"pungere" meaning in Italian

See pungere in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈpun.d͡ʒe.re/
Rhymes: -undʒere Etymology: From Latin pungō, from Proto-Italic *pungō, from Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”). Cognate with French poindre, Romanian împunge. Etymology templates: {{inh|it|la|pungō}} Latin pungō, {{inh|it|itc-pro|*pungō}} Proto-Italic *pungō, {{der|it|ine-pro|*pewǵ-|t=prick, punch}} Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”), {{cog|fr|poindre}} French poindre, {{cog|ro|împunge}} Romanian împunge Head templates: {{it-verb|a\@}} pùngere (first-person singular present pùngo, first-person singular past historic pùnsi, past participle pùnto, auxiliary avére) Inflection templates: {{it-conj|a\@}} Forms: pùngere [canonical], pùngo [first-person, present, singular], pùnsi [first-person, historic, past, singular], pùnto [participle, past], avére [auxiliary], irregular [table-tags], pùngere [infinitive], avére [auxiliary], pungèndo [gerund], pungènte [participle, present], pùnto [participle, past], pùngo [first-person, indicative, present, singular], pùngi [indicative, present, second-person, singular], pùnge [indicative, present, singular, third-person], pungiàmo [first-person, indicative, plural, present], pungéte [indicative, plural, present, second-person], pùngono [indicative, plural, present, third-person], pungévo [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], pungévi [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], pungéva [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], pungevàmo [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], pungevàte [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], pungévano [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], pùnsi [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], pungésti [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], pùnse [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], pungémmo [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], pungéste [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], pùnsero [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], pungerò [first-person, future, indicative, singular], pungerài [future, indicative, second-person, singular], pungerà [future, indicative, singular, third-person], pungerémo [first-person, future, indicative, plural], pungeréte [future, indicative, plural, second-person], pungerànno [future, indicative, plural, third-person], pungerèi [conditional, first-person, present, singular], pungerésti [conditional, present, second-person, singular], pungerèbbe [conditional, present, singular, third-person], pungerébbe [conditional, present, singular, third-person], pungerémmo [conditional, first-person, plural, present], pungeréste [conditional, plural, present, second-person], pungerèbbero [conditional, plural, present, third-person], pungerébbero [conditional, plural, present, third-person], pùnga [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], pùnga [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], pùnga [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], pungiàmo [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], pungiàte [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], pùngano [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], pungéssi [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], pungéssi [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], pungésse [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], pungéssimo [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], pungéste [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], pungéssero [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], pùngi [imperative, second-person, singular], pùnga [formal, imperative, second-person-semantically, singular, third-person], pungiàmo [first-person, imperative, plural], pungéte [imperative, plural, second-person], pùngano [formal, imperative, plural, second-person-semantically, third-person], pùngere [imperative, negative, second-person, singular], pùnga [formal, imperative, negative, second-person-semantically, singular, third-person], pungiàmo [first-person, imperative, negative, plural], pungéte [imperative, negative, plural, second-person], pùngano [formal, imperative, negative, plural, second-person-semantically, third-person]
  1. (transitive) to prick Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-pungere-it-verb-FKi2oA5m Categories (other): Italian entries with incorrect language header, Italian links with redundant wikilinks, Italian verbs ending in -ere, Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary, Italian verbs with irregular past historic, Italian verbs with irregular past participle, Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive Disambiguation of Italian entries with incorrect language header: 39 33 27 Disambiguation of Italian links with redundant wikilinks: 38 29 33 Disambiguation of Italian verbs ending in -ere: 37 31 33 Disambiguation of Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary: 39 34 27 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with irregular past historic: 38 30 32 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with irregular past participle: 39 31 30 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive: 36 33 31
  2. (transitive) to sting, bite (of an insect, etc.) Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-pungere-it-verb-XUyckLJi Categories (other): Italian entries with incorrect language header, Italian links with redundant wikilinks, Italian verbs ending in -ere, Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary, Italian verbs with irregular past historic, Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive Disambiguation of Italian entries with incorrect language header: 39 33 27 Disambiguation of Italian links with redundant wikilinks: 38 29 33 Disambiguation of Italian verbs ending in -ere: 37 31 33 Disambiguation of Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary: 39 34 27 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with irregular past historic: 38 30 32 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive: 36 33 31
  3. (transitive) to prickle, scratch Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-pungere-it-verb-bULTXo2k Categories (other): Italian entries with incorrect language header, Italian links with redundant wikilinks, Italian verbs ending in -ere, Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary, Italian verbs with irregular past historic, Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive Disambiguation of Italian entries with incorrect language header: 39 33 27 Disambiguation of Italian links with redundant wikilinks: 38 29 33 Disambiguation of Italian verbs ending in -ere: 37 31 33 Disambiguation of Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary: 39 34 27 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with irregular past historic: 38 30 32 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive: 36 33 31
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: pungente, pungersi, pungitore, pungolo Related terms: espungere, punto, punzone

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for pungere meaning in Italian (11.6kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pungente"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pungersi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pungitore"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pungolo"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "pungō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pungō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*pungō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *pungō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pewǵ-",
        "t": "prick, punch"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "poindre"
      },
      "expansion": "French poindre",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "împunge"
      },
      "expansion": "Romanian împunge",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin pungō, from Proto-Italic *pungō, from Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”). Cognate with French poindre, Romanian împunge.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pùngere",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùngo",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnsi",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnto",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "it-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùngere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungèndo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungènte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùngo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùngi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungiàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùngono",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungévo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungévi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungéva",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungevàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungevàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungévano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnsi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungéste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnsero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerò",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerài",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerà",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerémo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungeréte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerànno",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerèi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerèbbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerébbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungeréste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerèbbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerébbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungiàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungiàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùngano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungéssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungéssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungésse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungéssimo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungéste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungéssero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùngi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungiàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùngano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùngere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungiàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùngano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a\\@"
      },
      "expansion": "pùngere (first-person singular present pùngo, first-person singular past historic pùnsi, past participle pùnto, auxiliary avére)",
      "name": "it-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pùn‧ge‧re"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a\\@"
      },
      "name": "it-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "espungere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "punto"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "punzone"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "39 33 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 29 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 31 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 34 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 30 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 31 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with irregular past participle",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 33 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to prick"
      ],
      "id": "en-pungere-it-verb-FKi2oA5m",
      "links": [
        [
          "prick",
          "prick"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to prick"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "39 33 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 29 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 31 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 34 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 30 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 33 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to sting, bite (of an insect, etc.)"
      ],
      "id": "en-pungere-it-verb-XUyckLJi",
      "links": [
        [
          "sting",
          "sting"
        ],
        [
          "bite",
          "bite"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to sting, bite (of an insect, etc.)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "39 33 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 29 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 31 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 34 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 30 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 33 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to prickle, scratch"
      ],
      "id": "en-pungere-it-verb-bULTXo2k",
      "links": [
        [
          "prickle",
          "prickle"
        ],
        [
          "scratch",
          "scratch"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to prickle, scratch"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpun.d͡ʒe.re/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-undʒere"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pungere"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Italian 3-syllable words",
    "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Italian irregular verbs",
    "Italian lemmas",
    "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Italian terms derived from Latin",
    "Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Italian terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Italian terms inherited from Latin",
    "Italian terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Italian verbs",
    "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
    "Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary",
    "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
    "Italian verbs with irregular past participle",
    "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
    "Rhymes:Italian/undʒere",
    "Rhymes:Italian/undʒere/3 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "pungente"
    },
    {
      "word": "pungersi"
    },
    {
      "word": "pungitore"
    },
    {
      "word": "pungolo"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "pungō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pungō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*pungō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *pungō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pewǵ-",
        "t": "prick, punch"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "poindre"
      },
      "expansion": "French poindre",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "împunge"
      },
      "expansion": "Romanian împunge",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin pungō, from Proto-Italic *pungō, from Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”). Cognate with French poindre, Romanian împunge.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pùngere",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùngo",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnsi",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnto",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "it-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùngere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungèndo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungènte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùngo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùngi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungiàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùngono",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungévo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungévi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungéva",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungevàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungevàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungévano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnsi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungéste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnsero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerò",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerài",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerà",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerémo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungeréte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerànno",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerèi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerèbbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerébbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungeréste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerèbbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungerébbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungiàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungiàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùngano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungéssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungéssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungésse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungéssimo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungéste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungéssero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùngi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungiàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùngano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùngere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùnga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungiàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pungéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pùngano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a\\@"
      },
      "expansion": "pùngere (first-person singular present pùngo, first-person singular past historic pùnsi, past participle pùnto, auxiliary avére)",
      "name": "it-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pùn‧ge‧re"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a\\@"
      },
      "name": "it-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "espungere"
    },
    {
      "word": "punto"
    },
    {
      "word": "punzone"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to prick"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "prick",
          "prick"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to prick"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to sting, bite (of an insect, etc.)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sting",
          "sting"
        ],
        [
          "bite",
          "bite"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to sting, bite (of an insect, etc.)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to prickle, scratch"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "prickle",
          "prickle"
        ],
        [
          "scratch",
          "scratch"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to prickle, scratch"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpun.d͡ʒe.re/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-undʒere"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pungere"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Italian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.