"上様" meaning in Japanese

See 上様 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [ɯ̟e̞sa̠ma̠] Forms: 上様 [canonical] (ruby: 上(うえ), 様(さま)), uesama [romanization], ufesama [romanization], うへさま [hiragana, historical]
Head templates: {{ja-noun|うえさま|hhira=うへさま}} 上(うえ)様(さま) • (uesama) ^(←うへさま (ufesama)?)
  1. (honorific, address) form of address or reference for an emperor, shogun, or other individual of high social status: noble superior, Majesty, Highness, lordship Tags: honorific, term-of-address Categories (topical): Monarchy, Nobility
    Sense id: en-上様-ja-noun-tBMTnDch Disambiguation of Monarchy: 23 13 2 18 15 14 2 13 Disambiguation of Nobility: 25 13 1 17 16 14 1 13 Categories (other): Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant script codes, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms suffixed with 様, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 15 16 4 16 15 14 4 16 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 14 15 7 15 14 13 7 15 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 21 20 6 12 12 11 6 13 Disambiguation of Japanese terms suffixed with 様: 17 18 3 22 19 18 3 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 14 18 2 17 14 14 2 18 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 14 15 7 14 14 13 7 15 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 16 17 1 17 16 16 1 17 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 16 16 1 16 17 17 1 16
  2. (honorific, address) form of address or reference in formal correspondence: sir or madam; or in documentation, such as a receipt: valued customer (also encountered with the reading jōsama) Tags: honorific, term-of-address Categories (topical): Female
    Sense id: en-上様-ja-noun-r7xP7iKm Disambiguation of Female: 4 40 0 8 9 0 0 39 Categories (other): Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant script codes, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms suffixed with 様, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 15 16 4 16 15 14 4 16 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 14 15 7 15 14 13 7 15 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 21 20 6 12 12 11 6 13 Disambiguation of Japanese terms suffixed with 様: 17 18 3 22 19 18 3 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 6 11 6 14 23 23 6 11 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 14 18 2 17 14 14 2 18 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 14 15 7 14 14 13 7 15 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 16 17 1 17 16 16 1 17 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 16 16 1 16 17 17 1 16

Noun

IPA: [ɯ̟e̞za̠ma̠], [ɯ̟e̞sa̠ma̠] Forms: 上様 [canonical] (ruby: 上(うえ), 様(ざま)), uezama [romanization], ufezama [romanization], うへざま [hiragana, historical]
Etymology: Compound of 上 (ue, “up, above”) + 様 (-sama, “state, condition, way”). The sama changes to zama as an instance of rendaku (連濁). Cited to the 宇治拾遺物語 (Uji Shūi Monogatari) of the 1200s. Etymology templates: {{suffix|ja|上|様|sort=うえさま|t1=up, above|t2=state, condition, way|tr1=ue|tr2=sama}} 上 (ue, “up, above”) + 様 (-sama, “state, condition, way”), {{rendaku2|sama|zama|sort=うえざま}} The sama changes to zama as an instance of rendaku (連濁). Head templates: {{ja-noun|うえざま|hhira=うへざま}} 上(うえ)様(ざま) • (uezama) ^(←うへざま (ufezama)?)
  1. (archaic, possibly obsolete) up, the upward direction Tags: archaic, obsolete, possibly Synonyms: 上, 上の方
    Sense id: en-上様-ja-noun-8vHf2IXn Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with rendaku Disambiguation of Japanese terms with rendaku: 50 50
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 4

Noun

IPA: [ka̠mʲisa̠ma̠], [ɯ̟e̞sa̠ma̠] Forms: 上様 [canonical] (ruby: 上(かみ), 様(さま)), kamisama [romanization]
Etymology: Compound of 上 (kami, “upper, above”) + 様 (-sama, honorific suffix). Cited to the 義経記 (Gikeiki) of roughly the mid-1300s. Etymology templates: {{suffix|ja|上|様|pos2=honorific suffix|sort=かみさま|t1=upper, above|tr1=kami|tr2=sama}} 上 (kami, “upper, above”) + 様 (-sama, honorific suffix) Head templates: {{ja-noun|かみさま}} 上(かみ)様(さま) • (kamisama)
  1. (archaic, possibly obsolete)
    (honorific, address) form of address or reference for the wife of a daimyo, lord, or other individual of high social status: honored superior, milady     Tags: archaic, honorific, obsolete, possibly, term-of-address Synonyms: 奥方
    Sense id: en-上様-ja-noun-oVuV-~Xw Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms suffixed with 様, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 15 16 4 16 15 14 4 16 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 14 15 7 15 14 13 7 15 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 21 20 6 12 12 11 6 13 Disambiguation of Japanese terms suffixed with 様: 17 18 3 22 19 18 3 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 6 11 6 14 23 23 6 11 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 14 18 2 17 14 14 2 18 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 14 15 7 14 14 13 7 15 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 16 17 1 17 16 16 1 17 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 16 16 1 16 17 17 1 16
  2. (honorific, address) during the Edo period, form of address or reference for a widow or elderly mother of a household of good social standing Tags: honorific, term-of-address Synonyms: 後室様 (english: widow, [[dowager]])
    Sense id: en-上様-ja-noun-sobkVk37 Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms suffixed with 様, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 15 16 4 16 15 14 4 16 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 14 15 7 15 14 13 7 15 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 21 20 6 12 12 11 6 13 Disambiguation of Japanese terms suffixed with 様: 17 18 3 22 19 18 3 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 6 11 6 14 23 23 6 11 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 14 18 2 17 14 14 2 18 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 14 15 7 14 14 13 7 15 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 16 17 1 17 16 16 1 17 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 16 16 1 16 17 17 1 16
  3. (honorific, address) during the Edo period, form of address or reference used by townsfolk for someone else's wife or mother Tags: honorific, term-of-address Synonyms: おかみさん
    Sense id: en-上様-ja-noun-k0hyWdIb Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms suffixed with 様, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 15 16 4 16 15 14 4 16 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 14 15 7 15 14 13 7 15 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 21 20 6 12 12 11 6 13 Disambiguation of Japanese terms suffixed with 様: 17 18 3 22 19 18 3 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 6 11 6 14 23 23 6 11 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 14 18 2 17 14 14 2 18 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 14 15 7 14 14 13 7 15 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 16 17 1 17 16 16 1 17 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 16 16 1 16 17 17 1 16
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 5

Noun

IPA: [ka̠mʲiza̠ma̠], [ɯ̟e̞sa̠ma̠] Forms: 上様 [canonical] (ruby: 上(かみ), 様(ざま)), kamizama [romanization]
Etymology: Compound of 上 (kami, “upper, above”) + 様 (-sama, “state, condition, way”). The sama changes to zama as an instance of rendaku (連濁). Cited to 枕草子 (The Pillow Book) of roughly 1000 CE. Etymology templates: {{suffix|ja|上|様|sort=かみざま|t1=upper, above|t2=state, condition, way|tr1=kami|tr2=sama}} 上 (kami, “upper, above”) + 様 (-sama, “state, condition, way”), {{rendaku2|sama|zama|sort=かみざま}} The sama changes to zama as an instance of rendaku (連濁)., {{C.E.|nodots=1}} CE, {{CE}} CE Head templates: {{ja-noun|かみざま}} 上(かみ)様(ざま) • (kamizama)
  1. (archaic, possibly obsolete) up, the upward direction Tags: archaic, obsolete, possibly Synonyms: 上, 上の方 Derived forms: かみさん (kamisan), おかみさん (okamisan)
    Sense id: en-上様-ja-noun-8vHf2IXn1 Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with rendaku Disambiguation of Japanese terms with rendaku: 50 50
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 6

Noun

IPA: [d͡ʑo̞ːsa̠ma̠], [ɯ̟e̞sa̠ma̠] Forms: 上様 [canonical] (ruby: 上(じょう), 様(さま)), jōsama [romanization], zyausama [romanization], じやうさま [hiragana, historical]
Etymology: Compound of 上 (jō, “top-class, the best”) + 様 (sama, honorific suffix). Likely a shift from uesama, replacing the 訓読み (kun'yomi) of ue with the 音読み (on'yomi) of jō. Possibly influenced by homophone 嬢様 (jōsama, “princess”, honorific term of reference for someone else's daughter). Etymology templates: {{compound|ja|上|様|pos2=honorific suffix|sort=しょうさま'|t1=top-class, the best|tr1=jō|tr2=sama}} 上 (jō, “top-class, the best”) + 様 (sama, honorific suffix) Head templates: {{ja-noun|じょうさま|hhira=じやうさま}} 上(じょう)様(さま) • (jōsama) ^(←じやうさま (zyausama)?)
  1. (honorific, address) form of address or reference in formal correspondence: dear sir or madam; or in documentation, such as a receipt: valued customer (also encountered with the reading uesama) Tags: honorific, term-of-address Categories (topical): Female
    Sense id: en-上様-ja-noun-uZX8WtXS Disambiguation of Female: 4 40 0 8 9 0 0 39 Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 15 16 4 16 15 14 4 16 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 14 15 7 15 14 13 7 15 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 21 20 6 12 12 11 6 13 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 6 11 6 14 23 23 6 11 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 14 18 2 17 14 14 2 18 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 14 15 7 14 14 13 7 15 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 16 17 1 17 16 16 1 17 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 16 16 1 16 17 17 1 16
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 7
{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "上様",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "上",
          "うえ"
        ],
        [
          "様",
          "さま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uesama",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ufesama",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "うへさま",
      "roman": "ufesama",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "うえさま",
        "hhira": "うへさま"
      },
      "expansion": "上(うえ)様(さま) • (uesama) ^(←うへさま (ufesama)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
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            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 16 4 16 15 14 4 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 7 15 14 13 7 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 20 6 12 12 11 6 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 18 3 22 19 18 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms suffixed with 様",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "14 18 2 17 14 14 2 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "14 15 7 14 14 13 7 15",
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          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "16 17 1 17 16 16 1 17",
          "kind": "other",
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        {
          "_dis": "16 16 1 16 17 17 1 16",
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "23 13 2 18 15 14 2 13",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Monarchy",
          "orig": "ja:Monarchy",
          "parents": [
            "Forms of government",
            "High society",
            "Government",
            "Society",
            "Politics",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 13 1 17 16 14 1 13",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Nobility",
          "orig": "ja:Nobility",
          "parents": [
            "High society",
            "People",
            "Society",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Maybe you misheard it for Uesugi-san or something?",
          "ref": "2006 November 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)百(ひゃく)二(に)十(じゅう)八(はち)訓(くん) 運(うん)に身(み)分(ぶん)は関(かん)係(けい)ない [Lesson 128: Luck Has Nothing to Do with Social Status]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Uesugi-san toka kiki machigaeta no de wa nai ka",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "上",
              "うえ"
            ],
            [
              "杉",
              "すぎ"
            ],
            [
              "間",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "違",
              "ちが"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "上杉さんとかきき間違えたのではないか",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "Maybe you misheard it for Uesugi-san or something?",
          "ref": "2006 November 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)百(ひゃく)二(に)十(じゅう)八(はち)訓(くん) 運(うん)に身(み)分(ぶん)は関(かん)係(けい)ない [Lesson 128: Luck Has Nothing to Do with Social Status]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Uesugi-san toka kiki machigaeta no de wa nai ka",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "上",
              "うえ"
            ],
            [
              "杉",
              "すぎ"
            ],
            [
              "間",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "違",
              "ちが"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "上杉さんとかきき間違えたのではないか",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "Maybe you misheard it for Uesugi-san or something?",
          "ref": "2006 November 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)百(ひゃく)二(に)十(じゅう)八(はち)訓(くん) 運(うん)に身(み)分(ぶん)は関(かん)係(けい)ない [Lesson 128: Luck Has Nothing to Do with Social Status]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Uesugi-san toka kiki machigaeta no de wa nai ka",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "上",
              "うえ"
            ],
            [
              "杉",
              "すぎ"
            ],
            [
              "間",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "違",
              "ちが"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "上杉さんとかきき間違えたのではないか",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "Maybe you misheard it for Uesugi-san or something?",
          "ref": "2006 November 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)百(ひゃく)二(に)十(じゅう)八(はち)訓(くん) 運(うん)に身(み)分(ぶん)は関(かん)係(けい)ない [Lesson 128: Luck Has Nothing to Do with Social Status]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Uesugi-san toka kiki machigaeta no de wa nai ka",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "上",
              "うえ"
            ],
            [
              "杉",
              "すぎ"
            ],
            [
              "間",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "違",
              "ちが"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "上杉さんとかきき間違えたのではないか",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "Maybe you misheard it for Uesugi-san or something?",
          "ref": "2006 November 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)百(ひゃく)二(に)十(じゅう)八(はち)訓(くん) 運(うん)に身(み)分(ぶん)は関(かん)係(けい)ない [Lesson 128: Luck Has Nothing to Do with Social Status]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Uesugi-san toka kiki machigaeta no de wa nai ka",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "上",
              "うえ"
            ],
            [
              "杉",
              "すぎ"
            ],
            [
              "間",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "違",
              "ちが"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "上杉さんとかきき間違えたのではないか",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "Maybe you misheard it for Uesugi-san or something?",
          "ref": "2006 November 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)百(ひゃく)二(に)十(じゅう)八(はち)訓(くん) 運(うん)に身(み)分(ぶん)は関(かん)係(けい)ない [Lesson 128: Luck Has Nothing to Do with Social Status]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Uesugi-san toka kiki machigaeta no de wa nai ka",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "上",
              "うえ"
            ],
            [
              "杉",
              "すぎ"
            ],
            [
              "間",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "違",
              "ちが"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "上杉さんとかきき間違えたのではないか",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "Maybe you misheard it for Uesugi-san or something?",
          "ref": "2006 November 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)百(ひゃく)二(に)十(じゅう)八(はち)訓(くん) 運(うん)に身(み)分(ぶん)は関(かん)係(けい)ない [Lesson 128: Luck Has Nothing to Do with Social Status]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Uesugi-san toka kiki machigaeta no de wa nai ka",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "上",
              "うえ"
            ],
            [
              "杉",
              "すぎ"
            ],
            [
              "間",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "違",
              "ちが"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "上杉さんとかきき間違えたのではないか",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "form of address or reference for an emperor, shogun, or other individual of high social status: noble superior, Majesty, Highness, lordship"
      ],
      "id": "en-上様-ja-noun-tBMTnDch",
      "links": [
        [
          "emperor",
          "emperor#English"
        ],
        [
          "shogun",
          "shogun#English"
        ],
        [
          "noble",
          "noble"
        ],
        [
          "superior",
          "superior"
        ],
        [
          "Majesty",
          "Majesty"
        ],
        [
          "Highness",
          "Highness"
        ],
        [
          "lordship",
          "lordship"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific, address) form of address or reference for an emperor, shogun, or other individual of high social status: noble superior, Majesty, Highness, lordship"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "term-of-address"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 16 4 16 15 14 4 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 7 15 14 13 7 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 20 6 12 12 11 6 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 18 3 22 19 18 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms suffixed with 様",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 11 6 14 23 23 6 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 18 2 17 14 14 2 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 7 14 14 13 7 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 17 1 17 16 16 1 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 1 16 17 17 1 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 40 0 8 9 0 0 39",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Female",
          "orig": "ja:Female",
          "parents": [
            "Gender",
            "Biology",
            "Psychology",
            "Sociology",
            "Sciences",
            "Social sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Society",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "From the Earth Defense Force\nDear Sir or Madam",
          "ref": "2005 December 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)八(はち)十(じゅう)一(いち)訓(くん) 扇(せん)風(ぷう)機(き)つけっぱなしで寝(ね)ちゃうとお腹(おか)こわしちゃうから気(き)を付(つ)けて [Lesson 81: Be Careful When Sleeping with the Fan on or You’ll Get a Stomachache]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Chikyū Bōeigun yori\nUe-sama e",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "地",
              "ち"
            ],
            [
              "球",
              "きゅう"
            ],
            [
              "防",
              "ぼう"
            ],
            [
              "衛",
              "えい"
            ],
            [
              "軍",
              "ぐん"
            ],
            [
              "上",
              "うえ"
            ],
            [
              "様",
              "さま"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "地球防衛軍より\n上様へ",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "form of address or reference in formal correspondence: sir or madam; or in documentation, such as a receipt: valued customer (also encountered with the reading jōsama)"
      ],
      "id": "en-上様-ja-noun-r7xP7iKm",
      "links": [
        [
          "correspondence",
          "correspondence#English"
        ],
        [
          "sir",
          "sir"
        ],
        [
          "madam",
          "madam"
        ],
        [
          "receipt",
          "receipt#English"
        ],
        [
          "valued",
          "valued"
        ],
        [
          "customer",
          "customer"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific, address) form of address or reference in formal correspondence: sir or madam; or in documentation, such as a receipt: valued customer (also encountered with the reading jōsama)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "term-of-address"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "うえさま"
    },
    {
      "other": "うえさま"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɯ̟e̞sa̠ma̠]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Japanese honorifics#Ue",
    "ja:上様"
  ],
  "word": "上様"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "上",
        "3": "様",
        "sort": "うえさま",
        "t1": "up, above",
        "t2": "state, condition, way",
        "tr1": "ue",
        "tr2": "sama"
      },
      "expansion": "上 (ue, “up, above”) + 様 (-sama, “state, condition, way”)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sama",
        "2": "zama",
        "sort": "うえざま"
      },
      "expansion": "The sama changes to zama as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
      "name": "rendaku2"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compound of 上 (ue, “up, above”) + 様 (-sama, “state, condition, way”). The sama changes to zama as an instance of rendaku (連濁).\nCited to the 宇治拾遺物語 (Uji Shūi Monogatari) of the 1200s.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "上様",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "上",
          "うえ"
        ],
        [
          "様",
          "ざま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uezama",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ufezama",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "うへざま",
      "roman": "ufezama",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "うえざま",
        "hhira": "うへざま"
      },
      "expansion": "上(うえ)様(ざま) • (uezama) ^(←うへざま (ufezama)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "下"
        },
        {
          "word": "下の方"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with rendaku",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "up, the upward direction"
      ],
      "id": "en-上様-ja-noun-8vHf2IXn",
      "links": [
        [
          "up",
          "up"
        ],
        [
          "upward",
          "upward"
        ],
        [
          "direction",
          "direction"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, possibly obsolete) up, the upward direction"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "上"
        },
        {
          "word": "上の方"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "obsolete",
        "possibly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɯ̟e̞za̠ma̠]"
    },
    {
      "other": "うえさま"
    },
    {
      "other": "うえさま"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɯ̟e̞sa̠ma̠]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Japanese honorifics#Ue",
    "Uji Shūi Monogatari",
    "ja:上様",
    "ja:宇治拾遺物語"
  ],
  "word": "上様"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 5,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "上",
        "3": "様",
        "pos2": "honorific suffix",
        "sort": "かみさま",
        "t1": "upper, above",
        "tr1": "kami",
        "tr2": "sama"
      },
      "expansion": "上 (kami, “upper, above”) + 様 (-sama, honorific suffix)",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compound of 上 (kami, “upper, above”) + 様 (-sama, honorific suffix).\nCited to the 義経記 (Gikeiki) of roughly the mid-1300s.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "上様",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "上",
          "かみ"
        ],
        [
          "様",
          "さま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kamisama",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "かみさま"
      },
      "expansion": "上(かみ)様(さま) • (kamisama)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 16 4 16 15 14 4 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 7 15 14 13 7 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 20 6 12 12 11 6 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 18 3 22 19 18 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms suffixed with 様",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 11 6 14 23 23 6 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 18 2 17 14 14 2 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 7 14 14 13 7 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 17 1 17 16 16 1 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 1 16 17 17 1 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "form of address or reference for the wife of a daimyo, lord, or other individual of high social status: honored superior, milady"
      ],
      "id": "en-上様-ja-noun-oVuV-~Xw",
      "links": [
        [
          "wife",
          "wife#English"
        ],
        [
          "daimyo",
          "daimyo#English"
        ],
        [
          "lord",
          "lord#English"
        ],
        [
          "honored",
          "honored"
        ],
        [
          "superior",
          "superior"
        ],
        [
          "milady",
          "milady"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, possibly obsolete)",
        "(honorific, address) form of address or reference for the wife of a daimyo, lord, or other individual of high social status: honored superior, milady"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "奥方"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "honorific",
        "obsolete",
        "possibly",
        "term-of-address"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 16 4 16 15 14 4 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 7 15 14 13 7 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 20 6 12 12 11 6 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 18 3 22 19 18 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms suffixed with 様",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 11 6 14 23 23 6 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 18 2 17 14 14 2 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 7 14 14 13 7 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 17 1 17 16 16 1 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 1 16 17 17 1 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "during the Edo period, form of address or reference for a widow or elderly mother of a household of good social standing"
      ],
      "id": "en-上様-ja-noun-sobkVk37",
      "links": [
        [
          "Edo period",
          "w:Edo period"
        ],
        [
          "widow",
          "widow#English"
        ],
        [
          "elderly",
          "elderly#English"
        ],
        [
          "mother",
          "mother#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific, address) during the Edo period, form of address or reference for a widow or elderly mother of a household of good social standing"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "english": "widow, [[dowager]]",
          "word": "後室様"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "term-of-address"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 16 4 16 15 14 4 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 7 15 14 13 7 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 20 6 12 12 11 6 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 18 3 22 19 18 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms suffixed with 様",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 11 6 14 23 23 6 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 18 2 17 14 14 2 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 7 14 14 13 7 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 17 1 17 16 16 1 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 1 16 17 17 1 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "during the Edo period, form of address or reference used by townsfolk for someone else's wife or mother"
      ],
      "id": "en-上様-ja-noun-k0hyWdIb",
      "links": [
        [
          "Edo period",
          "w:Edo period"
        ],
        [
          "townsfolk",
          "townsfolk#English"
        ],
        [
          "wife",
          "wife#English"
        ],
        [
          "mother",
          "mother#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific, address) during the Edo period, form of address or reference used by townsfolk for someone else's wife or mother"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "おかみさん"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "term-of-address"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ka̠mʲisa̠ma̠]"
    },
    {
      "other": "うえさま"
    },
    {
      "other": "うえさま"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɯ̟e̞sa̠ma̠]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Gikeiki",
    "Japanese honorifics#Ue",
    "ja:上様",
    "ja:義経記"
  ],
  "word": "上様"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 6,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "上",
        "3": "様",
        "sort": "かみざま",
        "t1": "upper, above",
        "t2": "state, condition, way",
        "tr1": "kami",
        "tr2": "sama"
      },
      "expansion": "上 (kami, “upper, above”) + 様 (-sama, “state, condition, way”)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sama",
        "2": "zama",
        "sort": "かみざま"
      },
      "expansion": "The sama changes to zama as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
      "name": "rendaku2"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compound of 上 (kami, “upper, above”) + 様 (-sama, “state, condition, way”). The sama changes to zama as an instance of rendaku (連濁).\nCited to 枕草子 (The Pillow Book) of roughly 1000 CE.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "上様",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "上",
          "かみ"
        ],
        [
          "様",
          "ざま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kamizama",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "かみざま"
      },
      "expansion": "上(かみ)様(ざま) • (kamizama)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "下様"
        },
        {
          "word": "下"
        },
        {
          "word": "下の方"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with rendaku",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "kamisan",
          "word": "かみさん"
        },
        {
          "roman": "okamisan",
          "word": "おかみさん"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "up, the upward direction"
      ],
      "id": "en-上様-ja-noun-8vHf2IXn1",
      "links": [
        [
          "up",
          "up"
        ],
        [
          "upward",
          "upward"
        ],
        [
          "direction",
          "direction"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, possibly obsolete) up, the upward direction"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "上"
        },
        {
          "word": "上の方"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "obsolete",
        "possibly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ka̠mʲiza̠ma̠]"
    },
    {
      "other": "うえさま"
    },
    {
      "other": "うえさま"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɯ̟e̞sa̠ma̠]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Japanese honorifics#Ue",
    "The Pillow Book",
    "ja:上様",
    "ja:枕草子"
  ],
  "word": "上様"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 7,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "上",
        "3": "様",
        "pos2": "honorific suffix",
        "sort": "しょうさま'",
        "t1": "top-class, the best",
        "tr1": "jō",
        "tr2": "sama"
      },
      "expansion": "上 (jō, “top-class, the best”) + 様 (sama, honorific suffix)",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compound of 上 (jō, “top-class, the best”) + 様 (sama, honorific suffix).\nLikely a shift from uesama, replacing the 訓読み (kun'yomi) of ue with the 音読み (on'yomi) of jō. Possibly influenced by homophone 嬢様 (jōsama, “princess”, honorific term of reference for someone else's daughter).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "上様",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "上",
          "じょう"
        ],
        [
          "様",
          "さま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jōsama",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zyausama",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "じやうさま",
      "roman": "zyausama",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "じょうさま",
        "hhira": "じやうさま"
      },
      "expansion": "上(じょう)様(さま) • (jōsama) ^(←じやうさま (zyausama)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "redirects": [
    "上げ様"
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 16 4 16 15 14 4 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 7 15 14 13 7 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 20 6 12 12 11 6 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 11 6 14 23 23 6 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 18 2 17 14 14 2 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 7 14 14 13 7 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 17 1 17 16 16 1 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 1 16 17 17 1 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 40 0 8 9 0 0 39",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Female",
          "orig": "ja:Female",
          "parents": [
            "Gender",
            "Biology",
            "Psychology",
            "Sociology",
            "Sciences",
            "Social sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Society",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "form of address or reference in formal correspondence: dear sir or madam; or in documentation, such as a receipt: valued customer (also encountered with the reading uesama)"
      ],
      "id": "en-上様-ja-noun-uZX8WtXS",
      "links": [
        [
          "correspondence",
          "correspondence#English"
        ],
        [
          "dear sir or madam",
          "dear sir"
        ],
        [
          "receipt",
          "receipt#English"
        ],
        [
          "valued",
          "valued"
        ],
        [
          "customer",
          "customer"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific, address) form of address or reference in formal correspondence: dear sir or madam; or in documentation, such as a receipt: valued customer (also encountered with the reading uesama)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "term-of-address"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "じょーさま"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d͡ʑo̞ːsa̠ma̠]"
    },
    {
      "other": "うえさま"
    },
    {
      "other": "うえさま"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɯ̟e̞sa̠ma̠]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Japanese honorifics#Ue",
    "ja:上様"
  ],
  "word": "上様"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese compound terms",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms suffixed with 様",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "ja:Female",
    "ja:Monarchy",
    "ja:Nobility"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "上様",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "上",
          "うえ"
        ],
        [
          "様",
          "さま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uesama",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ufesama",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "うへさま",
      "roman": "ufesama",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "うえさま",
        "hhira": "うへさま"
      },
      "expansion": "上(うえ)様(さま) • (uesama) ^(←うへさま (ufesama)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese honorific terms",
        "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Maybe you misheard it for Uesugi-san or something?",
          "ref": "2006 November 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)百(ひゃく)二(に)十(じゅう)八(はち)訓(くん) 運(うん)に身(み)分(ぶん)は関(かん)係(けい)ない [Lesson 128: Luck Has Nothing to Do with Social Status]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Uesugi-san toka kiki machigaeta no de wa nai ka",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "上",
              "うえ"
            ],
            [
              "杉",
              "すぎ"
            ],
            [
              "間",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "違",
              "ちが"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "上杉さんとかきき間違えたのではないか",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "Maybe you misheard it for Uesugi-san or something?",
          "ref": "2006 November 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)百(ひゃく)二(に)十(じゅう)八(はち)訓(くん) 運(うん)に身(み)分(ぶん)は関(かん)係(けい)ない [Lesson 128: Luck Has Nothing to Do with Social Status]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Uesugi-san toka kiki machigaeta no de wa nai ka",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "上",
              "うえ"
            ],
            [
              "杉",
              "すぎ"
            ],
            [
              "間",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "違",
              "ちが"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "上杉さんとかきき間違えたのではないか",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "Maybe you misheard it for Uesugi-san or something?",
          "ref": "2006 November 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)百(ひゃく)二(に)十(じゅう)八(はち)訓(くん) 運(うん)に身(み)分(ぶん)は関(かん)係(けい)ない [Lesson 128: Luck Has Nothing to Do with Social Status]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Uesugi-san toka kiki machigaeta no de wa nai ka",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "上",
              "うえ"
            ],
            [
              "杉",
              "すぎ"
            ],
            [
              "間",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "違",
              "ちが"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "上杉さんとかきき間違えたのではないか",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "Maybe you misheard it for Uesugi-san or something?",
          "ref": "2006 November 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)百(ひゃく)二(に)十(じゅう)八(はち)訓(くん) 運(うん)に身(み)分(ぶん)は関(かん)係(けい)ない [Lesson 128: Luck Has Nothing to Do with Social Status]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Uesugi-san toka kiki machigaeta no de wa nai ka",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "上",
              "うえ"
            ],
            [
              "杉",
              "すぎ"
            ],
            [
              "間",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "違",
              "ちが"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "上杉さんとかきき間違えたのではないか",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "Maybe you misheard it for Uesugi-san or something?",
          "ref": "2006 November 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)百(ひゃく)二(に)十(じゅう)八(はち)訓(くん) 運(うん)に身(み)分(ぶん)は関(かん)係(けい)ない [Lesson 128: Luck Has Nothing to Do with Social Status]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Uesugi-san toka kiki machigaeta no de wa nai ka",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "上",
              "うえ"
            ],
            [
              "杉",
              "すぎ"
            ],
            [
              "間",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "違",
              "ちが"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "上杉さんとかきき間違えたのではないか",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "Maybe you misheard it for Uesugi-san or something?",
          "ref": "2006 November 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)百(ひゃく)二(に)十(じゅう)八(はち)訓(くん) 運(うん)に身(み)分(ぶん)は関(かん)係(けい)ない [Lesson 128: Luck Has Nothing to Do with Social Status]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Uesugi-san toka kiki machigaeta no de wa nai ka",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "上",
              "うえ"
            ],
            [
              "杉",
              "すぎ"
            ],
            [
              "間",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "違",
              "ちが"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "上杉さんとかきき間違えたのではないか",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "Maybe you misheard it for Uesugi-san or something?",
          "ref": "2006 November 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)百(ひゃく)二(に)十(じゅう)八(はち)訓(くん) 運(うん)に身(み)分(ぶん)は関(かん)係(けい)ない [Lesson 128: Luck Has Nothing to Do with Social Status]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Uesugi-san toka kiki machigaeta no de wa nai ka",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "上",
              "うえ"
            ],
            [
              "杉",
              "すぎ"
            ],
            [
              "間",
              "ま"
            ],
            [
              "違",
              "ちが"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "上杉さんとかきき間違えたのではないか",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "form of address or reference for an emperor, shogun, or other individual of high social status: noble superior, Majesty, Highness, lordship"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "emperor",
          "emperor#English"
        ],
        [
          "shogun",
          "shogun#English"
        ],
        [
          "noble",
          "noble"
        ],
        [
          "superior",
          "superior"
        ],
        [
          "Majesty",
          "Majesty"
        ],
        [
          "Highness",
          "Highness"
        ],
        [
          "lordship",
          "lordship"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific, address) form of address or reference for an emperor, shogun, or other individual of high social status: noble superior, Majesty, Highness, lordship"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "term-of-address"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese honorific terms",
        "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "From the Earth Defense Force\nDear Sir or Madam",
          "ref": "2005 December 7, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)八(はち)十(じゅう)一(いち)訓(くん) 扇(せん)風(ぷう)機(き)つけっぱなしで寝(ね)ちゃうとお腹(おか)こわしちゃうから気(き)を付(つ)けて [Lesson 81: Be Careful When Sleeping with the Fan on or You’ll Get a Stomachache]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 15 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:",
          "roman": "Chikyū Bōeigun yori\nUe-sama e",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "地",
              "ち"
            ],
            [
              "球",
              "きゅう"
            ],
            [
              "防",
              "ぼう"
            ],
            [
              "衛",
              "えい"
            ],
            [
              "軍",
              "ぐん"
            ],
            [
              "上",
              "うえ"
            ],
            [
              "様",
              "さま"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "地球防衛軍より\n上様へ",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "form of address or reference in formal correspondence: sir or madam; or in documentation, such as a receipt: valued customer (also encountered with the reading jōsama)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "correspondence",
          "correspondence#English"
        ],
        [
          "sir",
          "sir"
        ],
        [
          "madam",
          "madam"
        ],
        [
          "receipt",
          "receipt#English"
        ],
        [
          "valued",
          "valued"
        ],
        [
          "customer",
          "customer"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific, address) form of address or reference in formal correspondence: sir or madam; or in documentation, such as a receipt: valued customer (also encountered with the reading jōsama)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "term-of-address"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "うえさま"
    },
    {
      "other": "うえさま"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɯ̟e̞sa̠ma̠]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Japanese honorifics#Ue",
    "ja:上様"
  ],
  "word": "上様"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese compound terms",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms suffixed with 様",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with rendaku",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "ja:Female",
    "ja:Monarchy",
    "ja:Nobility"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "上",
        "3": "様",
        "sort": "うえさま",
        "t1": "up, above",
        "t2": "state, condition, way",
        "tr1": "ue",
        "tr2": "sama"
      },
      "expansion": "上 (ue, “up, above”) + 様 (-sama, “state, condition, way”)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sama",
        "2": "zama",
        "sort": "うえざま"
      },
      "expansion": "The sama changes to zama as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
      "name": "rendaku2"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compound of 上 (ue, “up, above”) + 様 (-sama, “state, condition, way”). The sama changes to zama as an instance of rendaku (連濁).\nCited to the 宇治拾遺物語 (Uji Shūi Monogatari) of the 1200s.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "上様",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "上",
          "うえ"
        ],
        [
          "様",
          "ざま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uezama",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ufezama",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "うへざま",
      "roman": "ufezama",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "うえざま",
        "hhira": "うへざま"
      },
      "expansion": "上(うえ)様(ざま) • (uezama) ^(←うへざま (ufezama)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "下"
        },
        {
          "word": "下の方"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with archaic senses",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "up, the upward direction"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "up",
          "up"
        ],
        [
          "upward",
          "upward"
        ],
        [
          "direction",
          "direction"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, possibly obsolete) up, the upward direction"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "上"
        },
        {
          "word": "上の方"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "obsolete",
        "possibly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɯ̟e̞za̠ma̠]"
    },
    {
      "other": "うえさま"
    },
    {
      "other": "うえさま"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɯ̟e̞sa̠ma̠]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Japanese honorifics#Ue",
    "Uji Shūi Monogatari",
    "ja:上様",
    "ja:宇治拾遺物語"
  ],
  "word": "上様"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese compound terms",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms suffixed with 様",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "ja:Female",
    "ja:Monarchy",
    "ja:Nobility"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 5,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "上",
        "3": "様",
        "pos2": "honorific suffix",
        "sort": "かみさま",
        "t1": "upper, above",
        "tr1": "kami",
        "tr2": "sama"
      },
      "expansion": "上 (kami, “upper, above”) + 様 (-sama, honorific suffix)",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compound of 上 (kami, “upper, above”) + 様 (-sama, honorific suffix).\nCited to the 義経記 (Gikeiki) of roughly the mid-1300s.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "上様",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "上",
          "かみ"
        ],
        [
          "様",
          "さま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kamisama",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "かみさま"
      },
      "expansion": "上(かみ)様(さま) • (kamisama)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese honorific terms",
        "Japanese terms with archaic senses",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "form of address or reference for the wife of a daimyo, lord, or other individual of high social status: honored superior, milady"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wife",
          "wife#English"
        ],
        [
          "daimyo",
          "daimyo#English"
        ],
        [
          "lord",
          "lord#English"
        ],
        [
          "honored",
          "honored"
        ],
        [
          "superior",
          "superior"
        ],
        [
          "milady",
          "milady"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, possibly obsolete)",
        "(honorific, address) form of address or reference for the wife of a daimyo, lord, or other individual of high social status: honored superior, milady"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "奥方"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "honorific",
        "obsolete",
        "possibly",
        "term-of-address"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese honorific terms",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "during the Edo period, form of address or reference for a widow or elderly mother of a household of good social standing"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Edo period",
          "w:Edo period"
        ],
        [
          "widow",
          "widow#English"
        ],
        [
          "elderly",
          "elderly#English"
        ],
        [
          "mother",
          "mother#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific, address) during the Edo period, form of address or reference for a widow or elderly mother of a household of good social standing"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "english": "widow, [[dowager]]",
          "word": "後室様"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "term-of-address"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese honorific terms",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "during the Edo period, form of address or reference used by townsfolk for someone else's wife or mother"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Edo period",
          "w:Edo period"
        ],
        [
          "townsfolk",
          "townsfolk#English"
        ],
        [
          "wife",
          "wife#English"
        ],
        [
          "mother",
          "mother#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific, address) during the Edo period, form of address or reference used by townsfolk for someone else's wife or mother"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "おかみさん"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "term-of-address"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ka̠mʲisa̠ma̠]"
    },
    {
      "other": "うえさま"
    },
    {
      "other": "うえさま"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɯ̟e̞sa̠ma̠]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Gikeiki",
    "Japanese honorifics#Ue",
    "ja:上様",
    "ja:義経記"
  ],
  "word": "上様"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese compound terms",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms suffixed with 様",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with rendaku",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "ja:Female",
    "ja:Monarchy",
    "ja:Nobility"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "kamisan",
      "word": "かみさん"
    },
    {
      "roman": "okamisan",
      "word": "おかみさん"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 6,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "上",
        "3": "様",
        "sort": "かみざま",
        "t1": "upper, above",
        "t2": "state, condition, way",
        "tr1": "kami",
        "tr2": "sama"
      },
      "expansion": "上 (kami, “upper, above”) + 様 (-sama, “state, condition, way”)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sama",
        "2": "zama",
        "sort": "かみざま"
      },
      "expansion": "The sama changes to zama as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
      "name": "rendaku2"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compound of 上 (kami, “upper, above”) + 様 (-sama, “state, condition, way”). The sama changes to zama as an instance of rendaku (連濁).\nCited to 枕草子 (The Pillow Book) of roughly 1000 CE.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "上様",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "上",
          "かみ"
        ],
        [
          "様",
          "ざま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kamizama",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "かみざま"
      },
      "expansion": "上(かみ)様(ざま) • (kamizama)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "下様"
        },
        {
          "word": "下"
        },
        {
          "word": "下の方"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with archaic senses",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "up, the upward direction"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "up",
          "up"
        ],
        [
          "upward",
          "upward"
        ],
        [
          "direction",
          "direction"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, possibly obsolete) up, the upward direction"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "上"
        },
        {
          "word": "上の方"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "obsolete",
        "possibly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ka̠mʲiza̠ma̠]"
    },
    {
      "other": "うえさま"
    },
    {
      "other": "うえさま"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɯ̟e̞sa̠ma̠]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Japanese honorifics#Ue",
    "The Pillow Book",
    "ja:上様",
    "ja:枕草子"
  ],
  "word": "上様"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese compound terms",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "ja:Female",
    "ja:Monarchy",
    "ja:Nobility"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 7,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "上",
        "3": "様",
        "pos2": "honorific suffix",
        "sort": "しょうさま'",
        "t1": "top-class, the best",
        "tr1": "jō",
        "tr2": "sama"
      },
      "expansion": "上 (jō, “top-class, the best”) + 様 (sama, honorific suffix)",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compound of 上 (jō, “top-class, the best”) + 様 (sama, honorific suffix).\nLikely a shift from uesama, replacing the 訓読み (kun'yomi) of ue with the 音読み (on'yomi) of jō. Possibly influenced by homophone 嬢様 (jōsama, “princess”, honorific term of reference for someone else's daughter).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "上様",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "上",
          "じょう"
        ],
        [
          "様",
          "さま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jōsama",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zyausama",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "じやうさま",
      "roman": "zyausama",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "じょうさま",
        "hhira": "じやうさま"
      },
      "expansion": "上(じょう)様(さま) • (jōsama) ^(←じやうさま (zyausama)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "redirects": [
    "上げ様"
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese honorific terms",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "form of address or reference in formal correspondence: dear sir or madam; or in documentation, such as a receipt: valued customer (also encountered with the reading uesama)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "correspondence",
          "correspondence#English"
        ],
        [
          "dear sir or madam",
          "dear sir"
        ],
        [
          "receipt",
          "receipt#English"
        ],
        [
          "valued",
          "valued"
        ],
        [
          "customer",
          "customer"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific, address) form of address or reference in formal correspondence: dear sir or madam; or in documentation, such as a receipt: valued customer (also encountered with the reading uesama)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "term-of-address"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "じょーさま"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d͡ʑo̞ːsa̠ma̠]"
    },
    {
      "other": "うえさま"
    },
    {
      "other": "うえさま"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɯ̟e̞sa̠ma̠]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Japanese honorifics#Ue",
    "ja:上様"
  ],
  "word": "上様"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 上様 meaning in Japanese (19.5kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "上様"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "上様",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "上様"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "上様",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "上様"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "上様",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "上様"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "上様",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "上様"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "上様",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "上様"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "上様",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "上様"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "上様",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "上様"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "上様",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.