"ちゅう" meaning in Japanese

See ちゅう in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adverb

Forms: chū [romanization]
Etymology: Onomatopoeia. Head templates: {{ja-pos|adverb}} ちゅう • (chū)
  1. Tags: no-gloss
    Sense id: en-ちゅう-ja-adv-47DEQpj8
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun

Forms: ちゅう [canonical], チュウ [canonical], チュー [canonical], chū [romanization]
Etymology: Ideophonic. Head templates: {{ja-noun|チュウ|チュー}} ちゅう or チュウ or チュー • (chū)
  1. (somewhat childish) a kiss Tags: childish Synonyms: キス, 口付け, 接吻
    Sense id: en-ちゅう-ja-noun-u~4YYF3y
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

Forms: chū [romanization]
Etymology: Onomatopoeia. Head templates: {{ja-noun}} ちゅう • (chū)
  1. a squeak (sound made by mice)
    Sense id: en-ちゅう-ja-noun-078-B3Yf
  2. a chirp (sound made by small birds)
    Sense id: en-ちゅう-ja-noun-zBMvITE-
  3. sound made by sucking liquid
    Sense id: en-ちゅう-ja-noun-GrjIMKRj
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: ちゅうちゅう (chūchū), ピカチュウ (Pikachū)
Etymology number: 2

Phrase

Forms: chū [romanization], tifu [romanization], ちふ [hiragana, historical]
Etymology: ⟨to₂ ipu⟩ → */tipu/ → /t͡sifu/ → /t͡ɕɨu/ → /t͡ɕuː/ Shift from Old Japanese と言ふ (to ipu → to iu). Compare てふ (tepu) → ちょう (chō). Etymology templates: {{IPAfont|⟨to₂ ipu⟩}} ⟨to₂ ipu⟩, {{inh|ja|ojp|と言う|と言ふ|tr=to ipu → to iu}} Old Japanese と言ふ (to ipu → to iu), {{m|ja|てふ|tr=tepu}} てふ (tepu), {{m|ja|ちょう|tr=chō}} ちょう (chō) Head templates: {{ja-pos|phrase|hhira=ちふ}} ちゅう • (chū) ^(←ちふ (tifu)?)
  1. (archaic) Short for と言う (to iu): Tags: abbreviation, alt-of, archaic Alternative form of: と言う (extra: to iu)
    Sense id: en-ちゅう-ja-phrase-NxLH5grr Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 0 3 5 18 3 67 3 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 0 5 6 19 6 60 5 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 0 5 6 19 6 60 5
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Verb

Etymology: Ideophonic. Forms: ちゅうする [canonical], チュウする [canonical], チューする [canonical], chū suru [romanization], ちゅうし [stem], ちゅうした [past], no-table-tags [table-tags], ちゅうし [error-unrecognized-form], chū shi [error-unrecognized-form], ちゅうする [error-unrecognized-form], chū suru [error-unrecognized-form], ちゅうすれ [error-unrecognized-form], chū sure [error-unrecognized-form], ちゅうせよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], ちゅうしろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], chū seyo [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], chū shiro [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], ちゅうされる [passive], chū sareru [passive], ちゅうさせる [causative], ちゅうさす [causative], chū saseru [causative], chū sasu [causative], ちゅうできる [potential], chū dekiru [potential], ちゅうしよう [volitional], chū shiyō [volitional], ちゅうしない [negative], chū shinai [negative], ちゅうせず [continuative, negative], chū sezu [continuative, negative], ちゅうします [formal], chū shimasu [formal], ちゅうした [perfective], chū shita [perfective], ちゅうして [conjunctive], chū shite [conjunctive], ちゅうすれば [conditional, hypothetical], chū sureba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. to kiss, smooch
    Sense id: en-ちゅう-ja-verb-Yl8IN0Cr Categories (other): Japanese verbs without transitivity Disambiguation of Japanese verbs without transitivity: 16 84
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for ちゅう meaning in Japanese (8.5kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_text": "Ideophonic.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ちゅう",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "チュウ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "チュー",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "チュウ",
        "2": "チュー"
      },
      "expansion": "ちゅう or チュウ or チュー • (chū)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a kiss"
      ],
      "id": "en-ちゅう-ja-noun-u~4YYF3y",
      "links": [
        [
          "kiss",
          "kiss"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(somewhat childish) a kiss"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "キス"
        },
        {
          "word": "口付け"
        },
        {
          "word": "接吻"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "childish"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ちゅう"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_text": "Ideophonic.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ちゅうする",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "チュウする",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "チューする",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうし",
      "roman": "chūsuru shi",
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうした",
      "roman": "chūsuru shita",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 84",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to kiss, smooch"
      ],
      "id": "en-ちゅう-ja-verb-Yl8IN0Cr",
      "links": [
        [
          "kiss",
          "kiss"
        ],
        [
          "smooch",
          "smooch"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ちゅう"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "chūchū",
      "word": "ちゅうちゅう"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "Pikachū",
      "word": "ピカチュウ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Onomatopoeia.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chū",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ちゅう • (chū)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a squeak (sound made by mice)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ちゅう-ja-noun-078-B3Yf",
      "links": [
        [
          "squeak",
          "squeak"
        ],
        [
          "sound",
          "sound#English"
        ],
        [
          "mice",
          "mouse#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a chirp (sound made by small birds)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ちゅう-ja-noun-zBMvITE-",
      "links": [
        [
          "chirp",
          "chirp"
        ],
        [
          "bird",
          "bird#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "sound made by sucking liquid"
      ],
      "id": "en-ちゅう-ja-noun-GrjIMKRj",
      "links": [
        [
          "suck",
          "suck"
        ],
        [
          "liquid",
          "liquid"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ちゅう"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Onomatopoeia.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chū",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "ちゅう • (chū)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "id": "en-ちゅう-ja-adv-47DEQpj8",
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ちゅう"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "⟨to₂ ipu⟩"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨to₂ ipu⟩",
      "name": "IPAfont"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "と言う",
        "4": "と言ふ",
        "tr": "to ipu → to iu"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese と言ふ (to ipu → to iu)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "てふ",
        "tr": "tepu"
      },
      "expansion": "てふ (tepu)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ちょう",
        "tr": "chō"
      },
      "expansion": "ちょう (chō)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "⟨to₂ ipu⟩ → */tipu/ → /t͡sifu/ → /t͡ɕɨu/ → /t͡ɕuː/\nShift from Old Japanese と言ふ (to ipu → to iu). Compare てふ (tepu) → ちょう (chō).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chū",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tifu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちふ",
      "roman": "tifu",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "phrase",
        "hhira": "ちふ"
      },
      "expansion": "ちゅう • (chū) ^(←ちふ (tifu)?)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "phrase",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "to iu",
          "word": "と言う"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 3 5 18 3 67 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 5 6 19 6 60 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 5 6 19 6 60 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 7, poem 1170",
          "roman": "Sasanami no Namikura-yama ni kumo ireba ame zo furu chū kaeri ko waga se",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "佐左",
              "ささ"
            ],
            [
              "浪",
              "なみ"
            ],
            [
              "乃",
              "の"
            ],
            [
              "連庫山",
              "なみくらやま"
            ],
            [
              "尓",
              "に"
            ],
            [
              "雲",
              "くも"
            ],
            [
              "居者",
              "ゐれば"
            ],
            [
              "雨",
              "あめ"
            ],
            [
              "會",
              "ぞ"
            ],
            [
              "零",
              "ふる"
            ],
            [
              "智否",
              "ちふ"
            ],
            [
              "反",
              "かへり"
            ],
            [
              "来",
              "こ"
            ],
            [
              "吾",
              "わが"
            ],
            [
              "背",
              "せ"
            ],
            [
              "楽浪",
              "ささなみ"
            ],
            [
              "連庫山",
              "なみくらやま"
            ],
            [
              "雲",
              "くも"
            ],
            [
              "居",
              "ゐ"
            ],
            [
              "雨",
              "あめ"
            ],
            [
              "降",
              "ふ"
            ],
            [
              "帰",
              "かへ"
            ],
            [
              "来",
              "こ"
            ],
            [
              "我",
              "わ"
            ],
            [
              "背",
              "せ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": ", text here\n佐左浪乃連庫山尓雲居者雨會零智否反来吾背 [Man'yōgana]\n楽浪の連庫山に雲居れば雨ぞ降るちふ帰り来我が背 [Modern spelling]"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Short for と言う (to iu):",
        "Short for と言う (to iu)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ちゅう-ja-phrase-NxLH5grr",
      "links": [
        [
          "と言う",
          "と言う#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Short for と言う (to iu):"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ちゅう"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese hiragana",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_text": "Ideophonic.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ちゅう",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "チュウ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "チュー",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "チュウ",
        "2": "チュー"
      },
      "expansion": "ちゅう or チュウ or チュー • (chū)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a kiss"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "kiss",
          "kiss"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(somewhat childish) a kiss"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "キス"
        },
        {
          "word": "口付け"
        },
        {
          "word": "接吻"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "childish"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ちゅう"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese hiragana",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_text": "Ideophonic.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ちゅうする",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "チュウする",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "チューする",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうし",
      "roman": "chūsuru shi",
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうした",
      "roman": "chūsuru shita",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちゅうすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chū sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to kiss, smooch"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "kiss",
          "kiss"
        ],
        [
          "smooch",
          "smooch"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ちゅう"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese adverbs",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese hiragana",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "chūchū",
      "word": "ちゅうちゅう"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Pikachū",
      "word": "ピカチュウ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Onomatopoeia.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chū",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ちゅう • (chū)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a squeak (sound made by mice)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "squeak",
          "squeak"
        ],
        [
          "sound",
          "sound#English"
        ],
        [
          "mice",
          "mouse#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a chirp (sound made by small birds)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "chirp",
          "chirp"
        ],
        [
          "bird",
          "bird#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "sound made by sucking liquid"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "suck",
          "suck"
        ],
        [
          "liquid",
          "liquid"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ちゅう"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese adverbs",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese hiragana",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Onomatopoeia.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chū",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "ちゅう • (chū)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ちゅう"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese hiragana",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese phrases",
    "Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "⟨to₂ ipu⟩"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨to₂ ipu⟩",
      "name": "IPAfont"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "と言う",
        "4": "と言ふ",
        "tr": "to ipu → to iu"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese と言ふ (to ipu → to iu)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "てふ",
        "tr": "tepu"
      },
      "expansion": "てふ (tepu)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ちょう",
        "tr": "chō"
      },
      "expansion": "ちょう (chō)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "⟨to₂ ipu⟩ → */tipu/ → /t͡sifu/ → /t͡ɕɨu/ → /t͡ɕuː/\nShift from Old Japanese と言ふ (to ipu → to iu). Compare てふ (tepu) → ちょう (chō).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chū",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tifu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ちふ",
      "roman": "tifu",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "phrase",
        "hhira": "ちふ"
      },
      "expansion": "ちゅう • (chū) ^(←ちふ (tifu)?)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "phrase",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "to iu",
          "word": "と言う"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese short forms",
        "Japanese terms with archaic senses",
        "Japanese terms with usage examples",
        "Requests for translations of Japanese usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 7, poem 1170",
          "roman": "Sasanami no Namikura-yama ni kumo ireba ame zo furu chū kaeri ko waga se",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "佐左",
              "ささ"
            ],
            [
              "浪",
              "なみ"
            ],
            [
              "乃",
              "の"
            ],
            [
              "連庫山",
              "なみくらやま"
            ],
            [
              "尓",
              "に"
            ],
            [
              "雲",
              "くも"
            ],
            [
              "居者",
              "ゐれば"
            ],
            [
              "雨",
              "あめ"
            ],
            [
              "會",
              "ぞ"
            ],
            [
              "零",
              "ふる"
            ],
            [
              "智否",
              "ちふ"
            ],
            [
              "反",
              "かへり"
            ],
            [
              "来",
              "こ"
            ],
            [
              "吾",
              "わが"
            ],
            [
              "背",
              "せ"
            ],
            [
              "楽浪",
              "ささなみ"
            ],
            [
              "連庫山",
              "なみくらやま"
            ],
            [
              "雲",
              "くも"
            ],
            [
              "居",
              "ゐ"
            ],
            [
              "雨",
              "あめ"
            ],
            [
              "降",
              "ふ"
            ],
            [
              "帰",
              "かへ"
            ],
            [
              "来",
              "こ"
            ],
            [
              "我",
              "わ"
            ],
            [
              "背",
              "せ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": ", text here\n佐左浪乃連庫山尓雲居者雨會零智否反来吾背 [Man'yōgana]\n楽浪の連庫山に雲居れば雨ぞ降るちふ帰り来我が背 [Modern spelling]"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Short for と言う (to iu):",
        "Short for と言う (to iu)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "と言う",
          "と言う#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Short for と言う (to iu):"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ちゅう"
}

{
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "soft-redirect",
  "redirects": [
    "中",
    "宙",
    "注",
    "註",
    "儔",
    "俦",
    "疇",
    "畴",
    "丑"
  ],
  "word": "ちゅう"
}
{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "ちゅう"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ちゅう",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "ちゅう"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ちゅう",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "ちゅう"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ちゅう",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "ちゅう"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ちゅう",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "ちゅう"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ちゅう",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "ちゅう"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ちゅう",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "ちゅう"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ちゅう",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "ちゅう"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ちゅう",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "ちゅう"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "adverb",
  "title": "ちゅう",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "ちゅう"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "phrase",
  "title": "ちゅう",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "ちゅう"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "phrase",
  "title": "ちゅう",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.