See 悲観 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "hikanteki",
"ruby": [
[
"悲",
"ひ"
],
[
"観",
"かん"
],
[
"的",
"てき"
]
],
"word": "悲観的"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "hikanron",
"ruby": [
[
"悲",
"ひ"
],
[
"観",
"かん"
],
[
"論",
"ろん"
]
],
"word": "悲観論"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "hikan shugi",
"ruby": [
[
"悲",
"ひ"
],
[
"観",
"かん"
],
[
"主",
"しゅ"
],
[
"義",
"ぎ"
]
],
"word": "悲観主義"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "悲觀",
"4": "",
"5": "compassionate view",
"lit": "view of pity",
"sort": "ひかん"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese 悲觀 (“compassionate view”, literally “view of pity”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "悲",
"3": "観",
"t1": "sadness",
"t2": "outlook"
},
"expansion": "悲 (“sadness”) + 観 (“outlook”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 悲觀 (“compassionate view”, literally “view of pity”), a Buddhist term. Compare 慈悲 (jihi, “compassion”). Reanalyzed as 悲 (“sadness”) + 観 (“outlook”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "悲観",
"ruby": [
[
"悲",
"ひ"
],
[
"観",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
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}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ひかん"
},
"expansion": "悲(ひ)観(かん) • (hikan)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Buddhism",
"orig": "ja:Buddhism",
"parents": [
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "67 9 3 18 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "57 10 4 24 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 7 20 24 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 11 4 25 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 10 4 25 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "76 6 5 9 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a compassionate world view that motivates individuals to help and eliminate suffering"
],
"id": "en-悲観-ja-noun-0C-4cFzP",
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhism) a compassionate world view that motivates individuals to help and eliminate suffering"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "楽観"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pessimism"
],
"id": "en-悲観-ja-noun-OSBe14Vm",
"links": [
[
"pessimism",
"pessimism"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"despair; discouragement"
],
"id": "en-悲観-ja-noun-sE3i8Dbk",
"links": [
[
"despair",
"despair"
],
[
"discouragement",
"discouragement"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ひかん"
},
{
"ipa": "[çi̥kã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "悲観"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "悲觀",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese: 悲觀／悲观 (bēiguān)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese: 悲觀／悲观 (bēiguān)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "비관",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 비관 (bigwan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 비관 (bigwan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "bi quan",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: bi quan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Vietnamese: bi quan"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "悲觀",
"4": "",
"5": "compassionate view",
"lit": "view of pity",
"sort": "ひかん"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese 悲觀 (“compassionate view”, literally “view of pity”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "悲",
"3": "観",
"t1": "sadness",
"t2": "outlook"
},
"expansion": "悲 (“sadness”) + 観 (“outlook”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 悲觀 (“compassionate view”, literally “view of pity”), a Buddhist term. Compare 慈悲 (jihi, “compassion”). Reanalyzed as 悲 (“sadness”) + 観 (“outlook”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "悲観する",
"ruby": [
[
"悲",
"ひ"
],
[
"観",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観し",
"roman": "hikan shi",
"ruby": [
[
"悲",
"ひ"
],
[
"観",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観した",
"roman": "hikan shita",
"ruby": [
[
"悲",
"ひ"
],
[
"観",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to be pessimistic"
],
"id": "en-悲観-ja-verb-72afJ6UU",
"links": [
[
"pessimistic",
"pessimistic"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I didn't lose hope even after I wasn't selected.",
"roman": "Erabarenakute mo hikan shiteinai.",
"ruby": [
[
"選",
"えら"
],
[
"悲観",
"ひかん"
]
],
"text": "選ばれなくても悲観していない。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lose hope; to despair; to be disappointed"
],
"id": "en-悲観-ja-verb-Md2mxJ~C"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ひかん"
},
{
"ipa": "[çi̥kã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "悲観"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "hikanteki",
"ruby": [
[
"悲",
"ひ"
],
[
"観",
"かん"
],
[
"的",
"てき"
]
],
"word": "悲観的"
},
{
"roman": "hikanron",
"ruby": [
[
"悲",
"ひ"
],
[
"観",
"かん"
],
[
"論",
"ろん"
]
],
"word": "悲観論"
},
{
"roman": "hikan shugi",
"ruby": [
[
"悲",
"ひ"
],
[
"観",
"かん"
],
[
"主",
"しゅ"
],
[
"義",
"ぎ"
]
],
"word": "悲観主義"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "悲觀",
"4": "",
"5": "compassionate view",
"lit": "view of pity",
"sort": "ひかん"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese 悲觀 (“compassionate view”, literally “view of pity”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "悲",
"3": "観",
"t1": "sadness",
"t2": "outlook"
},
"expansion": "悲 (“sadness”) + 観 (“outlook”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 悲觀 (“compassionate view”, literally “view of pity”), a Buddhist term. Compare 慈悲 (jihi, “compassion”). Reanalyzed as 悲 (“sadness”) + 観 (“outlook”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "悲観",
"ruby": [
[
"悲",
"ひ"
],
[
"観",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ひかん"
},
"expansion": "悲(ひ)観(かん) • (hikan)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"ja:Buddhism"
],
"glosses": [
"a compassionate world view that motivates individuals to help and eliminate suffering"
],
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhism) a compassionate world view that motivates individuals to help and eliminate suffering"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "楽観"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pessimism"
],
"links": [
[
"pessimism",
"pessimism"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"despair; discouragement"
],
"links": [
[
"despair",
"despair"
],
[
"discouragement",
"discouragement"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ひかん"
},
{
"ipa": "[çi̥kã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "悲観"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "悲觀",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese: 悲觀／悲观 (bēiguān)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese: 悲觀／悲观 (bēiguān)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "비관",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 비관 (bigwan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 비관 (bigwan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "bi quan",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: bi quan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Vietnamese: bi quan"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "悲觀",
"4": "",
"5": "compassionate view",
"lit": "view of pity",
"sort": "ひかん"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese 悲觀 (“compassionate view”, literally “view of pity”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "悲",
"3": "観",
"t1": "sadness",
"t2": "outlook"
},
"expansion": "悲 (“sadness”) + 観 (“outlook”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 悲觀 (“compassionate view”, literally “view of pity”), a Buddhist term. Compare 慈悲 (jihi, “compassion”). Reanalyzed as 悲 (“sadness”) + 観 (“outlook”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "悲観する",
"ruby": [
[
"悲",
"ひ"
],
[
"観",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観し",
"roman": "hikan shi",
"ruby": [
[
"悲",
"ひ"
],
[
"観",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観した",
"roman": "hikan shita",
"ruby": [
[
"悲",
"ひ"
],
[
"観",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "悲観すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかんすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "hikan sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to be pessimistic"
],
"links": [
[
"pessimistic",
"pessimistic"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I didn't lose hope even after I wasn't selected.",
"roman": "Erabarenakute mo hikan shiteinai.",
"ruby": [
[
"選",
"えら"
],
[
"悲観",
"ひかん"
]
],
"text": "選ばれなくても悲観していない。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lose hope; to despair; to be disappointed"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ひかん"
},
{
"ipa": "[çi̥kã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "悲観"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 悲観 meaning in Japanese (9.4kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"悲観"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "悲観",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"悲観"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "悲観",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"悲観"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "悲観",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"悲観"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "悲観",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"悲観"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "悲観",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"悲観"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "悲観",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"悲観"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "悲観",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.