See 堅苦しい in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "堅苦しい",
"ruby": [
[
"堅",
"かた"
],
[
"苦",
"くる"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushii",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しく",
"roman": "katakurushiku",
"ruby": [
[
"堅",
"かた"
],
[
"苦",
"くる"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しかろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいかろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīkaro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しけれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいけれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīkere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しかれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいかれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīkare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しくない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいくない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīku nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīkatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しくなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいくなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīku nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しいです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいいです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīi desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しくないです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいくないです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīku nai desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīkatta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しくなかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいくなかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīku nakatta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しくて",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいくて",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīkute",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīkereba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しかったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいかったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīkattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しかろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいかろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīkarō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīsa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かたくるしい",
"infl": "i"
},
"expansion": "堅(かた)苦(くる)しい • (katakurushii) -i (adverbial 堅(かた)苦(くる)しく (katakurushiku))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": "く",
"attributive": "い",
"conditional": "ければ",
"conjunctive": "くて",
"continuative": "く",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": "い です",
"formal_negative": "く ない です",
"formal_negative_past": "く なかった です",
"formal_past": "かった です",
"hypothetical": "けれ",
"imperative": "かれ",
"imperfective": "かろ",
"informal_negative": "く ない",
"informal_negative_past": "く なかった",
"informal_past": "かった",
"kana": "かたくるしい",
"lemma": "堅苦し",
"provisional": "かったら",
"terminal": "い",
"volitional": "かろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "stiff language",
"roman": "katakurushii kuchō",
"ruby": [
[
"堅苦",
"かたくる"
],
[
"口調",
"くちょう"
]
],
"text": "堅苦しい口調",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stiff, stilted, stuffy"
],
"id": "en-堅苦しい-ja-adj-ZVkQyvtm",
"links": [
[
"stiff",
"stiff"
],
[
"stilted",
"stilted"
],
[
"stuffy",
"stuffy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かたくるしい"
},
{
"other": "かたくるしい"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ta̠kɯ̟ɾɯ̟ɕiː]"
}
],
"word": "堅苦しい"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "堅苦しい",
"ruby": [
[
"堅",
"かた"
],
[
"苦",
"くる"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushii",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しく",
"roman": "katakurushiku",
"ruby": [
[
"堅",
"かた"
],
[
"苦",
"くる"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しかろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいかろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīkaro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しけれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいけれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīkere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しかれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいかれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīkare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しくない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいくない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīku nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīkatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しくなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいくなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīku nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しいです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいいです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīi desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しくないです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいくないです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīku nai desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīkatta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しくなかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいくなかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīku nakatta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しくて",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいくて",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīkute",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīkereba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しかったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいかったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīkattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しかろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいかろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīkarō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "堅苦しさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくるしいさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "katakurushīsa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かたくるしい",
"infl": "i"
},
"expansion": "堅(かた)苦(くる)しい • (katakurushii) -i (adverbial 堅(かた)苦(くる)しく (katakurushiku))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": "く",
"attributive": "い",
"conditional": "ければ",
"conjunctive": "くて",
"continuative": "く",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": "い です",
"formal_negative": "く ない です",
"formal_negative_past": "く なかった です",
"formal_past": "かった です",
"hypothetical": "けれ",
"imperative": "かれ",
"imperfective": "かろ",
"informal_negative": "く ない",
"informal_negative_past": "く なかった",
"informal_past": "かった",
"kana": "かたくるしい",
"lemma": "堅苦し",
"provisional": "かったら",
"terminal": "い",
"volitional": "かろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with usage examples",
"Japanese い-i adjectives",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "stiff language",
"roman": "katakurushii kuchō",
"ruby": [
[
"堅苦",
"かたくる"
],
[
"口調",
"くちょう"
]
],
"text": "堅苦しい口調",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stiff, stilted, stuffy"
],
"links": [
[
"stiff",
"stiff"
],
[
"stilted",
"stilted"
],
[
"stuffy",
"stuffy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かたくるしい"
},
{
"other": "かたくるしい"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ta̠kɯ̟ɾɯ̟ɕiː]"
}
],
"word": "堅苦しい"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 堅苦しい meaning in Japanese (7.3kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"堅苦しい"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "堅苦しい",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.