"-ien" meaning in German

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  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "-ie"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German -ie",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-ia",
        "pos": "feminine singular"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -ia (feminine singular)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German -ie, -je, from Latin -ia (feminine singular). Nouns with this Latinate suffix were originally strong (i.e. invariable) feminines, but inflected forms in -ien arose when the distinction between strong and weak feminines collapsed in later Middle High German. These were then treated by analogy with local names like Böhmen, Franken, Sachsen etc. (all originally dative plural of a tribe name).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "suffix",
        "g": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "-ien n",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Tscheche (“Czech person”) + -ien → Tschechien (“Czechia”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Jordan (“Jordan”, river) + -ien → Jordanien (“Jordan”, country)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form country names; -ia"
      ],
      "id": "en--ien-de-suffix-doNg2j2K",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ia",
          "-ia"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/i̯ən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[i.ən]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[jən]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q188 (deu)-Frank C. Müller--ien.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d6/LL-Q188_%28deu%29-Frank_C._M%C3%BCller--ien.wav/LL-Q188_%28deu%29-Frank_C._M%C3%BCller--ien.wav.mp3",
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    }
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  "word": "-ien"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-ia",
        "pos": "neuter plural"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -ia (neuter plural)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin -ia (neuter plural). In some cases, analysable within German as a regular plural of an earlier form in -ium; e.g. Principium as an obsolete variant of Prinzip. The singular ending was sometimes lost, leaving -ien as a new, irregular plural suffix. In other cases, simply following the Latin i-declension (singular in -e, plural in -ia).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "suffix",
        "g": "p"
      },
      "expansion": "-ien pl",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 23 14 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 9 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 88",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 88",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German pluralia tantum",
          "parents": [
            "Pluralia tantum",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Material + -ien → Materialien",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Prinzip + -ien → Prinzipien",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Reptil + -ien → Reptilien",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the plurals of some neuter nouns of Latin descent whose original plural ends in -ia."
      ],
      "id": "en--ien-de-suffix-ZlZOuBH4",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ia",
          "-ia#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/i̯ən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[i.ən]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[jən]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q188 (deu)-Frank C. Müller--ien.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d6/LL-Q188_%28deu%29-Frank_C._M%C3%BCller--ien.wav/LL-Q188_%28deu%29-Frank_C._M%C3%BCller--ien.wav.mp3",
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    }
  ],
  "word": "-ien"
}

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  "categories": [
    "German entries with incorrect language header",
    "German lemmas",
    "German neuter suffixes",
    "German pluralia tantum",
    "German suffixes",
    "German terms derived from Latin",
    "German terms derived from Middle High German",
    "German terms inherited from Middle High German",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "-ie"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German -ie",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-ia",
        "pos": "feminine singular"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -ia (feminine singular)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German -ie, -je, from Latin -ia (feminine singular). Nouns with this Latinate suffix were originally strong (i.e. invariable) feminines, but inflected forms in -ien arose when the distinction between strong and weak feminines collapsed in later Middle High German. These were then treated by analogy with local names like Böhmen, Franken, Sachsen etc. (all originally dative plural of a tribe name).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "suffix",
        "g": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "-ien n",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Tscheche (“Czech person”) + -ien → Tschechien (“Czechia”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Jordan (“Jordan”, river) + -ien → Jordanien (“Jordan”, country)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form country names; -ia"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-ia",
          "-ia"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/i̯ən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[i.ən]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[jən]"
    },
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      "audio": "LL-Q188 (deu)-Frank C. Müller--ien.wav",
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    }
  ],
  "word": "-ien"
}

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  "categories": [
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    "German lemmas",
    "German pluralia tantum",
    "German suffixes",
    "German terms derived from Latin",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-ia",
        "pos": "neuter plural"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -ia (neuter plural)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin -ia (neuter plural). In some cases, analysable within German as a regular plural of an earlier form in -ium; e.g. Principium as an obsolete variant of Prinzip. The singular ending was sometimes lost, leaving -ien as a new, irregular plural suffix. In other cases, simply following the Latin i-declension (singular in -e, plural in -ia).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "suffix",
        "g": "p"
      },
      "expansion": "-ien pl",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Material + -ien → Materialien",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Prinzip + -ien → Prinzipien",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Reptil + -ien → Reptilien",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the plurals of some neuter nouns of Latin descent whose original plural ends in -ia."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-ia",
          "-ia#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/i̯ən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[i.ən]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[jən]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q188 (deu)-Frank C. Müller--ien.wav",
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  "word": "-ien"
}