See 刻苦 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "刻苦",
"ruby": [
[
"刻",
"こっ"
],
[
"苦",
"く"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こっく"
},
"expansion": "刻(こっ)苦(く) • (kokku)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hard work"
],
"id": "en-刻苦-ja-noun-elSs1VG7",
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
]
}
],
"word": "刻苦"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "刻苦する",
"ruby": [
[
"刻",
"こっ"
],
[
"苦",
"く"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦し",
"roman": "kokku shi",
"ruby": [
[
"刻",
"こっ"
],
[
"苦",
"く"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦した",
"roman": "kokku shita",
"ruby": [
[
"刻",
"こっ"
],
[
"苦",
"く"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"work hard"
],
"id": "en-刻苦-ja-verb-nPlvN-2~",
"links": [
[
"work",
"work"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
]
}
],
"word": "刻苦"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "刻苦",
"ruby": [
[
"刻",
"こっ"
],
[
"苦",
"く"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こっく"
},
"expansion": "刻(こっ)苦(く) • (kokku)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hard work"
],
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
]
}
],
"word": "刻苦"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "刻苦する",
"ruby": [
[
"刻",
"こっ"
],
[
"苦",
"く"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦し",
"roman": "kokku shi",
"ruby": [
[
"刻",
"こっ"
],
[
"苦",
"く"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦した",
"roman": "kokku shita",
"ruby": [
[
"刻",
"こっ"
],
[
"苦",
"く"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "刻苦すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "こっくすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kokku sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"work hard"
],
"links": [
[
"work",
"work"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
]
}
],
"word": "刻苦"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 刻苦 meaning in Japanese (5.9kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"刻苦"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "刻苦",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"刻苦"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "刻苦",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"刻苦"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "刻苦",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"刻苦"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "刻苦",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"刻苦"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "刻苦",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"刻苦"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "刻苦",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"刻苦"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "刻苦",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (1c4b89b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.