"Schurke" meaning in German

See Schurke in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈʃʊrkə/, [ˈʃʊʁ.kə], [ˈʃʊɐ̯.kə] Audio: De-Schurke.ogg
Etymology: 16th century, derived from Middle High German schurgen, schürgen (“to shove, push, egg on”), from Old High German scurgen. This verb is related with (but probably not the direct ancestor of) modern schüren (“to stir, stoke up”); compare Old High German fiurscurio (“villain”, literally “he who stokes up fire”). Middle High German schurgen shows Upper German umlaut blocking in -ur- + consonant. This southern origin also partially explains the hardening of -g- to -k-, though the lack of any g-forms in Schurke is peculiar. The noun moreover has little currency in dialects, north or south. Etymology templates: {{der|de|gmh|schurgen|schurgen, schürgen|t=to shove, push, egg on}} Middle High German schurgen, schürgen (“to shove, push, egg on”), {{der|de|goh|scurgen}} Old High German scurgen, {{m|de|schüren|t=to stir, stoke up}} schüren (“to stir, stoke up”), {{m+|goh|fiurscurio|lit=he who stokes up fire|t=villain}} Old High German fiurscurio (“villain”, literally “he who stokes up fire”), {{m+|gmh||schurgen}} Middle High German schurgen, {{m|de||Schurke}} Schurke Head templates: {{de-noun|m.weak|f=in}} Schurke m (weak, genitive Schurken, plural Schurken, feminine Schurkin) Inflection templates: {{de-ndecl|m.weak}} Forms: Schurken [genitive], Schurken [plural], Schurkin [feminine], weak [table-tags], Schurke [nominative, singular], Schurken [definite, nominative, plural], Schurken [genitive, singular], Schurken [definite, genitive, plural], Schurken [dative, singular], Schurken [dative, definite, plural], Schurken [accusative, singular], Schurken [accusative, definite, plural]
  1. (higher register) villain, scoundrel Wikipedia link: de:Schurke Tags: masculine, weak Categories (topical): People Synonyms: Schuft, Bösewicht, Übeltäter, Spitzbube Derived forms: Schurkenstaat (english: rogue state) [masculine], Schurkerei, Superschurke
    Sense id: en-Schurke-de-noun-6KfAOWqi Categories (other): German entries with incorrect language header

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for Schurke meaning in German (4.6kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "shark"
          },
          "expansion": "English: shark",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: shark, shirk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "schurk"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: schurk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: schurk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "skurk"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: skurk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: skurk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "skurk"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: skurk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: skurk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "skurk"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: skurk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: skurk"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "schurgen",
        "4": "schurgen, schürgen",
        "t": "to shove, push, egg on"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German schurgen, schürgen (“to shove, push, egg on”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "scurgen"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German scurgen",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "schüren",
        "t": "to stir, stoke up"
      },
      "expansion": "schüren (“to stir, stoke up”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "fiurscurio",
        "lit": "he who stokes up fire",
        "t": "villain"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German fiurscurio (“villain”, literally “he who stokes up fire”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmh",
        "2": "",
        "3": "schurgen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German schurgen",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "",
        "3": "Schurke"
      },
      "expansion": "Schurke",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "16th century, derived from Middle High German schurgen, schürgen (“to shove, push, egg on”), from Old High German scurgen. This verb is related with (but probably not the direct ancestor of) modern schüren (“to stir, stoke up”); compare Old High German fiurscurio (“villain”, literally “he who stokes up fire”). Middle High German schurgen shows Upper German umlaut blocking in -ur- + consonant. This southern origin also partially explains the hardening of -g- to -k-, though the lack of any g-forms in Schurke is peculiar. The noun moreover has little currency in dialects, north or south.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Schurken",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Schurken",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Schurkin",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "de-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Schurke",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Schurken",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Schurken",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Schurken",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Schurken",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Schurken",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Schurken",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Schurken",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m.weak",
        "f": "in"
      },
      "expansion": "Schurke m (weak, genitive Schurken, plural Schurken, feminine Schurkin)",
      "name": "de-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m.weak"
      },
      "name": "de-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "de",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "de:People",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "rogue state",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Schurkenstaat"
        },
        {
          "word": "Schurkerei"
        },
        {
          "word": "Superschurke"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "villain, scoundrel"
      ],
      "id": "en-Schurke-de-noun-6KfAOWqi",
      "links": [
        [
          "villain",
          "villain"
        ],
        [
          "scoundrel",
          "scoundrel"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "higher register",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(higher register) villain, scoundrel"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "Schuft"
        },
        {
          "word": "Bösewicht"
        },
        {
          "word": "Übeltäter"
        },
        {
          "word": "Spitzbube"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "weak"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "de:Schurke"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈʃʊrkə/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈʃʊʁ.kə]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈʃʊɐ̯.kə]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-Schurke.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/De-Schurke.ogg/De-Schurke.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/De-Schurke.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Schurke"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "rogue state",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Schurkenstaat"
    },
    {
      "word": "Schurkerei"
    },
    {
      "word": "Superschurke"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "shark"
          },
          "expansion": "English: shark",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: shark, shirk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "schurk"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: schurk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: schurk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "skurk"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: skurk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: skurk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "skurk"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: skurk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: skurk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "skurk"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: skurk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: skurk"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "schurgen",
        "4": "schurgen, schürgen",
        "t": "to shove, push, egg on"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German schurgen, schürgen (“to shove, push, egg on”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "scurgen"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German scurgen",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "schüren",
        "t": "to stir, stoke up"
      },
      "expansion": "schüren (“to stir, stoke up”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "fiurscurio",
        "lit": "he who stokes up fire",
        "t": "villain"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German fiurscurio (“villain”, literally “he who stokes up fire”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmh",
        "2": "",
        "3": "schurgen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German schurgen",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "",
        "3": "Schurke"
      },
      "expansion": "Schurke",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "16th century, derived from Middle High German schurgen, schürgen (“to shove, push, egg on”), from Old High German scurgen. This verb is related with (but probably not the direct ancestor of) modern schüren (“to stir, stoke up”); compare Old High German fiurscurio (“villain”, literally “he who stokes up fire”). Middle High German schurgen shows Upper German umlaut blocking in -ur- + consonant. This southern origin also partially explains the hardening of -g- to -k-, though the lack of any g-forms in Schurke is peculiar. The noun moreover has little currency in dialects, north or south.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Schurken",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Schurken",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Schurkin",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "de-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Schurke",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Schurken",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Schurken",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Schurken",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Schurken",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Schurken",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Schurken",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Schurken",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m.weak",
        "f": "in"
      },
      "expansion": "Schurke m (weak, genitive Schurken, plural Schurken, feminine Schurkin)",
      "name": "de-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m.weak"
      },
      "name": "de-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "German 2-syllable words",
        "German entries with incorrect language header",
        "German higher register terms",
        "German lemmas",
        "German masculine nouns",
        "German nouns",
        "German terms derived from Middle High German",
        "German terms derived from Old High German",
        "German terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "German terms with audio links",
        "German weak nouns",
        "de:People"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "villain, scoundrel"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "villain",
          "villain"
        ],
        [
          "scoundrel",
          "scoundrel"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "higher register",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(higher register) villain, scoundrel"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "Schuft"
        },
        {
          "word": "Bösewicht"
        },
        {
          "word": "Übeltäter"
        },
        {
          "word": "Spitzbube"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "weak"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "de:Schurke"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈʃʊrkə/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈʃʊʁ.kə]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈʃʊɐ̯.kə]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-Schurke.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/De-Schurke.ogg/De-Schurke.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/De-Schurke.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Schurke"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable German dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.