See Back in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gml",
"3": "bak",
"4": "",
"5": "bowl, box, chest"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German bak (“bowl, box, chest”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "dum",
"3": "bak"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bak",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bak"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bak",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "fro",
"3": "bac",
"4": "",
"5": "large bowl"
},
"expansion": "Old French bac (“large bowl”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Low German bak (“bowl, box, chest”), from Middle Dutch bak (modern Dutch bak), from Old French bac (“large bowl”). Related with Becken, but unrelated with Backbord.\nThe sense “dining table” is due to the fact that several sailors would eat from one bowl, so the word Back came to be used for the entire area that they shared. The sense “forecastle” might be a further generalisation because it is this part of the ship where the sailors ate and slept. Otherwise it could be derived from the sense “box, chest”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Back",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Backen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "Back f (genitive Back, plural Backen)",
"name": "de-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "de:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forecastle (raised part of the upper deck)"
],
"id": "en-Back-de-noun-qWiQP2F3",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"forecastle",
"forecastle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) forecastle (raised part of the upper deck)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "de:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a large wooden bowl in which the meal is served"
],
"id": "en-Back-de-noun-t7XUPE18",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"wooden",
"wooden"
],
[
"bowl",
"bowl"
],
[
"meal",
"meal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) a large wooden bowl in which the meal is served"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "de:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a dining table used by the crew of a ship, often foldable"
],
"id": "en-Back-de-noun-fx3isR4N",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"dining table",
"dining table"
],
[
"crew",
"crew"
],
[
"ship",
"ship"
],
[
"foldable",
"foldable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) a dining table used by the crew of a ship, often foldable"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bak/"
},
{
"audio": "De-Back.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/De-Back.ogg/De-Back.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/De-Back.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ak"
},
{
"homophone": "back"
},
{
"homophone": "Bug (“computer bug”)"
}
],
"word": "Back"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "en",
"3": "back"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English back",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Bache"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Bache",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English back. Doublet of Bache.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Backs",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m,,s"
},
"expansion": "Back m (strong, genitive Backs, plural Backs)",
"name": "de-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m,,s"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Switzerland German",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Football (soccer)",
"orig": "de:Football (soccer)",
"parents": [
"Football",
"Ball games",
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "15 12 23 9 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"defender; back"
],
"id": "en-Back-de-noun-l8hfG5KW",
"links": [
[
"soccer",
"soccer"
],
[
"defender",
"defender"
],
[
"back",
"back"
]
],
"qualifier": "otherwise obsolete",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Switzerland, otherwise obsolete, soccer) defender; back"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Abwehrspieler"
},
{
"word": "Verteidiger"
}
],
"tags": [
"Switzerland",
"masculine",
"strong"
],
"topics": [
"ball-games",
"games",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"soccer",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɛk/"
},
{
"homophone": "Beck"
},
{
"homophone": "-beck"
}
],
"word": "Back"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "Backs",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"raw_tags": [
"with an article"
],
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "surname"
},
"expansion": "Back m or f (proper noun, surname, masculine genitive Backs or (with an article) Back, feminine genitive Back, plural Backs)",
"name": "de-proper noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "surname"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "German surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"id": "en-Back-de-name-v2O7m9sM",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"proper-noun",
"surname"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bak/"
},
{
"audio": "De-Back.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/De-Back.ogg/De-Back.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/De-Back.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ak"
},
{
"homophone": "back"
},
{
"homophone": "Bug (“computer bug”)"
}
],
"word": "Back"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German feminine nouns",
"German lemmas",
"German masculine nouns",
"German nouns",
"German nouns with multiple genders",
"German proper nouns",
"German terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"German terms derived from Middle Low German",
"German terms derived from Old French",
"German terms with homophones",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:German/ak",
"Rhymes:German/ak/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gml",
"3": "bak",
"4": "",
"5": "bowl, box, chest"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German bak (“bowl, box, chest”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "dum",
"3": "bak"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bak",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bak"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bak",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "fro",
"3": "bac",
"4": "",
"5": "large bowl"
},
"expansion": "Old French bac (“large bowl”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Low German bak (“bowl, box, chest”), from Middle Dutch bak (modern Dutch bak), from Old French bac (“large bowl”). Related with Becken, but unrelated with Backbord.\nThe sense “dining table” is due to the fact that several sailors would eat from one bowl, so the word Back came to be used for the entire area that they shared. The sense “forecastle” might be a further generalisation because it is this part of the ship where the sailors ate and slept. Otherwise it could be derived from the sense “box, chest”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Back",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Backen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "Back f (genitive Back, plural Backen)",
"name": "de-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"de:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"forecastle (raised part of the upper deck)"
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"forecastle",
"forecastle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) forecastle (raised part of the upper deck)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"de:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"a large wooden bowl in which the meal is served"
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"wooden",
"wooden"
],
[
"bowl",
"bowl"
],
[
"meal",
"meal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) a large wooden bowl in which the meal is served"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"de:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"a dining table used by the crew of a ship, often foldable"
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"dining table",
"dining table"
],
[
"crew",
"crew"
],
[
"ship",
"ship"
],
[
"foldable",
"foldable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) a dining table used by the crew of a ship, often foldable"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bak/"
},
{
"audio": "De-Back.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/De-Back.ogg/De-Back.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/De-Back.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ak"
},
{
"homophone": "back"
},
{
"homophone": "Bug (“computer bug”)"
}
],
"word": "Back"
}
{
"categories": [
"German doublets",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German feminine nouns",
"German lemmas",
"German masculine nouns",
"German nouns",
"German nouns with multiple genders",
"German proper nouns",
"German terms borrowed from English",
"German terms derived from English",
"German terms with homophones",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:German/ak",
"Rhymes:German/ak/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "en",
"3": "back"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English back",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Bache"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Bache",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English back. Doublet of Bache.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Backs",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m,,s"
},
"expansion": "Back m (strong, genitive Backs, plural Backs)",
"name": "de-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m,,s"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German terms with obsolete senses",
"Switzerland German",
"de:Football (soccer)"
],
"glosses": [
"defender; back"
],
"links": [
[
"soccer",
"soccer"
],
[
"defender",
"defender"
],
[
"back",
"back"
]
],
"qualifier": "otherwise obsolete",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Switzerland, otherwise obsolete, soccer) defender; back"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Abwehrspieler"
},
{
"word": "Verteidiger"
}
],
"tags": [
"Switzerland",
"masculine",
"strong"
],
"topics": [
"ball-games",
"games",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"soccer",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɛk/"
},
{
"homophone": "Beck"
},
{
"homophone": "-beck"
}
],
"word": "Back"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German feminine nouns",
"German lemmas",
"German masculine nouns",
"German nouns with multiple genders",
"German proper nouns",
"German terms with homophones",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:German/ak",
"Rhymes:German/ak/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "Backs",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"raw_tags": [
"with an article"
],
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Back",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Backs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "surname"
},
"expansion": "Back m or f (proper noun, surname, masculine genitive Backs or (with an article) Back, feminine genitive Back, plural Backs)",
"name": "de-proper noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "surname"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German surnames"
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"proper-noun",
"surname"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bak/"
},
{
"audio": "De-Back.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/De-Back.ogg/De-Back.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/De-Back.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ak"
},
{
"homophone": "back"
},
{
"homophone": "Bug (“computer bug”)"
}
],
"word": "Back"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Back meaning in German (9.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable German dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (db0bec0 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.