"-pa" meaning in Ingrian

See -pa in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Particle

IPA: /-pɑ/ [Ala-Laukaa], [-pɑ] [Ala-Laukaa], /-pɑ/ [Soikkola], [-pɑ] [Soikkola]
Etymology: From Proto-Finnic *-pa. Cognates include Finnish -pa. Etymology templates: {{inh|izh|urj-fin-pro|*-pa}} Proto-Finnic *-pa, {{cog|fi|-pa}} Finnish -pa Head templates: {{head|izh|particle|front vowel variant|-pä|cat2=clitics}} -pa (front vowel variant -pä)
  1. Expresses surprise or disappointment.
    Sense id: en--pa-izh-particle-1r3xB69y Categories (other): Ingrian clitics Disambiguation of Ingrian clitics: 44 56
  2. Expresses admission or concession.
    Sense id: en--pa-izh-particle-wP92PbpO Categories (other): Ingrian clitics, Ingrian entries with incorrect language header, Ingrian particles Disambiguation of Ingrian clitics: 44 56 Disambiguation of Ingrian entries with incorrect language header: 18 82 Disambiguation of Ingrian particles: 18 82

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for -pa meaning in Ingrian (1.4kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "izh",
        "2": "urj-fin-pro",
        "3": "*-pa"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-pa",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "-pa"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish -pa",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-pa. Cognates include Finnish -pa.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "izh",
        "2": "particle",
        "3": "front vowel variant",
        "4": "-pä",
        "cat2": "clitics"
      },
      "expansion": "-pa (front vowel variant -pä)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ingrian",
  "lang_code": "izh",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "44 56",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ingrian clitics",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Expresses surprise or disappointment."
      ],
      "id": "en--pa-izh-particle-1r3xB69y"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "44 56",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ingrian clitics",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 82",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 82",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ingrian particles",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Expresses admission or concession."
      ],
      "id": "en--pa-izh-particle-wP92PbpO"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/-pɑ/",
      "tags": [
        "Ala-Laukaa"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[-pɑ]",
      "tags": [
        "Ala-Laukaa"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-pɑ/",
      "tags": [
        "Soikkola"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[-pɑ]",
      "tags": [
        "Soikkola"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-pa"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Ingrian clitics",
    "Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ingrian lemmas",
    "Ingrian particles",
    "Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
    "Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
    "Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "izh",
        "2": "urj-fin-pro",
        "3": "*-pa"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-pa",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "-pa"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish -pa",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-pa. Cognates include Finnish -pa.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "izh",
        "2": "particle",
        "3": "front vowel variant",
        "4": "-pä",
        "cat2": "clitics"
      },
      "expansion": "-pa (front vowel variant -pä)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ingrian",
  "lang_code": "izh",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Expresses surprise or disappointment."
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Expresses admission or concession."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/-pɑ/",
      "tags": [
        "Ala-Laukaa"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[-pɑ]",
      "tags": [
        "Ala-Laukaa"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-pɑ/",
      "tags": [
        "Soikkola"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[-pɑ]",
      "tags": [
        "Soikkola"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-pa"
}
{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
  "msg": "unrecognized head form: front vowel variant -pä",
  "path": [
    "-pa"
  ],
  "section": "Ingrian",
  "subsection": "particle",
  "title": "-pa",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ingrian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.