"群集" meaning in Japanese

See 群集 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Forms: 群集 [canonical] (ruby: (ぐん), (しゅう)), gunshū [romanization]
Head templates: {{ja-noun|ぐんしゅう}} 群(ぐん)集(しゅう) • (gunshū)
  1. crowd
    Sense id: en-群集-ja-noun-W0U1vdef
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: 群衆

Verb

Forms: 群集する [canonical] (ruby: (ぐん), (しゅう)), gunshū suru [romanization], 群集し [stem] (ruby: (ぐん), (しゅう)), 群集した [past] (ruby: (ぐん), (しゅう)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 群集し [error-unrecognized-form], ぐんしゅうし [error-unrecognized-form], gunshū shi [error-unrecognized-form], 群集する [error-unrecognized-form], ぐんしゅうする [error-unrecognized-form], gunshū suru [error-unrecognized-form], 群集すれ [error-unrecognized-form], ぐんしゅうすれ [error-unrecognized-form], gunshū sure [error-unrecognized-form], 群集せよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], 群集しろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], ぐんしゅうせよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], ぐんしゅうしろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], gunshū seyo [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], gunshū shiro [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], 群集される [passive], ぐんしゅうされる [passive], gunshū sareru [passive], 群集させる [causative], 群集さす [causative], ぐんしゅうさせる [causative], ぐんしゅうさす [causative], gunshū saseru [causative], gunshū sasu [causative], 群集できる [potential], ぐんしゅうできる [potential], gunshū dekiru [potential], 群集しよう [volitional], ぐんしゅうしよう [volitional], gunshū shiyō [volitional], 群集しない [negative], ぐんしゅうしない [negative], gunshū shinai [negative], 群集せず [continuative, negative], ぐんしゅうせず [continuative, negative], gunshū sezu [continuative, negative], 群集します [formal], ぐんしゅうします [formal], gunshū shimasu [formal], 群集した [perfective], ぐんしゅうした [perfective], gunshū shita [perfective], 群集して [conjunctive], ぐんしゅうして [conjunctive], gunshū shite [conjunctive], 群集すれば [conditional, hypothetical], ぐんしゅうすれば [conditional, hypothetical], gunshū sureba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. gather, to crowd
    Sense id: en-群集-ja-verb-drr1-G3h Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Japanese verbs without transitivity Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 25 75 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 5 95 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 30 70 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 16 84 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 5 95 Disambiguation of Japanese verbs without transitivity: 18 82
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: 群衆
{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "群集",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "群",
          "ぐん"
        ],
        [
          "集",
          "しゅう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ぐんしゅう"
      },
      "expansion": "群(ぐん)集(しゅう) • (gunshū)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "crowd"
      ],
      "id": "en-群集-ja-noun-W0U1vdef",
      "links": [
        [
          "crowd",
          "crowd"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "群衆"
    }
  ],
  "word": "群集"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "群集する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "群",
          "ぐん"
        ],
        [
          "集",
          "しゅう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集し",
      "roman": "gunshū shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "群",
          "ぐん"
        ],
        [
          "集",
          "しゅう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集した",
      "roman": "gunshū shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "群",
          "ぐん"
        ],
        [
          "集",
          "しゅう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 75",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 95",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 70",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 84",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 95",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 82",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gather, to crowd"
      ],
      "id": "en-群集-ja-verb-drr1-G3h",
      "links": [
        [
          "gather",
          "gather"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "群衆"
    }
  ],
  "word": "群集"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
    "Pages with 2 entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "群集",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "群",
          "ぐん"
        ],
        [
          "集",
          "しゅう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ぐんしゅう"
      },
      "expansion": "群(ぐん)集(しゅう) • (gunshū)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "crowd"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "crowd",
          "crowd"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "群衆"
    }
  ],
  "word": "群集"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
    "Pages with 2 entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "群集する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "群",
          "ぐん"
        ],
        [
          "集",
          "しゅう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集し",
      "roman": "gunshū shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "群",
          "ぐん"
        ],
        [
          "集",
          "しゅう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集した",
      "roman": "gunshū shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "群",
          "ぐん"
        ],
        [
          "集",
          "しゅう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "群集すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐんしゅうすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gunshū sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "gather, to crowd"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gather",
          "gather"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "群衆"
    }
  ],
  "word": "群集"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 群集 meaning in Japanese (6.2kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "群集"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "群集",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "群集"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "群集",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "群集"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "群集",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "群集"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "群集",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "群集"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "群集",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "群集"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "群集",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "群集"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "群集",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.