See שומר in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "שׁ־מ־ר"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "he-rootbox"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "שֻׁמַּר",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "šumár",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "שימר",
"tags": [
"active"
]
},
{
"form": "שִׁמֵּר",
"tags": [
"active"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "he-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "שומרתי",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "שֻׁמַּרְתִּי",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "שומרנו",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"masculine",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "שֻׁמַּרְנוּ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"masculine",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "שומרת",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "שֻׁמַּרְתָּ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "שומרת",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "שֻׁמַּרְתְּ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "שומרתם",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "שֻׁמַּרְתֶּם",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "שומרתן",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "שֻׁמַּרְתֶּן",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "שומר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "שֻׁמַּר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "שומרה",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "שֻׁמְּרָה",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "שומרו",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "שֻׁמְּרוּ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "משומר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "מְשֻׁמָּר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "משומרת",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "מְשֻׁמֶּרֶת",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "משומרים",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "מְשֻׁמָּרִים",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "משומרות",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "מְשֻׁמָּרוֹת",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "אשומר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "אֲשֻׁמַּר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "נשומר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"future",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "נְשֻׁמַּר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"future",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "תשומר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "תְּשֻׁמַּר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "תשומרי",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "תְּשֻׁמְּרִי",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "תשומרו",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "תְּשֻׁמְּרוּ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "תשומרנה",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "תְּשֻׁמַּרְנָה",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ישומר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "יְשֻׁמַּר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "תשומר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "תְּשֻׁמַּר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ישומרו",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "יְשֻׁמְּרוּ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "תשומרנה",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "תְּשֻׁמַּרְנָה",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pu",
"act": "שימר",
"actdwv": "שִׁמֵּר",
"dwv": "שֻׁמַּר",
"tr": "šumár"
},
"expansion": "שומר / שֻׁמַּר • (šumár) (pu'al construction, active counterpart שימר / שִׁמֵּר)",
"name": "he-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pu",
"2": "שׁמר"
},
"name": "he-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 30 29 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hebrew links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 31 32 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hebrew links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 17 12 19 14 16 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "he",
"name": "Celery family plants",
"orig": "he:Celery family plants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be preserved, to be conserved"
],
"id": "en-שומר-he-verb-R1g8T78Y",
"links": [
[
"preserved",
"preserved"
],
[
"conserved",
"conserved"
]
],
"tags": [
"construction-pu'al"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 30 29 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hebrew links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 31 32 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hebrew links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 17 12 19 14 16 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "he",
"name": "Celery family plants",
"orig": "he:Celery family plants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be pickled"
],
"id": "en-שומר-he-verb-VsL00GcD",
"links": [
[
"pickled",
"pickled"
]
],
"tags": [
"construction-pu'al"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmar/",
"tags": [
"Biblical-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmar/ [ʃumˈmaːʀ]",
"tags": [
"Tiberian-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmar/ [ʃumˈmæːr]",
"tags": [
"Yemenite-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmær/",
"tags": [
"Hebrew",
"Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmar/",
"tags": [
"Iraqi-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃuˈmar/",
"note": "Sephardi Hebrew",
"tags": [
"West"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmar/",
"note": "Sephardi Hebrew",
"tags": [
"East"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃuˈmar/",
"tags": [
"Ashkenazi-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃuˈmaʁ/",
"tags": [
"Modern-Israeli-Hebrew"
]
}
],
"word": "שומר"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shomér-rósh",
"word": "שׁוֹמֵר רֹאשׁ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "שׁוֹמֵר שַׁבָּת"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "שׁוֹמֵר נְגִיעָה"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "שׁוֹמֵר מִצְווֹת"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "שׁ־מ־ר"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "he-rootbox"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "שׁוֹמֵר",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "šomér",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "שׁוֹמְרִים",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "שׁוֹמֵר־",
"tags": [
"construct",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "שׁוֹמְרֵי־",
"tags": [
"construct",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"cons": "שומר",
"conswv": "שׁוֹמֵר",
"g": "m",
"pat": "קוֹטֵל",
"pl": "שומרים",
"plcons": "שומרי",
"plconswv": "שׁוֹמְרֵי",
"plwv": "שׁוֹמְרִים",
"tr": "šomér",
"wv": "שׁוֹמֵר"
},
"expansion": "שׁוֹמֵר • (šomér) m (plural indefinite שׁוֹמְרִים, singular construct שׁוֹמֵר־, plural construct שׁוֹמְרֵי־) [pattern: קוֹטֵל]",
"name": "he-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 30 29 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hebrew links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 31 32 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hebrew links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 17 12 19 14 16 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "he",
"name": "Celery family plants",
"orig": "he:Celery family plants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"keeper, one who keeps"
],
"id": "en-שומר-he-noun-wwT-RBXO",
"links": [
[
"keeper",
"keeper"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 30 29 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hebrew links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 31 32 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hebrew links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 17 12 19 14 16 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "he",
"name": "Celery family plants",
"orig": "he:Celery family plants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 52 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hebrew links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
12,
20
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
32,
39
]
],
"english": "Behold, the guardian of Israel neither slumbers nor sleeps.",
"ref": "Tanach, Psalms [[s:he:T26c1#קכא_ד|121:4]]:",
"roman": "hinnē lō yānūm v'lō yīšān šōmēr yiśrāʾēl.",
"text": "הִנֵּה לֹא יָנוּם וְלֹא יִישָׁן שׁוֹמֵר יִשְׂרָאֵל.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"guard, protector, one who protects"
],
"id": "en-שומר-he-noun-tSm7L~ix",
"links": [
[
"guard",
"guard"
],
[
"protector",
"protector"
],
[
"protect",
"protect"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃoːˈmir/",
"tags": [
"Biblical-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoːˈmeːr/ [ʃoːˈmeːʀ]",
"tags": [
"Tiberian-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃøˈmer/ [ʃøːˈmeːr]",
"tags": [
"Yemenite-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃeːˈmeːr]",
"tags": [
"Yemenite-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoˈmer/",
"tags": [
"Hebrew",
"Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoˈmer/",
"tags": [
"Iraqi-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoˈmer/",
"note": "Sephardi Hebrew"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoːˈmeːr/",
"tags": [
"Ashkenazi-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃojˈmejr/",
"tags": [
"Ashkenazi-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoˈmeʁ/",
"tags": [
"Modern-Israeli-Hebrew"
]
}
],
"word": "שומר"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "שׁ־מ־ר"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "he-rootbox"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "שׁוֹמֵר",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "šomér",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "שׁוֹמֵר",
"tr": "šomér"
},
"expansion": "שׁוֹמֵר • (šomér)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 30 29 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hebrew links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 31 32 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hebrew links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 11 12 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hebrew terms belonging to the root שׁ־מ־ר",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 28 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hebrew terms in the pattern קוֹטֵל",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "שָׁמַר"
}
],
"glosses": [
"masculine singular present of שָׁמַר"
],
"id": "en-שומר-he-verb-~ZNEjAwD",
"links": [
[
"שָׁמַר",
"שמר#Hebrew"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"present",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃoːˈmir/",
"tags": [
"Biblical-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoːˈmeːr/ [ʃoːˈmeːʀ]",
"tags": [
"Tiberian-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃøˈmer/ [ʃøːˈmeːr]",
"tags": [
"Yemenite-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃeːˈmeːr]",
"tags": [
"Yemenite-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoˈmer/",
"tags": [
"Hebrew",
"Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoˈmer/",
"tags": [
"Iraqi-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoˈmer/",
"note": "Sephardi Hebrew"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoːˈmeːr/",
"tags": [
"Ashkenazi-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃojˈmejr/",
"tags": [
"Ashkenazi-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoˈmeʁ/",
"tags": [
"Modern-Israeli-Hebrew"
]
}
],
"word": "שומר"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "akk",
"3": "𒌑𒄩",
"t": "fennel",
"tr": "šimru"
},
"expansion": "Akkadian 𒌑𒄩 (šimru, “fennel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "شَمَر",
"t": "fennel"
},
"expansion": "Arabic شَمَر (šamar, “fennel”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Akkadian 𒌑𒄩 (šimru, “fennel”). See Arabic شَمَر (šamar, “fennel”) for other cognates. Largely displaced the native Hebrew synonym גּוּפְנָן (gup̄nān, “fennel”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "שֻׁמָּר",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "šumár",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"dwv": "שֻׁמָּר",
"g": "m",
"tr": "šumár"
},
"expansion": "שומר / שֻׁמָּר • (šumár) m",
"name": "he-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 17 12 19 14 16 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "he",
"name": "Celery family plants",
"orig": "he:Celery family plants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "dill",
"roman": "šāmī́r",
"word": "שָׁמִיר"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fennel"
],
"id": "en-שומר-he-noun-HjZ5j2dw",
"links": [
[
"fennel",
"fennel#English:_Q43511"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmaːr/",
"tags": [
"Biblical-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmɔːr/ [ʃumˈmɔːʀ]",
"tags": [
"Tiberian-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmɔr/ [ʃumˈmɔːr]",
"tags": [
"Yemenite-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmɒr/",
"tags": [
"Hebrew",
"Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmar/",
"tags": [
"Iraqi-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃuˈmar/",
"note": "Sephardi Hebrew",
"tags": [
"West"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmar/",
"note": "Sephardi Hebrew",
"tags": [
"East"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃuˈmɔr/",
"tags": [
"Ashkenazi-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃuˈmaʁ/",
"tags": [
"Modern-Israeli-Hebrew"
]
}
],
"word": "שומר"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "akk",
"3": "𒋗𒈨𒊒",
"tr": "Šumer"
},
"expansion": "Akkadian 𒋗𒈨𒊒 (Šumer)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the Akkadian 𒋗𒈨𒊒 (Šumer).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "שׁוּמֶר",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "šumer",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "-",
"tr": "šumer",
"wv": "שׁוּמֶר"
},
"expansion": "שׁוּמֶר • (šumer)",
"name": "he-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "he",
"name": "Ancient Near East",
"orig": "he:Ancient Near East",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "he",
"name": "Geographic and cultural areas of Asia",
"orig": "he:Geographic and cultural areas of Asia",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "he",
"name": "Geographic and cultural areas of Iraq",
"orig": "he:Geographic and cultural areas of Iraq",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "he",
"name": "Places in Iraq",
"orig": "he:Places in Iraq",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "he",
"name": "Sumer",
"orig": "he:Sumer",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "44 5 18 3 23 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hebrew entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 5 14 4 15 5 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hebrew proper nouns without gender",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 4 18 1 22 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 3 17 1 21 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 17 12 19 14 16 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "he",
"name": "Celery family plants",
"orig": "he:Celery family plants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 16 23 3 11 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "he",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "he:Occupations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sumer (a historical region occupied by the earliest known ancient civilization of the ancient Near East (4th to 3rd millennia BC), located in lower Mesopotamia in modern southern Iraq)"
],
"id": "en-שומר-he-name-iE-hTtpp",
"links": [
[
"Sumer",
"Sumer#English:_Q35355"
],
[
"Near East",
"Near East"
],
[
"Mesopotamia",
"Mesopotamia#English"
],
[
"Iraq",
"Iraq#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "šinʿār",
"topics": [
"biblical",
"religion",
"lifestyle"
],
"word": "שִׁנְעָר"
}
]
}
],
"word": "שומר"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hebrew entries with incorrect language header",
"Hebrew lemmas",
"Hebrew links with redundant alt parameters",
"Hebrew links with redundant wikilinks",
"Hebrew proper nouns",
"Hebrew proper nouns without gender",
"Hebrew pu'al verbs",
"Hebrew terms belonging to the root שׁ־מ־ר",
"Hebrew terms derived from Akkadian",
"Hebrew verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"he:Celery family plants",
"he:Occupations"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "שׁ־מ־ר"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "he-rootbox"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "שֻׁמַּר",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "šumár",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "שימר",
"tags": [
"active"
]
},
{
"form": "שִׁמֵּר",
"tags": [
"active"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "he-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "שומרתי",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "שֻׁמַּרְתִּי",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "שומרנו",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"masculine",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "שֻׁמַּרְנוּ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"masculine",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "שומרת",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "שֻׁמַּרְתָּ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "שומרת",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "שֻׁמַּרְתְּ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "שומרתם",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "שֻׁמַּרְתֶּם",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "שומרתן",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "שֻׁמַּרְתֶּן",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "שומר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "שֻׁמַּר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "שומרה",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "שֻׁמְּרָה",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "שומרו",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "שֻׁמְּרוּ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "משומר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "מְשֻׁמָּר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "משומרת",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "מְשֻׁמֶּרֶת",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "משומרים",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "מְשֻׁמָּרִים",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "משומרות",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "מְשֻׁמָּרוֹת",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "אשומר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "אֲשֻׁמַּר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "נשומר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"future",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "נְשֻׁמַּר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"future",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "תשומר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "תְּשֻׁמַּר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "תשומרי",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "תְּשֻׁמְּרִי",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "תשומרו",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "תְּשֻׁמְּרוּ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "תשומרנה",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "תְּשֻׁמַּרְנָה",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ישומר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "יְשֻׁמַּר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "תשומר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "תְּשֻׁמַּר",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ישומרו",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "יְשֻׁמְּרוּ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "תשומרנה",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "תְּשֻׁמַּרְנָה",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pu",
"act": "שימר",
"actdwv": "שִׁמֵּר",
"dwv": "שֻׁמַּר",
"tr": "šumár"
},
"expansion": "שומר / שֻׁמַּר • (šumár) (pu'al construction, active counterpart שימר / שִׁמֵּר)",
"name": "he-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pu",
"2": "שׁמר"
},
"name": "he-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to be preserved, to be conserved"
],
"links": [
[
"preserved",
"preserved"
],
[
"conserved",
"conserved"
]
],
"tags": [
"construction-pu'al"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be pickled"
],
"links": [
[
"pickled",
"pickled"
]
],
"tags": [
"construction-pu'al"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmar/",
"tags": [
"Biblical-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmar/ [ʃumˈmaːʀ]",
"tags": [
"Tiberian-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmar/ [ʃumˈmæːr]",
"tags": [
"Yemenite-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmær/",
"tags": [
"Hebrew",
"Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmar/",
"tags": [
"Iraqi-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃuˈmar/",
"note": "Sephardi Hebrew",
"tags": [
"West"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmar/",
"note": "Sephardi Hebrew",
"tags": [
"East"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃuˈmar/",
"tags": [
"Ashkenazi-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃuˈmaʁ/",
"tags": [
"Modern-Israeli-Hebrew"
]
}
],
"word": "שומר"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hebrew entries with incorrect language header",
"Hebrew lemmas",
"Hebrew links with redundant alt parameters",
"Hebrew links with redundant target parameters",
"Hebrew links with redundant wikilinks",
"Hebrew masculine nouns",
"Hebrew non-lemma forms",
"Hebrew nouns",
"Hebrew proper nouns",
"Hebrew proper nouns without gender",
"Hebrew pu'al verbs",
"Hebrew terms belonging to the root שׁ־מ־ר",
"Hebrew terms derived from Akkadian",
"Hebrew terms in the pattern קוֹטֵל",
"Hebrew verb forms",
"Hebrew verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"he:Celery family plants",
"he:Occupations"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "shomér-rósh",
"word": "שׁוֹמֵר רֹאשׁ"
},
{
"word": "שׁוֹמֵר שַׁבָּת"
},
{
"word": "שׁוֹמֵר נְגִיעָה"
},
{
"word": "שׁוֹמֵר מִצְווֹת"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "שׁ־מ־ר"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "he-rootbox"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "שׁוֹמֵר",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "šomér",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "שׁוֹמְרִים",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "שׁוֹמֵר־",
"tags": [
"construct",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "שׁוֹמְרֵי־",
"tags": [
"construct",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"cons": "שומר",
"conswv": "שׁוֹמֵר",
"g": "m",
"pat": "קוֹטֵל",
"pl": "שומרים",
"plcons": "שומרי",
"plconswv": "שׁוֹמְרֵי",
"plwv": "שׁוֹמְרִים",
"tr": "šomér",
"wv": "שׁוֹמֵר"
},
"expansion": "שׁוֹמֵר • (šomér) m (plural indefinite שׁוֹמְרִים, singular construct שׁוֹמֵר־, plural construct שׁוֹמְרֵי־) [pattern: קוֹטֵל]",
"name": "he-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"keeper, one who keeps"
],
"links": [
[
"keeper",
"keeper"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Hebrew terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
12,
20
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
32,
39
]
],
"english": "Behold, the guardian of Israel neither slumbers nor sleeps.",
"ref": "Tanach, Psalms [[s:he:T26c1#קכא_ד|121:4]]:",
"roman": "hinnē lō yānūm v'lō yīšān šōmēr yiśrāʾēl.",
"text": "הִנֵּה לֹא יָנוּם וְלֹא יִישָׁן שׁוֹמֵר יִשְׂרָאֵל.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"guard, protector, one who protects"
],
"links": [
[
"guard",
"guard"
],
[
"protector",
"protector"
],
[
"protect",
"protect"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃoːˈmir/",
"tags": [
"Biblical-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoːˈmeːr/ [ʃoːˈmeːʀ]",
"tags": [
"Tiberian-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃøˈmer/ [ʃøːˈmeːr]",
"tags": [
"Yemenite-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃeːˈmeːr]",
"tags": [
"Yemenite-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoˈmer/",
"tags": [
"Hebrew",
"Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoˈmer/",
"tags": [
"Iraqi-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoˈmer/",
"note": "Sephardi Hebrew"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoːˈmeːr/",
"tags": [
"Ashkenazi-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃojˈmejr/",
"tags": [
"Ashkenazi-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoˈmeʁ/",
"tags": [
"Modern-Israeli-Hebrew"
]
}
],
"word": "שומר"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hebrew entries with incorrect language header",
"Hebrew lemmas",
"Hebrew links with redundant alt parameters",
"Hebrew links with redundant target parameters",
"Hebrew links with redundant wikilinks",
"Hebrew masculine nouns",
"Hebrew non-lemma forms",
"Hebrew nouns",
"Hebrew proper nouns",
"Hebrew proper nouns without gender",
"Hebrew pu'al verbs",
"Hebrew terms belonging to the root שׁ־מ־ר",
"Hebrew terms derived from Akkadian",
"Hebrew terms in the pattern קוֹטֵל",
"Hebrew verb forms",
"Hebrew verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"he:Celery family plants",
"he:Occupations"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "שׁ־מ־ר"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "he-rootbox"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "שׁוֹמֵר",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "šomér",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "שׁוֹמֵר",
"tr": "šomér"
},
"expansion": "שׁוֹמֵר • (šomér)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "שָׁמַר"
}
],
"glosses": [
"masculine singular present of שָׁמַר"
],
"links": [
[
"שָׁמַר",
"שמר#Hebrew"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"present",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃoːˈmir/",
"tags": [
"Biblical-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoːˈmeːr/ [ʃoːˈmeːʀ]",
"tags": [
"Tiberian-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃøˈmer/ [ʃøːˈmeːr]",
"tags": [
"Yemenite-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃeːˈmeːr]",
"tags": [
"Yemenite-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoˈmer/",
"tags": [
"Hebrew",
"Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoˈmer/",
"tags": [
"Iraqi-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoˈmer/",
"note": "Sephardi Hebrew"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoːˈmeːr/",
"tags": [
"Ashkenazi-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃojˈmejr/",
"tags": [
"Ashkenazi-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃoˈmeʁ/",
"tags": [
"Modern-Israeli-Hebrew"
]
}
],
"word": "שומר"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hebrew entries with incorrect language header",
"Hebrew lemmas",
"Hebrew masculine nouns",
"Hebrew noun entries missing plural construct forms",
"Hebrew noun entries missing plural forms",
"Hebrew noun entries missing singular construct forms",
"Hebrew nouns",
"Hebrew proper nouns",
"Hebrew proper nouns without gender",
"Hebrew terms derived from Akkadian",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"he:Celery family plants",
"he:Occupations"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "dill",
"roman": "šāmī́r",
"word": "שָׁמִיר"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "akk",
"3": "𒌑𒄩",
"t": "fennel",
"tr": "šimru"
},
"expansion": "Akkadian 𒌑𒄩 (šimru, “fennel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "شَمَر",
"t": "fennel"
},
"expansion": "Arabic شَمَر (šamar, “fennel”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Akkadian 𒌑𒄩 (šimru, “fennel”). See Arabic شَمَر (šamar, “fennel”) for other cognates. Largely displaced the native Hebrew synonym גּוּפְנָן (gup̄nān, “fennel”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "שֻׁמָּר",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "šumár",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"dwv": "שֻׁמָּר",
"g": "m",
"tr": "šumár"
},
"expansion": "שומר / שֻׁמָּר • (šumár) m",
"name": "he-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fennel"
],
"links": [
[
"fennel",
"fennel#English:_Q43511"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmaːr/",
"tags": [
"Biblical-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmɔːr/ [ʃumˈmɔːʀ]",
"tags": [
"Tiberian-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmɔr/ [ʃumˈmɔːr]",
"tags": [
"Yemenite-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmɒr/",
"tags": [
"Hebrew",
"Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmar/",
"tags": [
"Iraqi-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃuˈmar/",
"note": "Sephardi Hebrew",
"tags": [
"West"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃumˈmar/",
"note": "Sephardi Hebrew",
"tags": [
"East"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃuˈmɔr/",
"tags": [
"Ashkenazi-Hebrew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃuˈmaʁ/",
"tags": [
"Modern-Israeli-Hebrew"
]
}
],
"word": "שומר"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hebrew entries with incorrect language header",
"Hebrew lemmas",
"Hebrew proper nouns",
"Hebrew proper nouns without gender",
"Hebrew terms derived from Akkadian",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"he:Celery family plants",
"he:Occupations"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "akk",
"3": "𒋗𒈨𒊒",
"tr": "Šumer"
},
"expansion": "Akkadian 𒋗𒈨𒊒 (Šumer)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the Akkadian 𒋗𒈨𒊒 (Šumer).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "שׁוּמֶר",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "šumer",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "-",
"tr": "šumer",
"wv": "שׁוּמֶר"
},
"expansion": "שׁוּמֶר • (šumer)",
"name": "he-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"he:Ancient Near East",
"he:Geographic and cultural areas of Asia",
"he:Geographic and cultural areas of Iraq",
"he:Places in Iraq",
"he:Sumer"
],
"glosses": [
"Sumer (a historical region occupied by the earliest known ancient civilization of the ancient Near East (4th to 3rd millennia BC), located in lower Mesopotamia in modern southern Iraq)"
],
"links": [
[
"Sumer",
"Sumer#English:_Q35355"
],
[
"Near East",
"Near East"
],
[
"Mesopotamia",
"Mesopotamia#English"
],
[
"Iraq",
"Iraq#English"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "šinʿār",
"topics": [
"biblical",
"religion",
"lifestyle"
],
"word": "שִׁנְעָר"
}
],
"word": "שומר"
}
Download raw JSONL data for שומר meaning in Hebrew (16.1kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'to-infinitive'",
"path": [
"שומר"
],
"section": "Hebrew",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "שומר",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "linkages/371",
"msg": "unrecognized linkage prefix: (Sumer): (biblical) שִׁנְעָר (šinʿār) desc=Sumer rest=(biblical) שִׁנְעָר (šinʿār) cls=romanization cls2=other e1=True e2=False",
"path": [
"שומר"
],
"section": "Hebrew",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "שומר",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Hebrew dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (a4e883e and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.