See 伴う in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 伴う meaning in Japanese (10.5kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "伴ふ",
"2": "ともなふ"
},
"expansion": "伴(ともな)ふ (tomonafu)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "とも",
"2": "",
"3": "なふ",
"pos2": "verb-forming suffix",
"t1": "companion"
},
"expansion": "とも (tomo, “companion”) + なふ (nafu, verb-forming suffix)",
"name": "com-ja"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From classical yodan(四段活用) verb 伴(ともな)ふ (tomonafu), formed from とも (tomo, “companion”) + なふ (nafu, verb-forming suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "伴う",
"ruby": [
[
"伴",
"ともな"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonau",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "伴い",
"roman": "tomonai",
"ruby": [
[
"伴",
"ともな"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "伴った",
"roman": "tomonatta",
"ruby": [
[
"伴",
"ともな"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-go-u",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "伴わ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなわ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonawa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "伴い",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ともない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "伴う",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "伴え",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなえ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonae",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "伴われる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなわれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonawareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "伴わせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "伴わす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなわせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなわす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonawaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonawasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "伴える",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなえる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonaeru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "伴おう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなおう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonaō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "伴わない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなわない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonawanai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "伴わず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなわず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonawazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "伴います",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ともないます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonaimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "伴った",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなった",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonatta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "伴って",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなって",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonatte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "伴えば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなえば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonaeba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "伴は",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなは",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis"
]
},
{
"form": "伴ひ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなひ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "伴ふ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなふ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "伴ふ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなふ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "伴へ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなへ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis"
]
},
{
"form": "伴へ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなへ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "伴はず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなはず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "伴へど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなへど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafedo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "伴へば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなへば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafeba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "伴はば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなはば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafaba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "伴ひき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなひき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafiki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "伴ひけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなひけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafikeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "伴ひつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなひつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafitu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "伴ひぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなひぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafinu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "伴へり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "伴ひたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなへり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなひたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonaferi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafitari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "伴はむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなはむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafamu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ともなう",
"hhira": "ともなふ",
"tr": "intrans",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "伴(ともな)う • (tomonau) ^(←ともなふ (tomonafu)?)intransitive godan (stem 伴(ともな)い (tomonai), past 伴(ともな)った (tomonatta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ともな",
"2": "4-p"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Hardship always accompanies a season of hope.",
"ref": "2011, Barack Obama, 中東と北アフリカに関するバラク・オバマの演説, translation of \"Remarks by the President on the Middle East and North Africa\"",
"roman": "Kibō no kisetsu ni wa tsune ni kunan ga tomonatte iru.",
"ruby": [
[
"希望",
"きぼう"
],
[
"季節",
"きせつ"
],
[
"常",
"つね"
],
[
"苦難",
"くなん"
],
[
"伴",
"ともな"
]
],
"text": "希望の季節には常に苦難が伴っている。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to accompany"
],
"id": "en-伴う-ja-verb-KQes237K",
"links": [
[
"accompany",
"accompany"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ともなう"
},
{
"ipa": "[to̞mo̞na̠ɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "伴う"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "伴ふ",
"2": "ともなふ"
},
"expansion": "伴(ともな)ふ (tomonafu)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "とも",
"2": "",
"3": "なふ",
"pos2": "verb-forming suffix",
"t1": "companion"
},
"expansion": "とも (tomo, “companion”) + なふ (nafu, verb-forming suffix)",
"name": "com-ja"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From classical yodan(四段活用) verb 伴(ともな)ふ (tomonafu), formed from とも (tomo, “companion”) + なふ (nafu, verb-forming suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "伴う",
"ruby": [
[
"伴",
"ともな"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonau",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "伴い",
"roman": "tomonai",
"ruby": [
[
"伴",
"ともな"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "伴った",
"roman": "tomonatta",
"ruby": [
[
"伴",
"ともな"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-go-u",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "伴わ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなわ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonawa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "伴い",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ともない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "伴う",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "伴え",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなえ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonae",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "伴われる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなわれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonawareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "伴わせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "伴わす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなわせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなわす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonawaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonawasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "伴える",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなえる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonaeru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "伴おう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなおう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonaō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "伴わない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなわない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonawanai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "伴わず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなわず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonawazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "伴います",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ともないます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonaimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "伴った",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなった",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonatta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "伴って",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなって",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonatte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "伴えば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなえば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonaeba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "伴は",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなは",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis"
]
},
{
"form": "伴ひ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなひ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "伴ふ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなふ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "伴ふ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなふ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "伴へ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなへ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis"
]
},
{
"form": "伴へ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなへ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "伴はず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなはず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "伴へど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなへど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafedo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "伴へば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなへば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafeba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "伴はば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなはば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafaba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "伴ひき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなひき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafiki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "伴ひけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなひけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafikeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "伴ひつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなひつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafitu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "伴ひぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなひぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafinu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "伴へり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "伴ひたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなへり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなひたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonaferi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafitari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "伴はむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ともなはむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "tomonafamu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ともなう",
"hhira": "ともなふ",
"tr": "intrans",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "伴(ともな)う • (tomonau) ^(←ともなふ (tomonafu)?)intransitive godan (stem 伴(ともな)い (tomonai), past 伴(ともな)った (tomonatta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ともな",
"2": "4-p"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with usage examples",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Japanese type 1 verbs",
"Japanese verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Hardship always accompanies a season of hope.",
"ref": "2011, Barack Obama, 中東と北アフリカに関するバラク・オバマの演説, translation of \"Remarks by the President on the Middle East and North Africa\"",
"roman": "Kibō no kisetsu ni wa tsune ni kunan ga tomonatte iru.",
"ruby": [
[
"希望",
"きぼう"
],
[
"季節",
"きせつ"
],
[
"常",
"つね"
],
[
"苦難",
"くなん"
],
[
"伴",
"ともな"
]
],
"text": "希望の季節には常に苦難が伴っている。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to accompany"
],
"links": [
[
"accompany",
"accompany"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ともなう"
},
{
"ipa": "[to̞mo̞na̠ɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "伴う"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"伴う"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "伴う",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"伴う"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "伴う",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"伴う"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "伴う",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"伴う"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "伴う",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"伴う"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "伴う",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"伴う"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "伴う",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"伴う"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "伴う",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"伴う"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "伴う",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (384852d and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.