"活躍" meaning in Japanese

See 活躍 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Forms: 活躍 [canonical] (ruby: (かつ), (やく)), katsuyaku [romanization]
Head templates: {{ja-noun|かつやく}} 活(かつ)躍(やく) • (katsuyaku)
  1. activity, action
    Sense id: en-活躍-ja-noun-0dznYqA4

Verb

Forms: 活躍する [canonical] (ruby: (かつ), (やく)), katsuyaku suru [romanization], 活躍し [stem] (ruby: (かつ), (やく)), 活躍した [past] (ruby: (かつ), (やく)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 活躍し [error-unrecognized-form], かつやくし [error-unrecognized-form], katsuyaku shi [error-unrecognized-form], 活躍する [error-unrecognized-form], かつやくする [error-unrecognized-form], katsuyaku suru [error-unrecognized-form], 活躍すれ [error-unrecognized-form], かつやくすれ [error-unrecognized-form], katsuyaku sure [error-unrecognized-form], 活躍せよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], 活躍しろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], かつやくせよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], かつやくしろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], katsuyaku seyo [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], katsuyaku shiro [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], 活躍される [passive], かつやくされる [passive], katsuyaku sareru [passive], 活躍させる [causative], 活躍さす [causative], かつやくさせる [causative], かつやくさす [causative], katsuyaku saseru [causative], katsuyaku sasu [causative], 活躍できる [potential], かつやくできる [potential], katsuyaku dekiru [potential], 活躍しよう [volitional], かつやくしよう [volitional], katsuyaku shiyō [volitional], 活躍しない [negative], かつやくしない [negative], katsuyaku shinai [negative], 活躍せず [continuative, negative], かつやくせず [continuative, negative], katsuyaku sezu [continuative, negative], 活躍します [formal], かつやくします [formal], katsuyaku shimasu [formal], 活躍した [perfective], かつやくした [perfective], katsuyaku shita [perfective], 活躍して [conjunctive], かつやくして [conjunctive], katsuyaku shite [conjunctive], 活躍すれば [conditional, hypothetical], かつやくすれば [conditional, hypothetical], katsuyaku sureba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. to be active (in), to participate actively (in)
    Sense id: en-活躍-ja-verb-gXRCBKtI Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Japanese verbs without transitivity Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 21 79 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 7 93 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 6 94 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 7 93 Disambiguation of Japanese verbs without transitivity: 11 89

Download JSON data for 活躍 meaning in Japanese (6.3kB)

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "活躍",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "活",
          "かつ"
        ],
        [
          "躍",
          "やく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "かつやく"
      },
      "expansion": "活(かつ)躍(やく) • (katsuyaku)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "activity, action"
      ],
      "id": "en-活躍-ja-noun-0dznYqA4",
      "links": [
        [
          "activity",
          "activity"
        ],
        [
          "action",
          "action"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "活躍"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "活躍する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "活",
          "かつ"
        ],
        [
          "躍",
          "やく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍し",
      "roman": "katsuyaku shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "活",
          "かつ"
        ],
        [
          "躍",
          "やく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍した",
      "roman": "katsuyaku shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "活",
          "かつ"
        ],
        [
          "躍",
          "やく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "21 79",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 93",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 94",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 93",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 89",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be active (in), to participate actively (in)"
      ],
      "id": "en-活躍-ja-verb-gXRCBKtI",
      "links": [
        [
          "active",
          "active"
        ],
        [
          "participate",
          "participate"
        ],
        [
          "actively",
          "actively"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "活躍"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "活躍",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "活",
          "かつ"
        ],
        [
          "躍",
          "やく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "かつやく"
      },
      "expansion": "活(かつ)躍(やく) • (katsuyaku)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "activity, action"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "activity",
          "activity"
        ],
        [
          "action",
          "action"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "活躍"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "活躍する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "活",
          "かつ"
        ],
        [
          "躍",
          "やく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍し",
      "roman": "katsuyaku shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "活",
          "かつ"
        ],
        [
          "躍",
          "やく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍した",
      "roman": "katsuyaku shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "活",
          "かつ"
        ],
        [
          "躍",
          "やく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "活躍すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かつやくすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "katsuyaku sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be active (in), to participate actively (in)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "active",
          "active"
        ],
        [
          "participate",
          "participate"
        ],
        [
          "actively",
          "actively"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "活躍"
}
{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "活躍"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "活躍",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "活躍"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "活躍",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "活躍"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "活躍",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "活躍"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "活躍",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "活躍"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "活躍",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "活躍"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "活躍",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "活躍"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "活躍",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.