"harka" meaning in Icelandic

See harka in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈhar̥ka/
Rhymes: -ar̥ka Etymology: From Old Norse harka, harðka, from harðr (“hard”) ( > Icelandic harður) + -ka. Etymology templates: {{inh|is|non|harka}} Old Norse harka Head templates: {{is-noun|@@}} harka f (genitive singular hörku, nominative plural hörkur) Inflection templates: {{is-ndecl|f.genplna:a}} Forms: hörku [genitive, singular], hörkur [nominative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], harka [indefinite, nominative, singular], harkan [definite, nominative, singular], hörkur [indefinite, nominative, plural], hörkurnar [definite, nominative, plural], hörku [accusative, indefinite, singular], hörkuna [accusative, definite, singular], hörkur [accusative, indefinite, plural], hörkurnar [accusative, definite, plural], hörku [dative, indefinite, singular], hörkunni [dative, definite, singular], hörkum [dative, indefinite, plural], hörkunum [dative, definite, plural], hörku [genitive, indefinite, singular], hörkunnar [definite, genitive, singular], harkna [genitive, indefinite, plural], harka [genitive, indefinite, plural], harknanna [definite, genitive, plural], harkanna [definite, genitive, plural]
  1. hardness Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-harka-is-noun-JdME3Q5B Categories (other): Icelandic entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Icelandic entries with incorrect language header: 36 28 23 13 Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 43 9 9 21 10 9 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 43 9 9 20 10 9
  2. hardness, austerity, severity Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-harka-is-noun-AFOX2Icf
  3. hardiness, toughness Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-harka-is-noun-9kWpHZDc
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: beita hörku, hleypa í sig hörku, sýna af sér hörku, sýna hörku
Etymology number: 1

Verb

IPA: /ˈhar̥ka/ Forms: harkaði [indicative, past, singular, third-person], harkað [supine]
Rhymes: -ar̥ka Head templates: {{head|is|verb|weak verb||third-person singular past indicative|harkaði||{{{22}}}|supine|harkað||{{{33}}}|cat2=weak verbs|head=}} harka (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative harkaði, supine harkað)
  1. to toughen [with accusative] Tags: weak Derived forms: harka af sér (english: to bear up, endure), harka saman (english: synonymous, skrapa saman), harka sig upp Related terms: láta ekki á sig bíta
    Sense id: en-harka-is-verb-SHX5r0sQ
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "beita hörku"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "hleypa í sig hörku"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "sýna af sér hörku"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "sýna hörku"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "harka"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse harka",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Norse harka, harðka, from harðr (“hard”) ( > Icelandic harður) + -ka.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hörku",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörkur",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "is-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harkan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörkur",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörkurnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörkuna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörkur",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörkurnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörkunni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörkum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörkunum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörkunnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harkna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harknanna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harkanna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "@@"
      },
      "expansion": "harka f (genitive singular hörku, nominative plural hörkur)",
      "name": "is-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f.genplna:a"
      },
      "name": "is-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Icelandic",
  "lang_code": "is",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "36 28 23 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 9 9 21 10 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 5 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 9 9 20 10 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hardness"
      ],
      "id": "en-harka-is-noun-JdME3Q5B",
      "links": [
        [
          "hardness",
          "hardness"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hardness, austerity, severity"
      ],
      "id": "en-harka-is-noun-AFOX2Icf",
      "links": [
        [
          "hardness",
          "hardness"
        ],
        [
          "austerity",
          "austerity"
        ],
        [
          "severity",
          "severity"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hardiness, toughness"
      ],
      "id": "en-harka-is-noun-9kWpHZDc",
      "links": [
        [
          "hardiness",
          "hardiness"
        ],
        [
          "toughness",
          "toughness"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhar̥ka/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ar̥ka"
    }
  ],
  "word": "harka"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "harkaði",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harkað",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "10": "harkað",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{33}}}",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "weak verb",
        "4": "",
        "5": "third-person singular past indicative",
        "6": "harkaði",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{22}}}",
        "9": "supine",
        "cat2": "weak verbs",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "harka (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative harkaði, supine harkað)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Icelandic",
  "lang_code": "is",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "to bear up, endure",
          "word": "harka af sér"
        },
        {
          "english": "synonymous, skrapa saman",
          "word": "harka saman"
        },
        {
          "word": "harka sig upp"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to toughen"
      ],
      "id": "en-harka-is-verb-SHX5r0sQ",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "acc"
          },
          "expansion": "[with accusative]",
          "extra_data": {
            "tags": [
              "accusative"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "toughen",
          "toughen"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "to toughen [with accusative]"
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "láta ekki á sig bíta"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhar̥ka/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ar̥ka"
    }
  ],
  "word": "harka"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Icelandic feminine nouns",
    "Icelandic lemmas",
    "Icelandic nouns",
    "Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
    "Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse",
    "Icelandic terms with redundant head parameter",
    "Icelandic verbs",
    "Icelandic weak verbs",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Icelandic/ar̥ka",
    "Rhymes:Icelandic/ar̥ka/2 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "beita hörku"
    },
    {
      "word": "hleypa í sig hörku"
    },
    {
      "word": "sýna af sér hörku"
    },
    {
      "word": "sýna hörku"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "harka"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse harka",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Norse harka, harðka, from harðr (“hard”) ( > Icelandic harður) + -ka.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hörku",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörkur",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "is-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harkan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörkur",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörkurnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörkuna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörkur",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörkurnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörkunni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörkum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörkunum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hörkunnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harkna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harknanna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harkanna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "@@"
      },
      "expansion": "harka f (genitive singular hörku, nominative plural hörkur)",
      "name": "is-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f.genplna:a"
      },
      "name": "is-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Icelandic",
  "lang_code": "is",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hardness"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hardness",
          "hardness"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hardness, austerity, severity"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hardness",
          "hardness"
        ],
        [
          "austerity",
          "austerity"
        ],
        [
          "severity",
          "severity"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hardiness, toughness"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hardiness",
          "hardiness"
        ],
        [
          "toughness",
          "toughness"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhar̥ka/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ar̥ka"
    }
  ],
  "word": "harka"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Icelandic lemmas",
    "Icelandic verbs",
    "Icelandic weak verbs",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Icelandic/ar̥ka",
    "Rhymes:Icelandic/ar̥ka/2 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "to bear up, endure",
      "word": "harka af sér"
    },
    {
      "english": "synonymous, skrapa saman",
      "word": "harka saman"
    },
    {
      "word": "harka sig upp"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "harkaði",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harkað",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "10": "harkað",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{33}}}",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "weak verb",
        "4": "",
        "5": "third-person singular past indicative",
        "6": "harkaði",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{22}}}",
        "9": "supine",
        "cat2": "weak verbs",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "harka (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative harkaði, supine harkað)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Icelandic",
  "lang_code": "is",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "láta ekki á sig bíta"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to toughen"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "acc"
          },
          "expansion": "[with accusative]",
          "extra_data": {
            "tags": [
              "accusative"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "toughen",
          "toughen"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "to toughen [with accusative]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhar̥ka/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ar̥ka"
    }
  ],
  "word": "harka"
}

Download raw JSONL data for harka meaning in Icelandic (4.8kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "harka"
  ],
  "section": "Icelandic",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "harka",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 6"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Icelandic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (aeaf2a1 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.