See bruno in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "orso bruno"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerH-",
"id": "brown"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "gmw-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "brūnus"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin brūnus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "bruno"
},
"expansion": "Spanish bruno",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "brun"
},
"expansion": "French brun",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "broin"
},
"expansion": "Dalmatian broin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "frk",
"3": "",
"4": "*brūn"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *brūn",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*brūnaz",
"4": "",
"5": "brown"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *brūnaz (“brown”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerH-",
"t": "shining, brown"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“shining, brown”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "brūn"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch brūn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bruin"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bruin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "brūn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German brūn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "braun"
},
"expansion": "German braun",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "brūn"
},
"expansion": "Old English brūn",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin brūnus \"brown, brunet\" (whence also Spanish bruno, French brun, Dalmatian broin), from Frankish *brūn, from Proto-Germanic *brūnaz (“brown”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“shining, brown”).\nAkin to Old Dutch brūn \"brown\" (Dutch bruin \"brown\"), Old High German brūn \"brown\" (German braun \"brown\"), Old English brūn \"brown\". More at brown.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bruna",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "bruni",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brune",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bruno (feminine bruna, masculine plural bruni, feminine plural brune)",
"name": "it-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"brù‧no"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"brù‧no"
]
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"dark gray, almost black"
],
"id": "en-bruno-it-adj-tGWifgoX",
"links": [
[
"gray",
"gray"
],
[
"black",
"black"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"brown"
],
"id": "en-bruno-it-adj-XrZ~n4QJ",
"links": [
[
"brown",
"brown"
]
],
"qualifier": "dark",
"raw_glosses": [
"(dark) brown"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Heraldry",
"orig": "it:Heraldry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 44 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"brunatre"
],
"id": "en-bruno-it-adj-lkalltMV",
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"brunatre",
"brunatre#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) brunatre"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbru.no/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uno"
}
],
"word": "bruno"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerH-",
"id": "brown"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "gmw-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "brūnus"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin brūnus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "bruno"
},
"expansion": "Spanish bruno",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "brun"
},
"expansion": "French brun",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "broin"
},
"expansion": "Dalmatian broin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "frk",
"3": "",
"4": "*brūn"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *brūn",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*brūnaz",
"4": "",
"5": "brown"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *brūnaz (“brown”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerH-",
"t": "shining, brown"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“shining, brown”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "brūn"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch brūn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bruin"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bruin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "brūn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German brūn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "braun"
},
"expansion": "German braun",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "brūn"
},
"expansion": "Old English brūn",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin brūnus \"brown, brunet\" (whence also Spanish bruno, French brun, Dalmatian broin), from Frankish *brūn, from Proto-Germanic *brūnaz (“brown”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“shining, brown”).\nAkin to Old Dutch brūn \"brown\" (Dutch bruin \"brown\"), Old High German brūn \"brown\" (German braun \"brown\"), Old English brūn \"brown\". More at brown.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bruni",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bruna",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"f": "+"
},
"expansion": "bruno m (plural bruni, feminine bruna)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"brù‧no"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"brù‧no"
]
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 2 44 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a dark-haired person"
],
"id": "en-bruno-it-noun-Ta5ajS1y",
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbru.no/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uno"
}
],
"word": "bruno"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 2-syllable words",
"Italian adjectives",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms derived from Frankish",
"Italian terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Italian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰerH- (brown)",
"Italian terms inherited from Medieval Latin",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Italian terms with audio pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Italian/uno",
"Rhymes:Italian/uno/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "orso bruno"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerH-",
"id": "brown"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "gmw-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "brūnus"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin brūnus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "bruno"
},
"expansion": "Spanish bruno",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "brun"
},
"expansion": "French brun",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "broin"
},
"expansion": "Dalmatian broin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "frk",
"3": "",
"4": "*brūn"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *brūn",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*brūnaz",
"4": "",
"5": "brown"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *brūnaz (“brown”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerH-",
"t": "shining, brown"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“shining, brown”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "brūn"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch brūn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bruin"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bruin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "brūn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German brūn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "braun"
},
"expansion": "German braun",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "brūn"
},
"expansion": "Old English brūn",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin brūnus \"brown, brunet\" (whence also Spanish bruno, French brun, Dalmatian broin), from Frankish *brūn, from Proto-Germanic *brūnaz (“brown”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“shining, brown”).\nAkin to Old Dutch brūn \"brown\" (Dutch bruin \"brown\"), Old High German brūn \"brown\" (German braun \"brown\"), Old English brūn \"brown\". More at brown.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bruna",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "bruni",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brune",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bruno (feminine bruna, masculine plural bruni, feminine plural brune)",
"name": "it-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"brù‧no"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"brù‧no"
]
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"dark gray, almost black"
],
"links": [
[
"gray",
"gray"
],
[
"black",
"black"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"brown"
],
"links": [
[
"brown",
"brown"
]
],
"qualifier": "dark",
"raw_glosses": [
"(dark) brown"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"it:Heraldry"
],
"glosses": [
"brunatre"
],
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"brunatre",
"brunatre#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) brunatre"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbru.no/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uno"
}
],
"word": "bruno"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 2-syllable words",
"Italian adjectives",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms derived from Frankish",
"Italian terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Italian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰerH- (brown)",
"Italian terms inherited from Medieval Latin",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Italian terms with audio pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Italian/uno",
"Rhymes:Italian/uno/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerH-",
"id": "brown"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "gmw-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "brūnus"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin brūnus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "bruno"
},
"expansion": "Spanish bruno",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "brun"
},
"expansion": "French brun",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "broin"
},
"expansion": "Dalmatian broin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "frk",
"3": "",
"4": "*brūn"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *brūn",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*brūnaz",
"4": "",
"5": "brown"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *brūnaz (“brown”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerH-",
"t": "shining, brown"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“shining, brown”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "brūn"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch brūn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bruin"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bruin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "brūn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German brūn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "braun"
},
"expansion": "German braun",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "brūn"
},
"expansion": "Old English brūn",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin brūnus \"brown, brunet\" (whence also Spanish bruno, French brun, Dalmatian broin), from Frankish *brūn, from Proto-Germanic *brūnaz (“brown”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“shining, brown”).\nAkin to Old Dutch brūn \"brown\" (Dutch bruin \"brown\"), Old High German brūn \"brown\" (German braun \"brown\"), Old English brūn \"brown\". More at brown.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bruni",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bruna",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"f": "+"
},
"expansion": "bruno m (plural bruni, feminine bruna)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"brù‧no"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"brù‧no"
]
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a dark-haired person"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbru.no/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uno"
}
],
"word": "bruno"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bruno meaning in Italian (6.4kB)
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"subsection": "",
"title": "bruno",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 602881483<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Fri, 21 Aug 2026 17:15:21 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Italian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.