See 確証 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "確証",
"ruby": [
[
"確",
"かく"
],
[
"証",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かくしょう"
},
"expansion": "確(かく)証(しょう) • (kakushō)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "This \"decisive proof\" can not be external.",
"ref": "2023, 中山元, 労働の思想史, 株式会社平凡社, page 30:",
"roman": "Kono “kakushō” wa gaibu kara ataerareru koto wa dekinai.",
"ruby": [
[
"確",
"かく"
],
[
"証",
"しょう"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"部",
"ぶ"
],
[
"与",
"あた"
]
],
"text": "この「確証」は外部から与えられることはできない。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "We have a pretty good sense of who did it. The trouble is that we haven't managed to find a definitive piece of evidence.",
"ref": "1927, 小酒井不木, 玉振時計の秘密:",
"roman": "Hannin no kentō wa ōyoso tsuite iru keredo, kakushō ga agaranu kara komatte iru no dayo.",
"ruby": [
[
"犯",
"はん"
],
[
"人",
"にん"
],
[
"見",
"けん"
],
[
"当",
"とう"
],
[
"確",
"かく"
],
[
"証",
"しょう"
],
[
"困",
"こま"
]
],
"text": "犯人の見当はおおよそついているけれど、確証があがらぬから困っているのだよ。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"decisive proof; a proof beyond doubt"
],
"id": "en-確証-ja-noun-CgLRVdjj",
"links": [
[
"decisive",
"decisive"
],
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"doubt",
"doubt"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka̠kɯ̟ɕo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "確証"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "確証する",
"ruby": [
[
"確",
"かく"
],
[
"証",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "確証し",
"roman": "kakushō shi",
"ruby": [
[
"確",
"かく"
],
[
"証",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "確証した",
"roman": "kakushō shita",
"ruby": [
[
"確",
"かく"
],
[
"証",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "確証し",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうし",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō shi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "確証する",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうする",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō suru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "確証すれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうすれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō sure",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "確証せよ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "確証しろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうせよ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうしろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō seyo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō shiro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "確証される",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうされる",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō sareru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "確証させる",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "確証さす",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうさせる",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうさす",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō saseru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō sasu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "確証できる",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうできる",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō dekiru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "確証しよう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうしよう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō shiyō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "確証しない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうしない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō shinai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "確証せず",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうせず",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō sezu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "確証します",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうします",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō shimasu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "確証した",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō shita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "確証して",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうして",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō shite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "確証すれば",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうすれば",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō sureba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "However, we have little material to prove this hypothesis.",
"ref": "1943, Shuichi Goto (後藤守一), 服装史概説 [an overview of the history of clothing]:",
"roman": "Shikashi kono setsu o kakushō suru shiryō wa toboshī.",
"ruby": [
[
"説",
"せつ"
],
[
"確",
"かく"
],
[
"証",
"しょう"
],
[
"資",
"し"
],
[
"料",
"りょう"
],
[
"乏",
"とぼ"
]
],
"text": "しかしこの説を確証する資料は乏しい。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to prove beyond doubt; to verify"
],
"id": "en-確証-ja-verb-1RqHreHw",
"links": [
[
"prove",
"prove"
],
[
"verify",
"verify"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka̠kɯ̟ɕo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "確証"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "確証",
"ruby": [
[
"確",
"かく"
],
[
"証",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かくしょう"
},
"expansion": "確(かく)証(しょう) • (kakushō)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "This \"decisive proof\" can not be external.",
"ref": "2023, 中山元, 労働の思想史, 株式会社平凡社, page 30:",
"roman": "Kono “kakushō” wa gaibu kara ataerareru koto wa dekinai.",
"ruby": [
[
"確",
"かく"
],
[
"証",
"しょう"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"部",
"ぶ"
],
[
"与",
"あた"
]
],
"text": "この「確証」は外部から与えられることはできない。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "We have a pretty good sense of who did it. The trouble is that we haven't managed to find a definitive piece of evidence.",
"ref": "1927, 小酒井不木, 玉振時計の秘密:",
"roman": "Hannin no kentō wa ōyoso tsuite iru keredo, kakushō ga agaranu kara komatte iru no dayo.",
"ruby": [
[
"犯",
"はん"
],
[
"人",
"にん"
],
[
"見",
"けん"
],
[
"当",
"とう"
],
[
"確",
"かく"
],
[
"証",
"しょう"
],
[
"困",
"こま"
]
],
"text": "犯人の見当はおおよそついているけれど、確証があがらぬから困っているのだよ。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"decisive proof; a proof beyond doubt"
],
"links": [
[
"decisive",
"decisive"
],
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"doubt",
"doubt"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka̠kɯ̟ɕo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "確証"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "確証する",
"ruby": [
[
"確",
"かく"
],
[
"証",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "確証し",
"roman": "kakushō shi",
"ruby": [
[
"確",
"かく"
],
[
"証",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "確証した",
"roman": "kakushō shita",
"ruby": [
[
"確",
"かく"
],
[
"証",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "確証し",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうし",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō shi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "確証する",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうする",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō suru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "確証すれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうすれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō sure",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "確証せよ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "確証しろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうせよ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうしろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō seyo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō shiro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "確証される",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうされる",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō sareru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "確証させる",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "確証さす",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうさせる",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうさす",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō saseru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō sasu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "確証できる",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうできる",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō dekiru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "確証しよう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうしよう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō shiyō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "確証しない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうしない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō shinai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "確証せず",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうせず",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō sezu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "確証します",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうします",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō shimasu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "確証した",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō shita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "確証して",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうして",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō shite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "確証すれば",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "かくしょうすれば",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kakushō sureba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "However, we have little material to prove this hypothesis.",
"ref": "1943, Shuichi Goto (後藤守一), 服装史概説 [an overview of the history of clothing]:",
"roman": "Shikashi kono setsu o kakushō suru shiryō wa toboshī.",
"ruby": [
[
"説",
"せつ"
],
[
"確",
"かく"
],
[
"証",
"しょう"
],
[
"資",
"し"
],
[
"料",
"りょう"
],
[
"乏",
"とぼ"
]
],
"text": "しかしこの説を確証する資料は乏しい。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to prove beyond doubt; to verify"
],
"links": [
[
"prove",
"prove"
],
[
"verify",
"verify"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka̠kɯ̟ɕo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "確証"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 確証 meaning in Japanese (8.0kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"確証"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "確証",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"確証"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "確証",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"確証"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "確証",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"確証"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "確証",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"確証"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "確証",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"確証"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "確証",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"確証"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "確証",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.