"あく" meaning in Japanese

See あく in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [a̠kɯ̟] Forms: aku [romanization]
Etymology: Likely derived from verb 飽きる・厭きる・倦きる (akiru), older form 飽く・厭く・倦く (aku, “to be full up; to be fully done; to tire of something, to have too much of something”). First cited to the 古今和歌集 (Kokin Wakashū) of the early 900s, where the term is used as a pun for the verb. The senses related to flavor and harshness arose from the practice of using lye in food processing to remove unpleasant flavors. The kanji spelling 灰汁 is an example of jukujikun, using the characters for 灰 (“ash”) and 汁 (“broth”) in reference to the practice of leaching wood ash in water to derive lye. Etymology templates: {{lang|ja|灰汁}} 灰汁 Head templates: {{ja-noun}} あく • (aku)
  1. lye, originally the clear alkaline liquid left after leaching wood ash in water
    Sense id: en-あく-ja-noun-tcT~teku
  2. scum, the coagulated proteins and fats that gather on the surface of a pot of boiling food
    Sense id: en-あく-ja-noun-dJBuoMCU Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 11 39 31 18 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 16 37 28 19 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 15 38 29 18 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 16 37 28 19 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 7 43 31 20 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 5 47 32 15
  3. components contained in vegetables that impart an acrid, astringent, or harsh flavor
    Sense id: en-あく-ja-noun-A4jMwe60
  4. アク: (by extension from the "flavor" sense) harshness as a characteristic of one's personality
    Sense id: en-あく-ja-noun-UNn-i4QJ
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: あくどい (akudoi) (english: gaudy, excessively garish; wily, unscrupulous, vicious)
Etymology number: 1

soft-redirect

  1. Tags: no-gloss
    Sense id: en-あく-ja-soft-redirect-47DEQpj8

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "gaudy, excessively garish; wily, unscrupulous, vicious",
      "roman": "akudoi",
      "word": "あくどい"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "灰汁"
      },
      "expansion": "灰汁",
      "name": "lang"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Likely derived from verb 飽きる・厭きる・倦きる (akiru), older form 飽く・厭く・倦く (aku, “to be full up; to be fully done; to tire of something, to have too much of something”).\nFirst cited to the 古今和歌集 (Kokin Wakashū) of the early 900s, where the term is used as a pun for the verb.\nThe senses related to flavor and harshness arose from the practice of using lye in food processing to remove unpleasant flavors.\nThe kanji spelling 灰汁 is an example of jukujikun, using the characters for 灰 (“ash”) and 汁 (“broth”) in reference to the practice of leaching wood ash in water to derive lye.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "aku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "あく • (aku)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "raw_tags": [],
          "roman": "kurenai ni someshi kokoro mo tanomarezu hito o aku ni wa utsuru tefu nari",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "紅",
              "くれなゐ"
            ],
            [
              "染",
              "そ"
            ],
            [
              "心",
              "こころ"
            ],
            [
              "人",
              "ひと"
            ],
            [
              "蝶",
              "てふ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "紅に染めし心もたのまれず人をあくにはうつる蝶なり",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lye, originally the clear alkaline liquid left after leaching wood ash in water"
      ],
      "id": "en-あく-ja-noun-tcT~teku",
      "links": [
        [
          "lye",
          "lye"
        ],
        [
          "alkaline",
          "alkaline"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 39 31 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 37 28 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 38 29 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 37 28 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 43 31 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 47 32 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "scum, the coagulated proteins and fats that gather on the surface of a pot of boiling food"
      ],
      "id": "en-あく-ja-noun-dJBuoMCU",
      "links": [
        [
          "scum",
          "scum"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "harshness is strong → strongly unpleasant [flavor], remove the harshness [as from vegetables]",
          "roman": "aku ga tsuyoi, aku o nuku",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "灰汁",
              "あく"
            ],
            [
              "強",
              "つよ"
            ],
            [
              "灰汁",
              "あく"
            ],
            [
              "抜",
              "ぬ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "灰汁が強い、灰汁を抜く",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "components contained in vegetables that impart an acrid, astringent, or harsh flavor"
      ],
      "id": "en-あく-ja-noun-A4jMwe60",
      "links": [
        [
          "component",
          "component"
        ],
        [
          "vegetable",
          "vegetable"
        ],
        [
          "acrid",
          "acrid"
        ],
        [
          "astringent",
          "astringent"
        ],
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "flavor",
          "flavor"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "a man with a harsh / overly strong / forceful / pushy personality",
          "roman": "aku no tsuyoi dansei",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "強",
              "つよ"
            ],
            [
              "男性",
              "だんせい"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "アクの強い男性",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "アク: (by extension from the \"flavor\" sense) harshness as a characteristic of one's personality"
      ],
      "id": "en-あく-ja-noun-UNn-i4QJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "アク",
          "アク#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "harshness",
          "harshness"
        ],
        [
          "personality",
          "personality"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "あく"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[a̠kɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Kokin Wakashū",
    "Nihon Kokugo Daijiten",
    "ja:古今和歌集"
  ],
  "word": "あく"
}

{
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "soft-redirect",
  "redirects": [
    "開く",
    "空く",
    "明く",
    "飽く",
    "厭く",
    "倦く",
    "悪",
    "握",
    "亜久",
    "阿久",
    "渥",
    "安久",
    "吾久",
    "愛玖",
    "愛紅"
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "id": "en-あく-ja-soft-redirect-47DEQpj8",
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "あく"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese hiragana",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "gaudy, excessively garish; wily, unscrupulous, vicious",
      "roman": "akudoi",
      "word": "あくどい"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "灰汁"
      },
      "expansion": "灰汁",
      "name": "lang"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Likely derived from verb 飽きる・厭きる・倦きる (akiru), older form 飽く・厭く・倦く (aku, “to be full up; to be fully done; to tire of something, to have too much of something”).\nFirst cited to the 古今和歌集 (Kokin Wakashū) of the early 900s, where the term is used as a pun for the verb.\nThe senses related to flavor and harshness arose from the practice of using lye in food processing to remove unpleasant flavors.\nThe kanji spelling 灰汁 is an example of jukujikun, using the characters for 灰 (“ash”) and 汁 (“broth”) in reference to the practice of leaching wood ash in water to derive lye.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "aku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "あく • (aku)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples",
        "Requests for translations of Japanese usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "raw_tags": [],
          "roman": "kurenai ni someshi kokoro mo tanomarezu hito o aku ni wa utsuru tefu nari",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "紅",
              "くれなゐ"
            ],
            [
              "染",
              "そ"
            ],
            [
              "心",
              "こころ"
            ],
            [
              "人",
              "ひと"
            ],
            [
              "蝶",
              "てふ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "紅に染めし心もたのまれず人をあくにはうつる蝶なり",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lye, originally the clear alkaline liquid left after leaching wood ash in water"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lye",
          "lye"
        ],
        [
          "alkaline",
          "alkaline"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "scum, the coagulated proteins and fats that gather on the surface of a pot of boiling food"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "scum",
          "scum"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "harshness is strong → strongly unpleasant [flavor], remove the harshness [as from vegetables]",
          "roman": "aku ga tsuyoi, aku o nuku",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "灰汁",
              "あく"
            ],
            [
              "強",
              "つよ"
            ],
            [
              "灰汁",
              "あく"
            ],
            [
              "抜",
              "ぬ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "灰汁が強い、灰汁を抜く",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "components contained in vegetables that impart an acrid, astringent, or harsh flavor"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "component",
          "component"
        ],
        [
          "vegetable",
          "vegetable"
        ],
        [
          "acrid",
          "acrid"
        ],
        [
          "astringent",
          "astringent"
        ],
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "flavor",
          "flavor"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "a man with a harsh / overly strong / forceful / pushy personality",
          "roman": "aku no tsuyoi dansei",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "強",
              "つよ"
            ],
            [
              "男性",
              "だんせい"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "アクの強い男性",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "アク: (by extension from the \"flavor\" sense) harshness as a characteristic of one's personality"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "アク",
          "アク#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "harshness",
          "harshness"
        ],
        [
          "personality",
          "personality"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "あく"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[a̠kɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Kokin Wakashū",
    "Nihon Kokugo Daijiten",
    "ja:古今和歌集"
  ],
  "word": "あく"
}

{
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "soft-redirect",
  "redirects": [
    "開く",
    "空く",
    "明く",
    "飽く",
    "厭く",
    "倦く",
    "悪",
    "握",
    "亜久",
    "阿久",
    "渥",
    "安久",
    "吾久",
    "愛玖",
    "愛紅"
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "あく"
}

Download raw JSONL data for あく meaning in Japanese (3.7kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "あく"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "あく",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.