"んば" meaning in Japanese

See んば in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Particle

IPA: [mba̠] Forms: -nba [romanization]
Etymology: Shift from は (ha). First attested in 平家物語 (Heike Monogatari, “The Tale of the Heike”) of the early 1200s. /-ba/ → /-mba/ The は (ha) was probably originally the topic particle, also used in contrastive emphasis to indicate a conditional in certain constructions. Compare modern なくては (nakute wa). The nasal likely appeared due to the voicing of the negative auxiliary ず (zu) that often preceded the particle in this usage. Over time, this then became conflated with the regular conditional verb suffix ば (ba). Etymology templates: {{ja-r|は}} は (ha), {{ja-r|は}} は (ha), {{ja-r|なくて は}} なくては (nakute wa), {{ja-r|ず}} ず (zu), {{ja-r|ば}} ば (ba) Head templates: {{ja-pos|suffix}} んば • (-nba)
  1. (archaic) Alternative form of ば (-ba, “if”) Wikipedia link: Daijirin, Daijisen, The Tale of the Heike, ja:松村明 Tags: alt-of, alternative, archaic Alternative form of: (extra: -ba, “if”)

Alternative forms

Download JSONL data for んば meaning in Japanese (3.1kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "は"
      },
      "expansion": "は (ha)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "は"
      },
      "expansion": "は (ha)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "なくて は"
      },
      "expansion": "なくては (nakute wa)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ず"
      },
      "expansion": "ず (zu)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ば"
      },
      "expansion": "ば (ba)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Shift from は (ha). First attested in 平家物語 (Heike Monogatari, “The Tale of the Heike”) of the early 1200s.\n/-ba/ → /-mba/\nThe は (ha) was probably originally the topic particle, also used in contrastive emphasis to indicate a conditional in certain constructions. Compare modern なくては (nakute wa). The nasal likely appeared due to the voicing of the negative auxiliary ず (zu) that often preceded the particle in this usage. Over time, this then became conflated with the regular conditional verb suffix ば (ba).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-nba",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "んば • (-nba)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "-ba, “if”",
          "word": "ば"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "[[虎穴に入らずんば虎子を得ず|{{ja-x|虎%穴に入らずんば虎%子を得ず|こ%けつ に いらずんば こ%じ を えず|]]You cannot catch a tiger cub without entering a tiger's lair → nothing ventured, nothing gained}}"
        },
        {
          "english": "You cannot be respected without reputation.",
          "ref": "信用なくんば尊敬されないhttps://qq572vyd.wixsite.com/kyokushintodakukou/blank-4",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "信",
              "しん"
            ],
            [
              "用",
              "よう"
            ],
            [
              "尊",
              "そん"
            ],
            [
              "敬",
              "けい"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "shin'yō nakunba sonkei sarenai"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of ば (-ba, “if”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-んば-ja-particle-8CSLjwYR",
      "links": [
        [
          "ば",
          "ば#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "if",
          "if"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Alternative form of ば (-ba, “if”)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "archaic"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Daijirin",
        "Daijisen",
        "The Tale of the Heike",
        "ja:松村明"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[mba̠]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "んば"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "は"
      },
      "expansion": "は (ha)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "は"
      },
      "expansion": "は (ha)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "なくて は"
      },
      "expansion": "なくては (nakute wa)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ず"
      },
      "expansion": "ず (zu)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ば"
      },
      "expansion": "ば (ba)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Shift from は (ha). First attested in 平家物語 (Heike Monogatari, “The Tale of the Heike”) of the early 1200s.\n/-ba/ → /-mba/\nThe は (ha) was probably originally the topic particle, also used in contrastive emphasis to indicate a conditional in certain constructions. Compare modern なくては (nakute wa). The nasal likely appeared due to the voicing of the negative auxiliary ず (zu) that often preceded the particle in this usage. Over time, this then became conflated with the regular conditional verb suffix ば (ba).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-nba",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "んば • (-nba)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "-ba, “if”",
          "word": "ば"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Japanese hiragana",
        "Japanese lemmas",
        "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
        "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Japanese suffixes",
        "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Japanese terms with archaic senses",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "[[虎穴に入らずんば虎子を得ず|{{ja-x|虎%穴に入らずんば虎%子を得ず|こ%けつ に いらずんば こ%じ を えず|]]You cannot catch a tiger cub without entering a tiger's lair → nothing ventured, nothing gained}}"
        },
        {
          "english": "You cannot be respected without reputation.",
          "ref": "信用なくんば尊敬されないhttps://qq572vyd.wixsite.com/kyokushintodakukou/blank-4",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "信",
              "しん"
            ],
            [
              "用",
              "よう"
            ],
            [
              "尊",
              "そん"
            ],
            [
              "敬",
              "けい"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "shin'yō nakunba sonkei sarenai"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of ば (-ba, “if”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ば",
          "ば#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "if",
          "if"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Alternative form of ば (-ba, “if”)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "archaic"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Daijirin",
        "Daijisen",
        "The Tale of the Heike",
        "ja:松村明"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[mba̠]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "んば"
}
{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "んば"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "particle",
  "title": "んば",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (0f7b3ac and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.