See hefja in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for hefja meaning in Icelandic (18.1kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "hefja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hefja",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*habjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *habjaną",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kh₂pyé-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kh₂pyé-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*keh₂p-",
"3": "",
"4": "to seize"
},
"expansion": "*keh₂p- (“to seize”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "hevja"
},
"expansion": "Faroese hevja",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "häva"
},
"expansion": "Swedish häva",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "hæve"
},
"expansion": "Danish hæve",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "heave"
},
"expansion": "English heave",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "heffen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch heffen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "heben"
},
"expansion": "German heben",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse hefja, from Proto-Germanic *habjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂pyé-, from the root *keh₂p- (“to seize”). Cognate with Faroese hevja, Swedish häva, Danish hæve, English heave, Dutch heffen, German heben.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hóf",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hófu",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hafið",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-conj-s6",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "að hefja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hafið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "hefjandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ég hef",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "við hefjum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ég hefji",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "við hefjum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þú hefur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þið hefjið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þú hefjir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þið hefjið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hann",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hún",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "það hefur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þeir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þær",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þau hefja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hann",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hún",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "það hefji",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þeir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þær",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þau hefji",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ég hóf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "við hófum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ég hæfi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "við hæfum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þú hófst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þið hófuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "þú hæfir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þið hæfuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hann",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hún",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "það hóf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þeir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "þær",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "þau hófu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hann",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hún",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "það hæfi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þeir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þær",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þau hæfu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hef (þú)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hefjið (þið)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hefðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present",
"pronoun-included"
]
},
{
"form": "hefjiði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"pronoun-included"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-conj-s6",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "að hefjast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hafist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "hefjandist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "it is never used attributively",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "predicatively",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "only for explicatory subclauses",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ég hefst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "við hefjumst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ég hefjist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "við hefjumst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þú hefst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þið hefjist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þú hefjist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þið hefjist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hann",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hún",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "það hefst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þeir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þær",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þau hefjast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hann",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hún",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "það hefjist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þeir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þær",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þau hefjist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ég hófst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "við hófumst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ég hæfist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "við hæfumst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þú hófst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þið hófust",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "þú hæfist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þið hæfust",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hann",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hún",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "það hófst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þeir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "þær",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "þau hófust",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hann",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hún",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "það hæfist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þeir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þær",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þau hæfust",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hefst (þú)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hefjist (þið)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hefstu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present",
"pronoun-included"
]
},
{
"form": "hefjisti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"pronoun-included"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-conj-s6",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hafinn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafnir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafinn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafinni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafins",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafinnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafins",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafinna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafinna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafinna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"10": "hafið",
"2": "verb",
"3": "strong verb",
"4": "",
"5": "third-person singular past indicative",
"6": "hóf",
"7": "third-person plural past indicative",
"8": "hófu",
"9": "supine",
"cat2": "strong verbs",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "hefja (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative hóf, third-person plural past indicative hófu, supine hafið)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "h",
"2": "e",
"3": "f",
"j": "j"
},
"name": "is-conj-s6"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hefja",
"10": "hefjið",
"100": "höfnu",
"101": "hafna",
"102": "höfnu",
"103": "hafna",
"104": "höfnu",
"105": "höfnu",
"106": "höfnu",
"11": "hefur",
"12": "hefja",
"13": "hefji",
"14": "hefji",
"15": "hóf",
"16": "hófum",
"17": "hæfi",
"18": "hæfum",
"19": "hófst",
"2": "hafið",
"20": "hófuð",
"21": "hæfir",
"22": "hæfuð",
"23": "hóf",
"24": "hófu",
"25": "hæfi",
"26": "hæfu",
"27": "hef",
"28": "hefðu",
"29": "hefjið",
"3": "hef",
"30": "hefjast",
"31": "hafist",
"32": "hefst",
"33": "hefjumst",
"34": "hefjist",
"35": "hefjumst",
"36": "hefst",
"37": "hefjist",
"38": "hefjist",
"39": "hefjist",
"4": "hefjum",
"40": "hefst",
"41": "hefjast",
"42": "hefjist",
"43": "hefjist",
"44": "hófst",
"45": "hófumst",
"46": "hæfist",
"47": "hæfumst",
"48": "hófst",
"49": "hófust",
"5": "hefji",
"50": "hæfist",
"51": "hæfust",
"52": "hófst",
"53": "hófust",
"54": "hæfist",
"55": "hæfust",
"56": "hefst",
"57": "hefjist",
"59": "hafinn",
"6": "hefjum",
"60": "hafin",
"61": "hafið",
"62": "hafnir",
"63": "hafnar",
"64": "hafin",
"65": "hafinn",
"66": "hafna",
"67": "hafið",
"68": "hafna",
"69": "hafnar",
"7": "hefur",
"70": "hafin",
"71": "höfnum",
"72": "hafinni",
"73": "höfnu",
"74": "höfnum",
"75": "höfnum",
"76": "höfnum",
"77": "hafins",
"78": "hafinnar",
"79": "hafins",
"8": "hefjið",
"80": "hafinna",
"81": "hafinna",
"82": "hafinna",
"83": "hafni",
"84": "hafna",
"85": "hafna",
"86": "höfnu",
"87": "höfnu",
"88": "höfnu",
"89": "hafna",
"9": "hefjir",
"90": "höfnu",
"91": "hafna",
"92": "höfnu",
"93": "höfnu",
"94": "höfnu",
"95": "hafna",
"96": "höfnu",
"97": "hafna",
"98": "höfnu",
"99": "höfnu",
"act": "",
"mp": "",
"pp": ""
},
"name": "is-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to lift, to raise"
],
"id": "en-hefja-is-verb-Yk4I0i4G",
"links": [
[
"lift",
"lift"
],
[
"raise",
"raise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, with accusative) to lift, to raise"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "95 5 0",
"sense": "to lift, to raise",
"word": "lyfta"
}
],
"tags": [
"strong",
"transitive",
"verb",
"with-accusative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 64 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 59 6 19 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to elevate, to exalt, to promote"
],
"id": "en-hefja-is-verb-MEb-U5Lh",
"links": [
[
"elevate",
"elevate"
],
[
"exalt",
"exalt"
],
[
"promote",
"promote"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, with accusative) to elevate, to exalt, to promote"
],
"tags": [
"strong",
"transitive",
"verb",
"with-accusative"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to begin, to start"
],
"id": "en-hefja-is-verb-V4Bofcc3",
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"start",
"start"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, with accusative) to begin, to start"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 2 98",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "byrja"
}
],
"tags": [
"strong",
"transitive",
"verb",
"with-accusative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɛvja/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛvja"
}
],
"word": "hefja"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic 2-syllable words",
"Icelandic class 6 strong verbs",
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic lemmas",
"Icelandic strong verbs",
"Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Icelandic verbs",
"Most used Icelandic verbs",
"Old Norse class 6 strong verbs",
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *keh₂p-",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse verbs",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/ɛvja",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/ɛvja/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "hefja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hefja",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*habjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *habjaną",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kh₂pyé-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kh₂pyé-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*keh₂p-",
"3": "",
"4": "to seize"
},
"expansion": "*keh₂p- (“to seize”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "hevja"
},
"expansion": "Faroese hevja",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "häva"
},
"expansion": "Swedish häva",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "hæve"
},
"expansion": "Danish hæve",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "heave"
},
"expansion": "English heave",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "heffen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch heffen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "heben"
},
"expansion": "German heben",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse hefja, from Proto-Germanic *habjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂pyé-, from the root *keh₂p- (“to seize”). Cognate with Faroese hevja, Swedish häva, Danish hæve, English heave, Dutch heffen, German heben.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hóf",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hófu",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hafið",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-conj-s6",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "að hefja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hafið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "hefjandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ég hef",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "við hefjum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ég hefji",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "við hefjum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þú hefur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þið hefjið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þú hefjir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þið hefjið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hann",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hún",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "það hefur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þeir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þær",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þau hefja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hann",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hún",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "það hefji",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þeir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þær",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þau hefji",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ég hóf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "við hófum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ég hæfi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "við hæfum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þú hófst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þið hófuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "þú hæfir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þið hæfuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hann",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hún",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "það hóf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þeir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "þær",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "þau hófu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hann",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hún",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "það hæfi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þeir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þær",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þau hæfu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hef (þú)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hefjið (þið)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hefðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present",
"pronoun-included"
]
},
{
"form": "hefjiði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"pronoun-included"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-conj-s6",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "að hefjast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hafist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "hefjandist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "it is never used attributively",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "predicatively",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "only for explicatory subclauses",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ég hefst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "við hefjumst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ég hefjist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "við hefjumst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þú hefst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þið hefjist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þú hefjist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þið hefjist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hann",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hún",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "það hefst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þeir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þær",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þau hefjast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hann",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hún",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "það hefjist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þeir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þær",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þau hefjist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ég hófst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "við hófumst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ég hæfist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "við hæfumst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þú hófst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þið hófust",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "þú hæfist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þið hæfust",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hann",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hún",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "það hófst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þeir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "þær",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "þau hófust",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hann",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hún",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "það hæfist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þeir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þær",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "þau hæfust",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hefst (þú)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hefjist (þið)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hefstu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"present",
"pronoun-included"
]
},
{
"form": "hefjisti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"pronoun-included"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-conj-s6",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hafinn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafnir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafinn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafinni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafins",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafinnar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafins",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafinna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafinna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafinna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hafna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hafna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "höfnu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"10": "hafið",
"2": "verb",
"3": "strong verb",
"4": "",
"5": "third-person singular past indicative",
"6": "hóf",
"7": "third-person plural past indicative",
"8": "hófu",
"9": "supine",
"cat2": "strong verbs",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "hefja (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative hóf, third-person plural past indicative hófu, supine hafið)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "h",
"2": "e",
"3": "f",
"j": "j"
},
"name": "is-conj-s6"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hefja",
"10": "hefjið",
"100": "höfnu",
"101": "hafna",
"102": "höfnu",
"103": "hafna",
"104": "höfnu",
"105": "höfnu",
"106": "höfnu",
"11": "hefur",
"12": "hefja",
"13": "hefji",
"14": "hefji",
"15": "hóf",
"16": "hófum",
"17": "hæfi",
"18": "hæfum",
"19": "hófst",
"2": "hafið",
"20": "hófuð",
"21": "hæfir",
"22": "hæfuð",
"23": "hóf",
"24": "hófu",
"25": "hæfi",
"26": "hæfu",
"27": "hef",
"28": "hefðu",
"29": "hefjið",
"3": "hef",
"30": "hefjast",
"31": "hafist",
"32": "hefst",
"33": "hefjumst",
"34": "hefjist",
"35": "hefjumst",
"36": "hefst",
"37": "hefjist",
"38": "hefjist",
"39": "hefjist",
"4": "hefjum",
"40": "hefst",
"41": "hefjast",
"42": "hefjist",
"43": "hefjist",
"44": "hófst",
"45": "hófumst",
"46": "hæfist",
"47": "hæfumst",
"48": "hófst",
"49": "hófust",
"5": "hefji",
"50": "hæfist",
"51": "hæfust",
"52": "hófst",
"53": "hófust",
"54": "hæfist",
"55": "hæfust",
"56": "hefst",
"57": "hefjist",
"59": "hafinn",
"6": "hefjum",
"60": "hafin",
"61": "hafið",
"62": "hafnir",
"63": "hafnar",
"64": "hafin",
"65": "hafinn",
"66": "hafna",
"67": "hafið",
"68": "hafna",
"69": "hafnar",
"7": "hefur",
"70": "hafin",
"71": "höfnum",
"72": "hafinni",
"73": "höfnu",
"74": "höfnum",
"75": "höfnum",
"76": "höfnum",
"77": "hafins",
"78": "hafinnar",
"79": "hafins",
"8": "hefjið",
"80": "hafinna",
"81": "hafinna",
"82": "hafinna",
"83": "hafni",
"84": "hafna",
"85": "hafna",
"86": "höfnu",
"87": "höfnu",
"88": "höfnu",
"89": "hafna",
"9": "hefjir",
"90": "höfnu",
"91": "hafna",
"92": "höfnu",
"93": "höfnu",
"94": "höfnu",
"95": "hafna",
"96": "höfnu",
"97": "hafna",
"98": "höfnu",
"99": "höfnu",
"act": "",
"mp": "",
"pp": ""
},
"name": "is-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to lift, to raise"
],
"links": [
[
"lift",
"lift"
],
[
"raise",
"raise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, with accusative) to lift, to raise"
],
"tags": [
"strong",
"transitive",
"verb",
"with-accusative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to elevate, to exalt, to promote"
],
"links": [
[
"elevate",
"elevate"
],
[
"exalt",
"exalt"
],
[
"promote",
"promote"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, with accusative) to elevate, to exalt, to promote"
],
"tags": [
"strong",
"transitive",
"verb",
"with-accusative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to begin, to start"
],
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"start",
"start"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, with accusative) to begin, to start"
],
"tags": [
"strong",
"transitive",
"verb",
"with-accusative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhɛvja/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛvja"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "to lift, to raise",
"word": "lyfta"
},
{
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "byrja"
}
],
"word": "hefja"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Icelandic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.