See tor- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "tor-",
"4": "",
"5": "hard, difficult, wrong, bad",
"pos": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse tor- (“hard, difficult, wrong, bad”, prefix)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tuz-",
"4": "",
"5": "hard, difficult, wrong, bad"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tuz- (“hard, difficult, wrong, bad”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dus-",
"4": "",
"5": "bad, ill, difficult"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dus- (“bad, ill, difficult”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "tor-",
"pos": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "Faroese tor- (prefix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "tor-",
"pos": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk tor- (prefix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "tor-",
"pos": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "Swedish tor- (prefix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "tor-",
"pos": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "Old English tor- (prefix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "tor"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tor",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tore",
"3": "",
"4": "hard, difficult, wearisome, tedious; strong, sturdy, great, massive; full, rich"
},
"expansion": "English tore (“hard, difficult, wearisome, tedious; strong, sturdy, great, massive; full, rich”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "zur-",
"3": "",
"4": "mis-",
"pos": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "Old High German zur- (“mis-”, prefix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍄𐌿𐌶-",
"3": "",
"4": "hard, difficult",
"pos": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍄𐌿𐌶- (tuz-, “hard, difficult”, prefix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δυσ-",
"3": "",
"4": "bad, ill, difficult",
"pos": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-, “bad, ill, difficult”, prefix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दुस्-",
"pos": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit दुस्- (dus-, prefix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "do-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish do-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse tor- (“hard, difficult, wrong, bad”, prefix), from Proto-Germanic *tuz- (“hard, difficult, wrong, bad”), from Proto-Indo-European *dus- (“bad, ill, difficult”).\nCognate with Faroese tor- (prefix), Norwegian Nynorsk tor- (prefix) and dialectal Swedish tor- (prefix), Old English tor- (prefix) and tō- (prefix) (whence Middle English tor, tore (prefix), toor (prefix), whence English tore (“hard, difficult, wearisome, tedious; strong, sturdy, great, massive; full, rich”) and torfer), Old High German zur- (“mis-”, prefix), and Gothic 𐍄𐌿𐌶- (tuz-, “hard, difficult”, prefix).\nCompare Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-, “bad, ill, difficult”, prefix), Sanskrit दुस्- (dus-, prefix), and Old Irish do-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tyr-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "tor-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "torfær"
},
{
"word": "torfæra"
},
{
"word": "torkennilegur"
},
{
"word": "torlæsi"
},
{
"word": "tormerki"
},
{
"word": "tornæmi"
},
{
"word": "tornæmistími"
},
{
"word": "tornæmur"
},
{
"word": "torsóttur"
},
{
"word": "tortryggilegur"
},
{
"word": "tortrygginn"
},
{
"word": "tortryggja"
},
{
"word": "tortryggni"
},
{
"word": "torvelda"
},
{
"word": "torveldur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"with difficulty or hardship; difficult, hard"
],
"id": "en-tor--is-prefix-MuWIJlPR",
"links": [
[
"difficulty",
"difficulty"
],
[
"hardship",
"hardship"
],
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies"
]
}
],
"word": "tor-"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "torfær"
},
{
"word": "torfæra"
},
{
"word": "torkennilegur"
},
{
"word": "torlæsi"
},
{
"word": "tormerki"
},
{
"word": "tornæmi"
},
{
"word": "tornæmistími"
},
{
"word": "tornæmur"
},
{
"word": "torsóttur"
},
{
"word": "tortryggilegur"
},
{
"word": "tortrygginn"
},
{
"word": "tortryggja"
},
{
"word": "tortryggni"
},
{
"word": "torvelda"
},
{
"word": "torveldur"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "tor-",
"4": "",
"5": "hard, difficult, wrong, bad",
"pos": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse tor- (“hard, difficult, wrong, bad”, prefix)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tuz-",
"4": "",
"5": "hard, difficult, wrong, bad"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tuz- (“hard, difficult, wrong, bad”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dus-",
"4": "",
"5": "bad, ill, difficult"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dus- (“bad, ill, difficult”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "tor-",
"pos": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "Faroese tor- (prefix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "tor-",
"pos": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk tor- (prefix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "tor-",
"pos": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "Swedish tor- (prefix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "tor-",
"pos": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "Old English tor- (prefix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "tor"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tor",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tore",
"3": "",
"4": "hard, difficult, wearisome, tedious; strong, sturdy, great, massive; full, rich"
},
"expansion": "English tore (“hard, difficult, wearisome, tedious; strong, sturdy, great, massive; full, rich”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "zur-",
"3": "",
"4": "mis-",
"pos": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "Old High German zur- (“mis-”, prefix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍄𐌿𐌶-",
"3": "",
"4": "hard, difficult",
"pos": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍄𐌿𐌶- (tuz-, “hard, difficult”, prefix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δυσ-",
"3": "",
"4": "bad, ill, difficult",
"pos": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-, “bad, ill, difficult”, prefix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दुस्-",
"pos": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit दुस्- (dus-, prefix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "do-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish do-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse tor- (“hard, difficult, wrong, bad”, prefix), from Proto-Germanic *tuz- (“hard, difficult, wrong, bad”), from Proto-Indo-European *dus- (“bad, ill, difficult”).\nCognate with Faroese tor- (prefix), Norwegian Nynorsk tor- (prefix) and dialectal Swedish tor- (prefix), Old English tor- (prefix) and tō- (prefix) (whence Middle English tor, tore (prefix), toor (prefix), whence English tore (“hard, difficult, wearisome, tedious; strong, sturdy, great, massive; full, rich”) and torfer), Old High German zur- (“mis-”, prefix), and Gothic 𐍄𐌿𐌶- (tuz-, “hard, difficult”, prefix).\nCompare Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-, “bad, ill, difficult”, prefix), Sanskrit दुस्- (dus-, prefix), and Old Irish do-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tyr-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "tor-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic lemmas",
"Icelandic prefixes",
"Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"with difficulty or hardship; difficult, hard"
],
"links": [
[
"difficulty",
"difficulty"
],
[
"hardship",
"hardship"
],
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies"
]
}
],
"word": "tor-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tor- meaning in Icelandic (4.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Icelandic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (aeaf2a1 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.