See 怯える in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 怯える meaning in Japanese (6.6kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "脅かす",
"2": "おびやかす",
"3": "to frighten"
},
"expansion": "脅(おびや)かす (obiyakasu, “to frighten”)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare 脅(おびや)かす (obiyakasu, “to frighten”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "怯える",
"ruby": [
[
"怯",
"おび"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "obieru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "怯え",
"roman": "obie",
"ruby": [
[
"怯",
"おび"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えた",
"roman": "obieta",
"ruby": [
[
"怯",
"おび"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "怯え",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "obie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "怯える",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "obieru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "obiere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "obieyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "obiero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "obierareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "obiesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "obiesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "obierareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "obiereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "obieyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "obienai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "obienu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "obien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "obiezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "obiemasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "obieta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "obiete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "obiereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "おびえる",
"tr": "intrans",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "怯(おび)える • (obieru) intransitive ichidan (stem 怯(おび)え (obie), past 怯(おび)えた (obieta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be frightened"
],
"id": "en-怯える-ja-verb-Sz8XqjQR",
"links": [
[
"frightened",
"frightened"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "おびえる"
},
{
"other": "おびえる"
},
{
"ipa": "[o̞bʲie̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "怯える"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "脅かす",
"2": "おびやかす",
"3": "to frighten"
},
"expansion": "脅(おびや)かす (obiyakasu, “to frighten”)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare 脅(おびや)かす (obiyakasu, “to frighten”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "怯える",
"ruby": [
[
"怯",
"おび"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "obieru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "怯え",
"roman": "obie",
"ruby": [
[
"怯",
"おび"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えた",
"roman": "obieta",
"ruby": [
[
"怯",
"おび"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "怯え",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "obie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "怯える",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "obieru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "obiere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "obieyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "obiero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "obierareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "obiesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "obiesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "obierareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "obiereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "obieyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "obienai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "obienu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "obien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "obiezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "obiemasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "obieta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "obiete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "怯えれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "おびえれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "obiereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "おびえる",
"tr": "intrans",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "怯(おび)える • (obieru) intransitive ichidan (stem 怯(おび)え (obie), past 怯(おび)えた (obieta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms spelled with hyōgaiji kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Japanese type 2 verbs",
"Japanese verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to be frightened"
],
"links": [
[
"frightened",
"frightened"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "おびえる"
},
{
"other": "おびえる"
},
{
"ipa": "[o̞bʲie̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "怯える"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"怯える"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "怯える",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"怯える"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "怯える",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"怯える"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "怯える",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"怯える"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "怯える",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"怯える"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "怯える",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"怯える"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "怯える",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"怯える"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "怯える",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.