See 片 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 片 meaning in Japanese (8.2kB)
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Grade 6 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "katana",
"ruby": [
[
"刀",
"かたな"
]
],
"word": "刀"
},
{
"ruby": [
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"仮",
"か"
],
[
"名",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"katakana"
],
"word": "片仮名"
},
{
"roman": "katamichi",
"ruby": [
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"道",
"みち"
]
],
"word": "片道"
},
{
"roman": "kataomoi",
"ruby": [
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"思",
"おも"
]
],
"word": "片思い"
}
],
"id": "en-片-ja-character-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"grade-6-kanji",
"kanji",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "片"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "かた"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*kata-",
"sort": "かた"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *kata-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oko",
"2": "-",
"w": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Korean",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oko",
"2": "一等",
"t": "one",
"tr": "*HAton",
"w": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Korean 一等 (*HAton, “one”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "方",
"2": "かた",
"3": "side, direction"
},
"expansion": "方(かた) (kata, “side, direction”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "片"
},
"expansion": "片",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "方"
},
"expansion": "方",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "肩",
"2": "かた",
"t": "shoulder"
},
"expansion": "肩(かた) (kata, “shoulder”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "傾げる",
"2": "かたげる",
"t": "to tilt, to incline"
},
"expansion": "傾(かた)げる (katageru, “to tilt, to incline”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "担げる",
"2": "かたげる",
"t": "to carry on one’s shoulder"
},
"expansion": "担(かた)げる (katageru, “to carry on one’s shoulder”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "勝つ",
"2": "かつ",
"3": "to win; to tend to"
},
"expansion": "勝(か)つ (katsu, “to win; to tend to”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "搗つ",
"2": "かつ",
"3": "to pound"
},
"expansion": "搗(か)つ (katsu, “to pound”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "且つ",
"2": "かつ",
"3": "besides; moreover; also; and"
},
"expansion": "且(か)つ (katsu, “besides; moreover; also; and”)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *kata-. First cited in the Nihon Shoki of 720.\nAlexander Vovin asserts it's a loanword from Old Korean; compare Old Korean 一等 (*HAton, “one”). However, Vovin's source for the Koreanic term is a document that is over 500 years newer than the first Japonic mention; it would have to be an even earlier borrowing into Japanese.\nJapanese sources describe this as cognate with 方(かた) (kata, “side, direction”). However, the pitch accents differ: compounds starting with 片 show accent in the Heian period, in contrast to 方, which is recorded with a accent instead, suggesting no direct relationship between the two.\nAlternatively, 肩(かた) (kata, “shoulder”) might be a more likely cognate given that term's matching accent and compounds also indicating homonymy: compare 傾(かた)げる (katageru, “to tilt, to incline”), 担(かた)げる (katageru, “to carry on one’s shoulder”). Also, accent comparison might support that this word derives from the verb root 勝(か)つ (katsu, “to win; to tend to”) or 搗(か)つ (katsu, “to pound”) (both have an accent), and adverb 且(か)つ (katsu, “besides; moreover; also; and”) which has an accent.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "片",
"ruby": [
[
"片",
"かた"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kata-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix",
"2": "かた"
},
"expansion": "片(かた) • (kata-)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "one hand, one half of the body",
"roman": "katate, katami",
"ruby": [
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"手",
"て"
],
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"身",
"み"
]
],
"text": "片手、片身"
}
],
"glosses": [
"one side or part of a pair or larger set"
],
"id": "en-片-ja-prefix-Gc3nKgps",
"links": [
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"part",
"part"
],
[
"pair",
"pair"
],
[
"set",
"set"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(prefixed to a noun) one side or part of a pair or larger set"
],
"raw_tags": [
"prefixed to a noun"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 3 4 3 5 8 0 8 1 0 5 3 8 4 7 8 5 2 0 0 2 7 1 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 36 7 22 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 44 5 23 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 44 5 23 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 8 40 4 27 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 8 39 4 27 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 43 5 23 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "one-sided thoughts / unrequited affection (as between two people), to lean to one side",
"roman": "kataomoi, katamukeru",
"ruby": [
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"思",
"おも"
],
[
"傾",
"かたむ"
]
],
"text": "片思い、傾ける"
}
],
"glosses": [
"one-sided"
],
"id": "en-片-ja-prefix-fp37hT-X",
"links": [
[
"one-sided",
"one-sided"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(prefixed to a noun or verb) one-sided"
],
"raw_tags": [
"prefixed to a noun or verb"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a small mountain, a short time, to smile slightly",
"roman": "katayama, katatoki, kataemu",
"ruby": [
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"山",
"やま"
],
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"時",
"とき"
],
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"笑",
"え"
]
],
"text": "片山、片時、片笑む"
}
],
"glosses": [
"incomplete, partial, small"
],
"id": "en-片-ja-prefix-A5EXMfe-",
"links": [
[
"incomplete",
"incomplete"
],
[
"partial",
"partial"
],
[
"small",
"small"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(prefixed to a noun or verb) incomplete, partial, small"
],
"raw_tags": [
"prefixed to a noun or verb"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 3 4 3 5 8 0 8 1 0 5 3 8 4 7 8 5 2 0 0 2 7 1 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the remote countryside",
"roman": "katainaka",
"ruby": [
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"田舎",
"いなか"
]
],
"text": "片田舎"
}
],
"glosses": [
"leaning or trending that way (emphasizing the quality of the prefixed noun)"
],
"id": "en-片-ja-prefix-qrcLZJmG",
"links": [
[
"leaning",
"leaning"
],
[
"trending",
"trending"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(prefixed to a noun) leaning or trending that way (emphasizing the quality of the prefixed noun)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"prefixed to a noun"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to focus intently on doing one thing",
"roman": "katamaku",
"ruby": [
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"設",
"ま"
]
],
"text": "片設く"
}
],
"glosses": [
"frequently, intently, earnestly"
],
"id": "en-片-ja-prefix-1rn13r8c",
"links": [
[
"frequently",
"frequently"
],
[
"intently",
"intently"
],
[
"earnestly",
"earnestly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(prefixed to a verb, archaic) frequently, intently, earnestly"
],
"raw_tags": [
"prefixed to a verb"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ta̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Alexander Vovin",
"Heian period",
"Nihon Shoki",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "片"
}
{
"categories": [
"Grade 6 kanji",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading へん",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading へん",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading かた",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading ひら",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese prefixes",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 片",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "katana",
"ruby": [
[
"刀",
"かたな"
]
],
"word": "刀"
},
{
"ruby": [
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"仮",
"か"
],
[
"名",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"katakana"
],
"word": "片仮名"
},
{
"roman": "katamichi",
"ruby": [
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"道",
"みち"
]
],
"word": "片道"
},
{
"roman": "kataomoi",
"ruby": [
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"思",
"おも"
]
],
"word": "片思い"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"grade-6-kanji",
"kanji",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "片"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese prefixes",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 片",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "かた"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*kata-",
"sort": "かた"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *kata-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oko",
"2": "-",
"w": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Korean",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oko",
"2": "一等",
"t": "one",
"tr": "*HAton",
"w": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Korean 一等 (*HAton, “one”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "方",
"2": "かた",
"3": "side, direction"
},
"expansion": "方(かた) (kata, “side, direction”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "片"
},
"expansion": "片",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "方"
},
"expansion": "方",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "肩",
"2": "かた",
"t": "shoulder"
},
"expansion": "肩(かた) (kata, “shoulder”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "傾げる",
"2": "かたげる",
"t": "to tilt, to incline"
},
"expansion": "傾(かた)げる (katageru, “to tilt, to incline”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "担げる",
"2": "かたげる",
"t": "to carry on one’s shoulder"
},
"expansion": "担(かた)げる (katageru, “to carry on one’s shoulder”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "勝つ",
"2": "かつ",
"3": "to win; to tend to"
},
"expansion": "勝(か)つ (katsu, “to win; to tend to”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "搗つ",
"2": "かつ",
"3": "to pound"
},
"expansion": "搗(か)つ (katsu, “to pound”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "且つ",
"2": "かつ",
"3": "besides; moreover; also; and"
},
"expansion": "且(か)つ (katsu, “besides; moreover; also; and”)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *kata-. First cited in the Nihon Shoki of 720.\nAlexander Vovin asserts it's a loanword from Old Korean; compare Old Korean 一等 (*HAton, “one”). However, Vovin's source for the Koreanic term is a document that is over 500 years newer than the first Japonic mention; it would have to be an even earlier borrowing into Japanese.\nJapanese sources describe this as cognate with 方(かた) (kata, “side, direction”). However, the pitch accents differ: compounds starting with 片 show accent in the Heian period, in contrast to 方, which is recorded with a accent instead, suggesting no direct relationship between the two.\nAlternatively, 肩(かた) (kata, “shoulder”) might be a more likely cognate given that term's matching accent and compounds also indicating homonymy: compare 傾(かた)げる (katageru, “to tilt, to incline”), 担(かた)げる (katageru, “to carry on one’s shoulder”). Also, accent comparison might support that this word derives from the verb root 勝(か)つ (katsu, “to win; to tend to”) or 搗(か)つ (katsu, “to pound”) (both have an accent), and adverb 且(か)つ (katsu, “besides; moreover; also; and”) which has an accent.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "片",
"ruby": [
[
"片",
"かた"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kata-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix",
"2": "かた"
},
"expansion": "片(かた) • (kata-)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "one hand, one half of the body",
"roman": "katate, katami",
"ruby": [
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"手",
"て"
],
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"身",
"み"
]
],
"text": "片手、片身"
}
],
"glosses": [
"one side or part of a pair or larger set"
],
"links": [
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"part",
"part"
],
[
"pair",
"pair"
],
[
"set",
"set"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(prefixed to a noun) one side or part of a pair or larger set"
],
"raw_tags": [
"prefixed to a noun"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "one-sided thoughts / unrequited affection (as between two people), to lean to one side",
"roman": "kataomoi, katamukeru",
"ruby": [
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"思",
"おも"
],
[
"傾",
"かたむ"
]
],
"text": "片思い、傾ける"
}
],
"glosses": [
"one-sided"
],
"links": [
[
"one-sided",
"one-sided"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(prefixed to a noun or verb) one-sided"
],
"raw_tags": [
"prefixed to a noun or verb"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a small mountain, a short time, to smile slightly",
"roman": "katayama, katatoki, kataemu",
"ruby": [
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"山",
"やま"
],
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"時",
"とき"
],
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"笑",
"え"
]
],
"text": "片山、片時、片笑む"
}
],
"glosses": [
"incomplete, partial, small"
],
"links": [
[
"incomplete",
"incomplete"
],
[
"partial",
"partial"
],
[
"small",
"small"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(prefixed to a noun or verb) incomplete, partial, small"
],
"raw_tags": [
"prefixed to a noun or verb"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the remote countryside",
"roman": "katainaka",
"ruby": [
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"田舎",
"いなか"
]
],
"text": "片田舎"
}
],
"glosses": [
"leaning or trending that way (emphasizing the quality of the prefixed noun)"
],
"links": [
[
"leaning",
"leaning"
],
[
"trending",
"trending"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(prefixed to a noun) leaning or trending that way (emphasizing the quality of the prefixed noun)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"prefixed to a noun"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to focus intently on doing one thing",
"roman": "katamaku",
"ruby": [
[
"片",
"かた"
],
[
"設",
"ま"
]
],
"text": "片設く"
}
],
"glosses": [
"frequently, intently, earnestly"
],
"links": [
[
"frequently",
"frequently"
],
[
"intently",
"intently"
],
[
"earnestly",
"earnestly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(prefixed to a verb, archaic) frequently, intently, earnestly"
],
"raw_tags": [
"prefixed to a verb"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ta̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Alexander Vovin",
"Heian period",
"Nihon Shoki",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "片"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"片"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "片",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.