See 孤独 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "孤独",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"独",
"どく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独な",
"roman": "kodoku na",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"独",
"どく"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独に",
"roman": "kodoku ni",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"独",
"どく"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独だろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくだろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku daro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独だ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくだ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku da",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独な",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくな",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku nara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独であれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくであれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku de are",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独ではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独じゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくじゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku de wa nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku ja nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独だった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくだった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku datta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独ではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独じゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくじゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku de wa nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku ja nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独です",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独ではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独じゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくじゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku de wa arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku ja arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独でした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独ではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独じゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくじゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku de wa arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku ja arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku nara (ba)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独だったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくだったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku dattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独だろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくだろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku darō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokusa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"irrealis"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なり",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなり",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokuni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunari",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なり",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなり",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunari",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なる",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなる",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunaru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"realis"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独ならず",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくならず",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunarazu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なれど",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなれど",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunaredo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なれば",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなれば",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunareba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独ならば",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくならば",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunaraba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なりき",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなりき",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunariki",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なりけり",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなりけり",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunarikeri",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokuni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こどく",
"hhira": "こどく",
"infl": "な"
},
"expansion": "孤(こ)独(どく) • (kodoku) ^(←こどく (kodoku)?)-na (adnominal 孤(こ)独(どく)な (kodoku na), adverbial 孤(こ)独(どく)に (kodoku ni))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": ". に",
"attributive": ". な",
"conditional": ". なら（ば）",
"conjunctive": ". で",
"continuative": ". で",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": ". です",
"formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
"formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
"formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
"formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
"formal_past": ". でした",
"hypothetical": ". なら",
"imperative": ". で あれ",
"imperfective": ". だろ",
"informal_negative": ". で は ない",
"informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
"informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
"informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
"informal_past": ". だった",
"kana": "こどく",
"lemma": "孤独",
"provisional": ". だったら",
"terminal": ". だ",
"volitional": ". だろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "こどく",
"2": "adj-nar"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lonely"
],
"id": "en-孤独-ja-adj-HLD1qeOo",
"links": [
[
"lonely",
"lonely"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こどく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞do̞kɯ̟]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:孤独"
],
"word": "孤独"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kodokukan",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"独",
"どく"
],
[
"感",
"かん"
]
],
"word": "孤独感"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kodokushi",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"独",
"どく"
],
[
"死",
"し"
]
],
"word": "孤独死"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kodoku jigoku",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"独",
"どく"
],
[
"地",
"じ"
],
[
"獄",
"ごく"
]
],
"word": "孤独地獄"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "孤独",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"独",
"どく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "こどく",
"roman": "kodoku",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こどく",
"hhira": "こどく"
},
"expansion": "孤(こ)独(どく) • (kodoku) ^(←こどく (kodoku)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 47 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 49 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 49 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 49 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"loneliness"
],
"id": "en-孤独-ja-noun-48WVCmk4",
"links": [
[
"loneliness",
"loneliness"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 47 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 49 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 49 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 49 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"solitude"
],
"id": "en-孤独-ja-noun-AL3bNqYv",
"links": [
[
"solitude",
"solitude"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こどく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞do̞kɯ̟]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:孤独"
],
"word": "孤独"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese な-na adjectives",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "孤独",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"独",
"どく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独な",
"roman": "kodoku na",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"独",
"どく"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独に",
"roman": "kodoku ni",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"独",
"どく"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独だろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくだろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku daro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独だ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくだ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku da",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独な",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくな",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku nara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独であれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくであれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku de are",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独ではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独じゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくじゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku de wa nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku ja nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独だった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくだった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku datta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独ではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独じゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくじゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku de wa nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku ja nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独です",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独ではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独じゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくじゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku de wa arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku ja arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独でした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独ではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独じゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくじゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku de wa arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku ja arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku nara (ba)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独だったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくだったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku dattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独だろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくだろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku darō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokusa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"irrealis"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なり",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなり",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokuni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunari",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なり",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなり",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunari",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なる",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなる",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunaru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"realis"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独ならず",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくならず",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunarazu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なれど",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなれど",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunaredo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なれば",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなれば",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunareba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独ならば",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくならば",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunaraba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なりき",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなりき",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunariki",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独なりけり",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくなりけり",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokunarikeri",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "孤独に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "こどくに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "kodokuni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こどく",
"hhira": "こどく",
"infl": "な"
},
"expansion": "孤(こ)独(どく) • (kodoku) ^(←こどく (kodoku)?)-na (adnominal 孤(こ)独(どく)な (kodoku na), adverbial 孤(こ)独(どく)に (kodoku ni))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": ". に",
"attributive": ". な",
"conditional": ". なら（ば）",
"conjunctive": ". で",
"continuative": ". で",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": ". です",
"formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
"formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
"formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
"formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
"formal_past": ". でした",
"hypothetical": ". なら",
"imperative": ". で あれ",
"imperfective": ". だろ",
"informal_negative": ". で は ない",
"informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
"informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
"informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
"informal_past": ". だった",
"kana": "こどく",
"lemma": "孤独",
"provisional": ". だったら",
"terminal": ". だ",
"volitional": ". だろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "こどく",
"2": "adj-nar"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lonely"
],
"links": [
[
"lonely",
"lonely"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こどく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞do̞kɯ̟]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:孤独"
],
"word": "孤独"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese な-na adjectives",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kodokukan",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"独",
"どく"
],
[
"感",
"かん"
]
],
"word": "孤独感"
},
{
"roman": "kodokushi",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"独",
"どく"
],
[
"死",
"し"
]
],
"word": "孤独死"
},
{
"roman": "kodoku jigoku",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"独",
"どく"
],
[
"地",
"じ"
],
[
"獄",
"ごく"
]
],
"word": "孤独地獄"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "孤独",
"ruby": [
[
"孤",
"こ"
],
[
"独",
"どく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kodoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "こどく",
"roman": "kodoku",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こどく",
"hhira": "こどく"
},
"expansion": "孤(こ)独(どく) • (kodoku) ^(←こどく (kodoku)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"loneliness"
],
"links": [
[
"loneliness",
"loneliness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"solitude"
],
"links": [
[
"solitude",
"solitude"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こどく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞do̞kɯ̟]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:孤独"
],
"word": "孤独"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 孤独 meaning in Japanese (13.1kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"孤独"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "孤独",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"孤独"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "孤独",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2530",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: ^([1])Without auxiliary verb. ^([2])With auxiliary verb., style: text-align:left;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"孤独"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "孤独",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"孤独"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "孤独",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"孤独"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "孤独",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.