See 鍛える in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 鍛える meaning in Japanese (6.7kB)
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "鍛える",
"ruby": [
[
"鍛",
"きた"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaeru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛え",
"roman": "kitae",
"ruby": [
[
"鍛",
"きた"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えた",
"roman": "kitaeta",
"ruby": [
[
"鍛",
"きた"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛え",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kitae",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛える",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaeru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaeyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaerareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaerareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaeyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaemasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "きたえる",
"tr": "transitive",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "鍛(きた)える • (kitaeru) transitive ichidan (stem 鍛(きた)え (kitae), past 鍛(きた)えた (kitaeta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Metallurgy",
"orig": "ja:Metallurgy",
"parents": [
"Metals",
"Technology",
"Matter",
"All topics",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to forge, to train"
],
"id": "en-鍛える-ja-verb-hgms90Ix",
"links": [
[
"forge",
"forge"
],
[
"train",
"train"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "きたえる"
},
{
"ipa": "[kʲi̥ta̠e̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "鍛える"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "鍛える",
"ruby": [
[
"鍛",
"きた"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaeru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛え",
"roman": "kitae",
"ruby": [
[
"鍛",
"きた"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えた",
"roman": "kitaeta",
"ruby": [
[
"鍛",
"きた"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛え",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kitae",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛える",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaeru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaeyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaerareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaerareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaeyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaemasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛えれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "きたえれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kitaereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "きたえる",
"tr": "transitive",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "鍛(きた)える • (kitaeru) transitive ichidan (stem 鍛(きた)え (kitae), past 鍛(きた)えた (kitaeta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese type 2 verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"ja:Metallurgy"
],
"glosses": [
"to forge, to train"
],
"links": [
[
"forge",
"forge"
],
[
"train",
"train"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "きたえる"
},
{
"ipa": "[kʲi̥ta̠e̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "鍛える"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.