See 卑俗 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "卑俗",
"ruby": [
[
"卑",
"ひ"
],
[
"俗",
"ぞく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ひぞく"
},
"expansion": "卑(ひ)俗(ぞく) • (hizoku)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"vulgarity"
],
"id": "en-卑俗-ja-noun-1nJmspQP",
"links": [
[
"vulgarity",
"vulgarity"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ひぞく"
},
{
"ipa": "[çizo̞kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "卑俗"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "卑俗",
"ruby": [
[
"卑",
"ひ"
],
[
"俗",
"ぞく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗な",
"roman": "hizoku na",
"ruby": [
[
"卑",
"ひ"
],
[
"俗",
"ぞく"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗に",
"roman": "hizoku ni",
"ruby": [
[
"卑",
"ひ"
],
[
"俗",
"ぞく"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗だろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくだろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku daro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗だ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくだ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku da",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗な",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくな",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗なら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくなら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku nara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗であれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくであれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku de are",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗ではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗じゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくじゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku de wa nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku ja nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗だった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくだった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku datta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗ではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗じゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくじゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku de wa nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku ja nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗です",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗ではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗じゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくじゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku de wa arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku ja arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗でした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗ではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗じゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくじゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku de wa arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku ja arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗なら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくなら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku nara (ba)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗だったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくだったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku dattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗だろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくだろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku darō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "hizokusa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ひぞく",
"infl": "na"
},
"expansion": "卑(ひ)俗(ぞく) • (hizoku) -na (adnominal 卑(ひ)俗(ぞく)な (hizoku na), adverbial 卑(ひ)俗(ぞく)に (hizoku ni))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": ". に",
"attributive": ". な",
"conditional": ". なら（ば）",
"conjunctive": ". で",
"continuative": ". で",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": ". です",
"formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
"formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
"formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
"formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
"formal_past": ". でした",
"hypothetical": ". なら",
"imperative": ". で あれ",
"imperfective": ". だろ",
"informal_negative": ". で は ない",
"informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
"informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
"informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
"informal_past": ". だった",
"kana": "ひぞく",
"lemma": "卑俗",
"provisional": ". だったら",
"terminal": ". だ",
"volitional": ". だろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vulgar, coarse"
],
"id": "en-卑俗-ja-adj-JEuOFqTC",
"links": [
[
"vulgar",
"vulgar"
],
[
"coarse",
"coarse"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ひぞく"
},
{
"ipa": "[çizo̞kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "卑俗"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese な-na adjectives",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "卑俗",
"ruby": [
[
"卑",
"ひ"
],
[
"俗",
"ぞく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ひぞく"
},
"expansion": "卑(ひ)俗(ぞく) • (hizoku)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"vulgarity"
],
"links": [
[
"vulgarity",
"vulgarity"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ひぞく"
},
{
"ipa": "[çizo̞kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "卑俗"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese な-na adjectives",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "卑俗",
"ruby": [
[
"卑",
"ひ"
],
[
"俗",
"ぞく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗な",
"roman": "hizoku na",
"ruby": [
[
"卑",
"ひ"
],
[
"俗",
"ぞく"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗に",
"roman": "hizoku ni",
"ruby": [
[
"卑",
"ひ"
],
[
"俗",
"ぞく"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗だろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくだろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku daro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗だ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくだ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku da",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗な",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくな",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗なら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくなら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku nara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗であれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくであれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku de are",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗ではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗じゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくじゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku de wa nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku ja nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗だった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくだった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku datta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗ではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗じゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくじゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku de wa nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku ja nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗です",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗ではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗じゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくじゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku de wa arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku ja arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗でした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗ではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗じゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくじゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku de wa arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku ja arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗なら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくなら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku nara (ba)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗だったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくだったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku dattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗だろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくだろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku darō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "hizoku ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "卑俗さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "ひぞくさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "hizokusa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ひぞく",
"infl": "na"
},
"expansion": "卑(ひ)俗(ぞく) • (hizoku) -na (adnominal 卑(ひ)俗(ぞく)な (hizoku na), adverbial 卑(ひ)俗(ぞく)に (hizoku ni))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": ". に",
"attributive": ". な",
"conditional": ". なら（ば）",
"conjunctive": ". で",
"continuative": ". で",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": ". です",
"formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
"formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
"formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
"formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
"formal_past": ". でした",
"hypothetical": ". なら",
"imperative": ". で あれ",
"imperfective": ". だろ",
"informal_negative": ". で は ない",
"informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
"informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
"informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
"informal_past": ". だった",
"kana": "ひぞく",
"lemma": "卑俗",
"provisional": ". だったら",
"terminal": ". だ",
"volitional": ". だろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"vulgar, coarse"
],
"links": [
[
"vulgar",
"vulgar"
],
[
"coarse",
"coarse"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ひぞく"
},
{
"ipa": "[çizo̞kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "卑俗"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 卑俗 meaning in Japanese (8.9kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"卑俗"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "卑俗",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"卑俗"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "卑俗",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (ce0be54 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.