"πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½" meaning in Gothic

See πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: An iterative/intensive derivation from Proto-Germanic *kaupōnΔ… (β€œto trade, buy”), signalling repeated or forceful action. In several other Germanic languages iterative forms became the regular past of the simple verb (such as Old High German slagazen < slagon, Old Norse cΓΊpa < kaupa). Etymology templates: {{der|got|gem-pro|*kaupōnΔ…|t=to trade, buy}} Proto-Germanic *kaupōnΔ… (β€œto trade, buy”), {{cog|goh|slagazen}} Old High German slagazen, {{cog|non|cΓΊpa}} Old Norse cΓΊpa Head templates: {{got-verb}} πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (kaupatjan) Inflection templates: {{got-conj-wk1ir|kaupat|kaupast|j=ji|pastpart=kaupatiΓΎs}} Forms: kaupatjan [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ [infinitive], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ° [first-person, present, singular], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ° [first-person, past, singular], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ° [error-unrecognized-form, first-person, singular], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒΉπƒ [present, second-person, singular], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πƒ [past, second-person, singular], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΆπŒ° [error-unrecognized-form, second-person, singular], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ [present, singular, third-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ° [past, singular, third-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ° [error-unrecognized-form, singular, third-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπ‰πƒ [dual, first-person, present], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏ [dual, first-person, past], - [dual, error-unrecognized-form, first-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ [dual, present, second-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ [dual, past, second-person], - [dual, error-unrecognized-form, second-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΌ [first-person, plural, present], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΌ [first-person, past, plural], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ° [error-unrecognized-form, first-person, plural], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ [plural, present, second-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΈ [past, plural, second-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ° [error-unrecognized-form, plural, second-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³ [plural, present, third-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½ [past, plural, third-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ° [error-unrecognized-form, plural, third-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ [first-person, present, singular], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ [first-person, past, singular], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ [error-unrecognized-form, first-person, singular], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπƒ [present, second-person, singular], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ [past, second-person, singular], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ [error-unrecognized-form, second-person, singular], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉ [present, singular, third-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΉ [past, singular, third-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ [error-unrecognized-form, singular, third-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ° [dual, first-person, present], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ° [dual, first-person, past], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ [dual, present, second-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ [dual, past, second-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ° [first-person, plural, present], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ° [first-person, past, plural], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ [error-unrecognized-form, first-person, plural], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ [plural, present, second-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ [past, plural, second-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ [error-unrecognized-form, plural, second-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ° [plural, present, third-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ° [past, plural, third-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ [error-unrecognized-form, plural, third-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒ΄πŒΉ [present, second-person, singular], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ [present, singular, third-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ [plural, present, third-person], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ [participle, present], πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΉπŒΈπƒ [participle, past]
  1. to buffet, slap
    Sense id: en-πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½-got-verb-2VkIarm2 Categories (other): Gothic entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kaupōnΔ…",
        "t": "to trade, buy"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kaupōnΔ… (β€œto trade, buy”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "slagazen"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German slagazen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "cΓΊpa"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse cΓΊpa",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "An iterative/intensive derivation from Proto-Germanic *kaupōnΔ… (β€œto trade, buy”), signalling repeated or forceful action. In several other Germanic languages iterative forms became the regular past of the simple verb (such as Old High German slagazen < slagon, Old Norse cΓΊpa < kaupa).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaupatjan",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "got-conj-wk1ir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½",
      "roman": "kaupatjan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupatja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupasta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupatjada",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒΉπƒ",
      "roman": "kaupatjis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πƒ",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“s",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΆπŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupatjaza",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ",
      "roman": "kaupatjiΓΎ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupasta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupatjada",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπ‰πƒ",
      "roman": "kaupatjōs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“du",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ",
      "roman": "kaupatjats",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“duts",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "past",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΌ",
      "roman": "kaupatjam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΌ",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“dum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupatjanda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ",
      "roman": "kaupatjiΓΎ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΈ",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“duΓΎ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupatjanda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³",
      "roman": "kaupatjand",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“dun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupatjanda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupatjau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“djau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupatjaidau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπƒ",
      "roman": "kaupatjais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“deis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupatjaizau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉ",
      "roman": "kaupatjai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΉ",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“di",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupatjaidau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupatjaiwa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“deiwa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ",
      "roman": "kaupatjaits",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“deits",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "past",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupatjaima",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“deima",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupatjaindau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ",
      "roman": "kaupatjaiΓΎ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“deiΓΎ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupatjaindau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupatjaina",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“deina",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupatjaindau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒ΄πŒΉ",
      "roman": "kaupatei",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupatjadau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupatjandau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ",
      "roman": "kaupatjands",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΉπŒΈπƒ",
      "roman": "kaupatiΓΎs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (kaupatjan)",
      "name": "got-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kaupat",
        "2": "kaupast",
        "j": "ji",
        "pastpart": "kaupatiΓΎs"
      },
      "name": "got-conj-wk1ir"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Gothic",
  "lang_code": "got",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to buffet, slap"
      ],
      "id": "en-πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½-got-verb-2VkIarm2",
      "links": [
        [
          "buffet",
          "buffet"
        ],
        [
          "slap",
          "slap"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kaupōnΔ…",
        "t": "to trade, buy"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kaupōnΔ… (β€œto trade, buy”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "slagazen"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German slagazen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "cΓΊpa"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse cΓΊpa",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "An iterative/intensive derivation from Proto-Germanic *kaupōnΔ… (β€œto trade, buy”), signalling repeated or forceful action. In several other Germanic languages iterative forms became the regular past of the simple verb (such as Old High German slagazen < slagon, Old Norse cΓΊpa < kaupa).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaupatjan",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "got-conj-wk1ir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½",
      "roman": "kaupatjan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupatja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupasta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupatjada",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒΉπƒ",
      "roman": "kaupatjis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πƒ",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“s",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΆπŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupatjaza",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ",
      "roman": "kaupatjiΓΎ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupasta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupatjada",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπ‰πƒ",
      "roman": "kaupatjōs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“du",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ",
      "roman": "kaupatjats",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“duts",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "past",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΌ",
      "roman": "kaupatjam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΌ",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“dum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupatjanda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ",
      "roman": "kaupatjiΓΎ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΈ",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“duΓΎ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupatjanda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³",
      "roman": "kaupatjand",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“dun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupatjanda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupatjau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“djau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupatjaidau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπƒ",
      "roman": "kaupatjais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“deis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupatjaizau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉ",
      "roman": "kaupatjai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΉ",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“di",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupatjaidau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupatjaiwa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“deiwa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ",
      "roman": "kaupatjaits",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“deits",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "past",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupatjaima",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“deima",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupatjaindau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ",
      "roman": "kaupatjaiΓΎ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“deiΓΎ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupatjaindau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupatjaina",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°",
      "roman": "kaupastΔ“deina",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupatjaindau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒ΄πŒΉ",
      "roman": "kaupatei",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupatjadau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ",
      "roman": "kaupatjandau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ",
      "roman": "kaupatjands",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΉπŒΈπƒ",
      "roman": "kaupatiΓΎs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (kaupatjan)",
      "name": "got-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kaupat",
        "2": "kaupast",
        "j": "ji",
        "pastpart": "kaupatiΓΎs"
      },
      "name": "got-conj-wk1ir"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Gothic",
  "lang_code": "got",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Gothic class 1 weak irregular verbs",
        "Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Gothic lemmas",
        "Gothic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Gothic verbs",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to buffet, slap"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "buffet",
          "buffet"
        ],
        [
          "slap",
          "slap"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½"
}

Download raw JSONL data for πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ meaning in Gothic (9.3kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'present passive'",
  "path": [
    "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½"
  ],
  "section": "Gothic",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'present passive'",
  "path": [
    "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½"
  ],
  "section": "Gothic",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "πŒΊπŒ°πŒΏπ€πŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Gothic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-01 using wiktextract (b80cf99 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.