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시겠다",
      "roman": "gananhasigetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시겠어",
      "roman": "gananhasigesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시겠어요",
      "roman": "gananhasigesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시겠습니다",
      "roman": "gananhasigetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셔",
      "roman": "gananhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셔서",
      "roman": "gananhasyeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시니",
      "roman": "gananhasini",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시니까",
      "roman": "gananhasinikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시지만",
      "roman": "gananhasijiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하신데",
      "roman": "gananhasinde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시더니",
      "roman": "gananhasideoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시고",
      "roman": "gananhasigo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시면",
      "roman": "gananhasimyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셔야",
      "roman": "gananhasyeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하심",
      "roman": "gananhasim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시기",
      "roman": "gananhasigi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셨음",
      "roman": "gananhasyeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셨기",
      "roman": "gananhasyeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하신",
      "roman": "gananhasin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "informal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하실",
      "roman": "gananhasil",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "future",
        "informal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "가난하다 • (gananhada) (infinitive 가난해 or 가난하여, sequential 가난하니)",
      "name": "ko-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms suffixed with -하다",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Native Korean words",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "A poor person is being uppity towards a rich person.",
          "roman": "Ganan-han saram-i buja-hante daedeunda.",
          "text": "가난한 사람이 부자한테 대든다.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "poor (not wealthy)"
      ],
      "id": "en-가난하다-ko-adj-AICgWx8U",
      "links": [
        [
          "poor",
          "poor"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "빈곤(貧困)하다"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ka̠na̠nɦa̠da̠]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "가난하다"
    },
    {
      "other": "[가난하다]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "가난하다"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "가난",
        "3": "-하다",
        "pos2": "light verb deriving adjectives",
        "t2": "to do"
      },
      "expansion": "가난 (ganan) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bdb",
        "2": "가난ᄒᆞ다〮",
        "3": "kànànhòtá"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the Bullyu dugongbu si eonhae (分類杜工部詩諺解 / 분류두공부시언해), 1481, as Middle Korean 가난ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: kànànhòtá).",
      "name": "ko-etym-native"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "가난 (ganan) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).\nFirst attested in the Bullyu dugongbu si eonhae (分類杜工部詩諺解 / 분류두공부시언해), 1481, as Middle Korean 가난ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: kànànhòtá).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gananhada",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난해",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하여",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하니",
      "tags": [
        "sequential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/adj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하다",
      "roman": "gananhada",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난해",
      "roman": "gananhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난해요",
      "roman": "gananhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난합니다",
      "roman": "gananhamnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난했다",
      "roman": "gananhaetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난했어",
      "roman": "gananhaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난했어요",
      "roman": "gananhaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난했습니다",
      "roman": "gananhaetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하냐",
      "roman": "gananhanya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난해",
      "roman": "gananhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난해요",
      "roman": "gananhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난합니까",
      "roman": "gananhamnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난했냐",
      "roman": "gananhaennya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난했어",
      "roman": "gananhaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난했어요",
      "roman": "gananhaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난했습니까",
      "roman": "gananhaetseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하겠다",
      "roman": "gananhagetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하겠어",
      "roman": "gananhagesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하겠어요",
      "roman": "gananhagesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하겠습니다",
      "roman": "gananhagetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난해",
      "roman": "gananhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난해서",
      "roman": "gananhaeseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하여서",
      "roman": "gananhayeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하니",
      "roman": "gananhani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하니까",
      "roman": "gananhanikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하지만",
      "roman": "gananhajiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난한데",
      "roman": "gananhande",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하더니",
      "roman": "gananhadeoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하고",
      "roman": "gananhago",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하면",
      "roman": "gananhamyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난해야",
      "roman": "gananhaeya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하여야",
      "roman": "gananhayeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난함",
      "roman": "gananham",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하기",
      "roman": "gananhagi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난했음",
      "roman": "gananhaesseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하였음",
      "roman": "gananhayeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난했기",
      "roman": "gananhaetgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하였기",
      "roman": "gananhayeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난한",
      "roman": "gananhan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "informal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난할",
      "roman": "gananhal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "future",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/adj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시다",
      "roman": "gananhasida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셔",
      "roman": "gananhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하세요",
      "roman": "gananhaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셔요",
      "roman": "gananhasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하십니다",
      "roman": "gananhasimnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셨다",
      "roman": "gananhasyeotda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셨어",
      "roman": "gananhasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셨어요",
      "roman": "gananhasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셨습니다",
      "roman": "gananhasyeotseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시냐",
      "roman": "gananhasinya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셔",
      "roman": "gananhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하세요",
      "roman": "gananhaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셔요",
      "roman": "gananhasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하십니까",
      "roman": "gananhasimnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셨냐",
      "roman": "gananhasyeonnya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셨어",
      "roman": "gananhasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셨어요",
      "roman": "gananhasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셨습니까",
      "roman": "gananhasyeotseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시겠다",
      "roman": "gananhasigetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시겠어",
      "roman": "gananhasigesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시겠어요",
      "roman": "gananhasigesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시겠습니다",
      "roman": "gananhasigetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셔",
      "roman": "gananhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셔서",
      "roman": "gananhasyeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시니",
      "roman": "gananhasini",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시니까",
      "roman": "gananhasinikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시지만",
      "roman": "gananhasijiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하신데",
      "roman": "gananhasinde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시더니",
      "roman": "gananhasideoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시고",
      "roman": "gananhasigo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시면",
      "roman": "gananhasimyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셔야",
      "roman": "gananhasyeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하심",
      "roman": "gananhasim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하시기",
      "roman": "gananhasigi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셨음",
      "roman": "gananhasyeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하셨기",
      "roman": "gananhasyeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하신",
      "roman": "gananhasin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "informal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "가난하실",
      "roman": "gananhasil",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "future",
        "informal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "가난하다 • (gananhada) (infinitive 가난해 or 가난하여, sequential 가난하니)",
      "name": "ko-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Korean adjectives",
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean ha-irregular adjectives",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean terms derived from Middle Korean",
        "Korean terms inherited from Middle Korean",
        "Korean terms suffixed with -하다",
        "Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
        "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
        "Korean terms with usage examples",
        "Native Korean words",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "A poor person is being uppity towards a rich person.",
          "roman": "Ganan-han saram-i buja-hante daedeunda.",
          "text": "가난한 사람이 부자한테 대든다.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "poor (not wealthy)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "poor",
          "poor"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "빈곤(貧困)하다"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ka̠na̠nɦa̠da̠]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "가난하다"
    },
    {
      "other": "[가난하다]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "가난하다"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 가난하다 meaning in Korean (11.8kB)

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    "가난하다"
  ],
  "section": "Korean",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "가난하다",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "가난하다"
  ],
  "section": "Korean",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "가난하다",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "가난하다"
  ],
  "section": "Korean",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "가난하다",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "가난하다"
  ],
  "section": "Korean",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "가난하다",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "가난하다"
  ],
  "section": "Korean",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "가난하다",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "가난하다"
  ],
  "section": "Korean",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "가난하다",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "가난하다"
  ],
  "section": "Korean",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "가난하다",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "가난하다"
  ],
  "section": "Korean",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "가난하다",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Korean dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.