See abu in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "abu"
},
"expansion": "Malay abu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*habu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *habu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*qabu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*qabu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *qabu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "hawu"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of hawu",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Malay abu, from Proto-Malayic *habu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu. Doublet of hawu.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "aboe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"pl": "-"
},
"expansion": "abu (uncountable)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bu"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "100 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "id",
"name": "Chemistry",
"orig": "id:Chemistry",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ash (solid remains of a fire)"
],
"id": "en-abu-id-noun-Lqaff~n8",
"links": [
[
"ash",
"ash"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of debu (“dust”)"
],
"id": "en-abu-id-noun--bI9Af8M",
"links": [
[
"debu",
"debu#Indonesian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Synonym of debu (“dust”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "dust",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "debu"
}
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈabu/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈa.bu]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-abu"
}
],
"word": "abu"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "abu"
},
"expansion": "Malay abu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*habu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *habu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*qabu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*qabu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *qabu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "hawu"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of hawu",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Malay abu, from Proto-Malayic *habu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu. Doublet of hawu.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "aboe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "abu",
"name": "id-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bu"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 15 2 9 6 2 2 4 2 4 3 7 4 15 1 1 2 2 2 2 4 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 36 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 20 2 7 5 2 2 3 2 3 3 6 4 13 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 20 22 20 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 13 14 22 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "abu-abu"
},
{
"word": "berabu"
},
{
"word": "kelabu"
},
{
"word": "memperabukan"
},
{
"word": "mengabu"
},
{
"word": "mengabui"
},
{
"word": "mengabukan"
},
{
"word": "pengabuan"
},
{
"word": "perabuan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to have defeat"
],
"id": "en-abu-id-verb-kgcHwfy9",
"links": [
[
"defeat",
"defeat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly obsolete) to have defeat"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kalah"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈabu/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈa.bu]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-abu"
}
],
"word": "abu"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ar",
"3": "أَبُو",
"t": "father"
},
"expansion": "Arabic أَبُو (ʔabū, “father”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "aba",
"3": "abi",
"4": "abbas"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of aba, abi, and abbas",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Arabic أَبُو (ʔabū, “father”). Doublet of aba, abi, and abbas.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abu-abu",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aboe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"pl": "duplication"
},
"expansion": "abu (plural abu-abu)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bu"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of ayah (“father”)"
],
"id": "en-abu-id-noun-rpBDH-gZ",
"links": [
[
"ayah",
"ayah#Indonesian"
],
[
"father",
"father"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) Synonym of ayah (“father”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "father",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "ayah"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "abuan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of abuan"
],
"id": "en-abu-id-noun-ou6Mo5sY",
"links": [
[
"abuan",
"abuan#Indonesian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈabu/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈa.bu]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-abu"
}
],
"word": "abu"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian 2-syllable words",
"Indonesian doublets",
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms derived from Arabic",
"Indonesian terms derived from Malay",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayic",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Malay",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayic",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"Indonesian uncountable nouns",
"Indonesian verbs",
"Pages with 36 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/abu",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/abu/2 syllables",
"id:Chemistry"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "abu"
},
"expansion": "Malay abu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*habu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *habu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*qabu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*qabu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *qabu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "hawu"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of hawu",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Malay abu, from Proto-Malayic *habu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu. Doublet of hawu.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "aboe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"pl": "-"
},
"expansion": "abu (uncountable)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bu"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"ash (solid remains of a fire)"
],
"links": [
[
"ash",
"ash"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of debu (“dust”)"
],
"links": [
[
"debu",
"debu#Indonesian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Synonym of debu (“dust”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "dust",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "debu"
}
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈabu/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈa.bu]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-abu"
}
],
"word": "abu"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian 2-syllable words",
"Indonesian doublets",
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms derived from Arabic",
"Indonesian terms derived from Malay",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayic",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Malay",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayic",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"Indonesian uncountable nouns",
"Indonesian verbs",
"Pages with 36 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/abu",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/abu/2 syllables",
"id:Chemistry"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "abu-abu"
},
{
"word": "berabu"
},
{
"word": "kelabu"
},
{
"word": "memperabukan"
},
{
"word": "mengabu"
},
{
"word": "mengabui"
},
{
"word": "mengabukan"
},
{
"word": "pengabuan"
},
{
"word": "perabuan"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "abu"
},
"expansion": "Malay abu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*habu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *habu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*qabu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*qabu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *qabu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "hawu"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of hawu",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Malay abu, from Proto-Malayic *habu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu. Doublet of hawu.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "aboe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "abu",
"name": "id-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bu"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to have defeat"
],
"links": [
[
"defeat",
"defeat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly obsolete) to have defeat"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kalah"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈabu/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈa.bu]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-abu"
}
],
"word": "abu"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian 2-syllable words",
"Indonesian doublets",
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms derived from Arabic",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 36 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/abu",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/abu/2 syllables",
"id:Chemistry"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ar",
"3": "أَبُو",
"t": "father"
},
"expansion": "Arabic أَبُو (ʔabū, “father”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "aba",
"3": "abi",
"4": "abbas"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of aba, abi, and abbas",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Arabic أَبُو (ʔabū, “father”). Doublet of aba, abi, and abbas.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abu-abu",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aboe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"pl": "duplication"
},
"expansion": "abu (plural abu-abu)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bu"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of ayah (“father”)"
],
"links": [
[
"ayah",
"ayah#Indonesian"
],
[
"father",
"father"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) Synonym of ayah (“father”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "father",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "ayah"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "abuan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of abuan"
],
"links": [
[
"abuan",
"abuan#Indonesian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈabu/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈa.bu]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-abu"
}
],
"word": "abu"
}
Download raw JSONL data for abu meaning in Indonesian (6.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Indonesian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (b81b832 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.