See 明るい in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "明る",
"3": "し",
"t1": "to brighten",
"t2": "adjectival suffix",
"tr1": "akaru",
"tr2": "shi"
},
"expansion": "明る (akaru, “to brighten”) + し (shi, “adjectival suffix”)",
"name": "com"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Appears to be a compound of Classical Japanese 明る (akaru, “to brighten”) + し (shi, “adjectival suffix”). This adjectival suffix forms a classical ク活用 (ku-katsuyō, “ku-adjective”).\nFirst attested in 1689.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "明るい",
"ruby": [
[
"明",
"あか"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "akarui",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "明るく",
"roman": "akaruku",
"ruby": [
[
"明",
"あか"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "明るかろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるかろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "akarukaro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "明るく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "akaruku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "明るい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "akarui",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "明るい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "akarui",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "明るけれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるけれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "akarukere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "明るかれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるかれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "akarukare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "明るくない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるくない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "akaruku nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "明るかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "akarukatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "明るくなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるくなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "akaruku nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "明るいです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるいです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "akarui desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "明るくないです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるくないです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "akaruku nai desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "明るかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "akarukatta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "明るくなかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるくなかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "akaruku nakatta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "明るくて",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるくて",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "akarukute",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "明るければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "akarukereba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "明るかったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるかったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "akarukattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "明るかろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるかろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "akarukarō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "明るく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "akaruku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "明るさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "akarusa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "あかるい",
"infl": "i"
},
"expansion": "明(あか)るい • (akarui) -i (adverbial 明(あか)るく (akaruku))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": "く",
"attributive": "い",
"conditional": "ければ",
"conjunctive": "くて",
"continuative": "く",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": "い です",
"formal_negative": "く ない です",
"formal_negative_past": "く なかった です",
"formal_past": "かった です",
"hypothetical": "けれ",
"imperative": "かれ",
"imperfective": "かろ",
"informal_negative": "く ない",
"informal_negative_past": "く なかった",
"informal_past": "かった",
"kana": "あかる",
"lemma": "明る",
"provisional": "かったら",
"terminal": "い",
"volitional": "かろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "くらい"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The bright sunshine illuminated the area.",
"roman": "Akarui hizashi ga atari o terashite ita.",
"ruby": [
[
"明",
"あか"
],
[
"日",
"ひ"
],
[
"差",
"ざ"
],
[
"照",
"て"
]
],
"text": "明るい日差しがあたりを照らしていた。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bright, light, luminous"
],
"id": "en-明るい-ja-adj-b9DUhd9k",
"links": [
[
"bright",
"bright"
],
[
"light",
"light"
],
[
"luminous",
"luminous"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "69 31",
"roman": "senmei",
"ruby": [
[
"鮮",
"せん"
],
[
"明",
"めい"
]
],
"sense": "bright",
"word": "鮮明"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A cheerful voice answered the phone.",
"roman": "Denwa no mukō kara akarui koe ga kaette kita.",
"ruby": [
[
"電",
"でん"
],
[
"話",
"わ"
],
[
"向",
"む"
],
[
"明",
"あか"
],
[
"声",
"こえ"
],
[
"返",
"かえ"
]
],
"text": "電話の向こうから明るい声が返ってきた。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"merry, cheerful"
],
"id": "en-明るい-ja-adj-f4Qz0yVx",
"links": [
[
"merry",
"merry"
],
[
"cheerful",
"cheerful"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"roman": "yōki",
"sense": "merry",
"word": "陽気"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"roman": "niginigishī",
"sense": "merry",
"word": "賑々しい"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "あかるい"
},
{
"other": "あかるい"
},
{
"other": "あかるい"
},
{
"ipa": "[a̠ka̠ɾɯ̟i]"
},
{
"other": "[áꜜkàì]",
"tags": [
"Kyoto"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Classical Japanese",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
],
"word": "明るい"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese い-i adjectives",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "明る",
"3": "し",
"t1": "to brighten",
"t2": "adjectival suffix",
"tr1": "akaru",
"tr2": "shi"
},
"expansion": "明る (akaru, “to brighten”) + し (shi, “adjectival suffix”)",
"name": "com"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Appears to be a compound of Classical Japanese 明る (akaru, “to brighten”) + し (shi, “adjectival suffix”). This adjectival suffix forms a classical ク活用 (ku-katsuyō, “ku-adjective”).\nFirst attested in 1689.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "明るい",
"ruby": [
[
"明",
"あか"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "akarui",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "明るく",
"roman": "akaruku",
"ruby": [
[
"明",
"あか"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "明るかろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるかろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "akarukaro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "明るく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "akaruku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "明るい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "akarui",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "明るい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "akarui",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "明るけれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるけれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "akarukere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "明るかれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるかれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "akarukare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "明るくない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるくない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "akaruku nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "明るかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "akarukatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "明るくなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるくなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "akaruku nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "明るいです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるいです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "akarui desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "明るくないです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるくないです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "akaruku nai desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "明るかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "akarukatta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "明るくなかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるくなかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "akaruku nakatta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "明るくて",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるくて",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "akarukute",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "明るければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "akarukereba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "明るかったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるかったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "akarukattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "明るかろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるかろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "akarukarō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "明るく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "akaruku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "明るさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "あかるさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "akarusa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "あかるい",
"infl": "i"
},
"expansion": "明(あか)るい • (akarui) -i (adverbial 明(あか)るく (akaruku))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": "く",
"attributive": "い",
"conditional": "ければ",
"conjunctive": "くて",
"continuative": "く",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": "い です",
"formal_negative": "く ない です",
"formal_negative_past": "く なかった です",
"formal_past": "かった です",
"hypothetical": "けれ",
"imperative": "かれ",
"imperfective": "かろ",
"informal_negative": "く ない",
"informal_negative_past": "く なかった",
"informal_past": "かった",
"kana": "あかる",
"lemma": "明る",
"provisional": "かったら",
"terminal": "い",
"volitional": "かろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "くらい"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The bright sunshine illuminated the area.",
"roman": "Akarui hizashi ga atari o terashite ita.",
"ruby": [
[
"明",
"あか"
],
[
"日",
"ひ"
],
[
"差",
"ざ"
],
[
"照",
"て"
]
],
"text": "明るい日差しがあたりを照らしていた。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bright, light, luminous"
],
"links": [
[
"bright",
"bright"
],
[
"light",
"light"
],
[
"luminous",
"luminous"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A cheerful voice answered the phone.",
"roman": "Denwa no mukō kara akarui koe ga kaette kita.",
"ruby": [
[
"電",
"でん"
],
[
"話",
"わ"
],
[
"向",
"む"
],
[
"明",
"あか"
],
[
"声",
"こえ"
],
[
"返",
"かえ"
]
],
"text": "電話の向こうから明るい声が返ってきた。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"merry, cheerful"
],
"links": [
[
"merry",
"merry"
],
[
"cheerful",
"cheerful"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "あかるい"
},
{
"other": "あかるい"
},
{
"other": "あかるい"
},
{
"ipa": "[a̠ka̠ɾɯ̟i]"
},
{
"other": "[áꜜkàì]",
"tags": [
"Kyoto"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "senmei",
"ruby": [
[
"鮮",
"せん"
],
[
"明",
"めい"
]
],
"sense": "bright",
"word": "鮮明"
},
{
"roman": "yōki",
"sense": "merry",
"word": "陽気"
},
{
"roman": "niginigishī",
"sense": "merry",
"word": "賑々しい"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Classical Japanese",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
],
"word": "明るい"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 明るい meaning in Japanese (8.3kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"明るい"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "明るい",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.