"parfum" meaning in French

See parfum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /paʁ.fœ̃/, /paʁ.fɛ̃/ (note: with merger of un with in) Audio: Fr-parfum.ogg Forms: parfums [plural]
Rhymes: -œ̃ Etymology: From Middle French parfumer (“to scent”), borrowed from Old Occitan perfumar or another language around the Mediterranean coast, cf. Italian profumare, themselves from Latin per- (“through, thoroughly”) + fumāre (“to smoke”). Etymology templates: {{der|fr|frm|parfumer||to scent}} Middle French parfumer (“to scent”), {{der|fr|pro|perfumar}} Old Occitan perfumar, {{cog|it|profumare}} Italian profumare, {{der|fr|la|per-||through, thoroughly}} Latin per- (“through, thoroughly”) Head templates: {{fr-noun|m}} parfum m (plural parfums)
  1. perfume (scented toiletry) Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-parfum-fr-noun-XxZQkBZ5
  2. scent, desirable smell Tags: masculine Categories (topical): Smell
    Sense id: en-parfum-fr-noun-YRuQgyMo Disambiguation of Smell: 22 64 14 Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, French terms with irregularly silent consonant Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 14 48 37 Disambiguation of French terms with irregularly silent consonant: 27 46 27
  3. flavour, aroma, taste (e.g., of ice cream) Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-parfum-fr-noun-UaDI5Cwy
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: au parfum, eau de parfum, esprit de parfum, parfum de toilette, parfumerie Related terms: parfumer, parfumeur, parfumeuse

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "au parfum"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "eau de parfum"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "esprit de parfum"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "parfum de toilette"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "parfumerie"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "parfume",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Danish: parfume",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Danish: parfume"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "parfum",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Dutch: parfum",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Dutch: parfum"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Parfüm",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ German: Parfüm",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ German: Parfüm (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "parfum",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: parfum",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: parfum"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "parfüm",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Turkish: parfüm",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Turkish: parfüm"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "parfumer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to scent"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French parfumer (“to scent”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "pro",
        "3": "perfumar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Occitan perfumar",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "profumare"
      },
      "expansion": "Italian profumare",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "per-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "through, thoroughly"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin per- (“through, thoroughly”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle French parfumer (“to scent”), borrowed from Old Occitan perfumar or another language around the Mediterranean coast, cf. Italian profumare, themselves from Latin per- (“through, thoroughly”) + fumāre (“to smoke”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "parfums",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "parfum m (plural parfums)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "parfumer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "parfumeur"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "parfumeuse"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "perfume (scented toiletry)"
      ],
      "id": "en-parfum-fr-noun-XxZQkBZ5",
      "links": [
        [
          "perfume",
          "perfume"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "14 48 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 46 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French terms with irregularly silent consonant",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 64 14",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Smell",
          "orig": "fr:Smell",
          "parents": [
            "Senses",
            "Perception",
            "Body",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "scent, desirable smell"
      ],
      "id": "en-parfum-fr-noun-YRuQgyMo",
      "links": [
        [
          "scent",
          "scent"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Raspberry flavor is rarely natural",
          "text": "Le parfum des framboises est rarement naturel.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "flavour, aroma, taste (e.g., of ice cream)"
      ],
      "id": "en-parfum-fr-noun-UaDI5Cwy",
      "links": [
        [
          "flavour",
          "flavour"
        ],
        [
          "aroma",
          "aroma"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/paʁ.fœ̃/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/paʁ.fɛ̃/",
      "note": "with merger of un with in"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-parfum.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/97/Fr-parfum.ogg/Fr-parfum.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Fr-parfum.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-œ̃"
    }
  ],
  "word": "parfum"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "French 2-syllable words",
    "French countable nouns",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French lemmas",
    "French masculine nouns",
    "French nouns",
    "French terms derived from Latin",
    "French terms derived from Middle French",
    "French terms derived from Old Occitan",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French terms with irregularly silent consonant",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:French/œ̃",
    "Rhymes:French/œ̃/2 syllables",
    "fr:Smell"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "au parfum"
    },
    {
      "word": "eau de parfum"
    },
    {
      "word": "esprit de parfum"
    },
    {
      "word": "parfum de toilette"
    },
    {
      "word": "parfumerie"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "parfume",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Danish: parfume",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Danish: parfume"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "parfum",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Dutch: parfum",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Dutch: parfum"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Parfüm",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ German: Parfüm",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ German: Parfüm (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "parfum",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: parfum",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: parfum"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "parfüm",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Turkish: parfüm",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Turkish: parfüm"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "parfumer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to scent"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French parfumer (“to scent”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "pro",
        "3": "perfumar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Occitan perfumar",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "profumare"
      },
      "expansion": "Italian profumare",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "per-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "through, thoroughly"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin per- (“through, thoroughly”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle French parfumer (“to scent”), borrowed from Old Occitan perfumar or another language around the Mediterranean coast, cf. Italian profumare, themselves from Latin per- (“through, thoroughly”) + fumāre (“to smoke”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "parfums",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "parfum m (plural parfums)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "parfumer"
    },
    {
      "word": "parfumeur"
    },
    {
      "word": "parfumeuse"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "perfume (scented toiletry)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "perfume",
          "perfume"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "scent, desirable smell"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "scent",
          "scent"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Raspberry flavor is rarely natural",
          "text": "Le parfum des framboises est rarement naturel.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "flavour, aroma, taste (e.g., of ice cream)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "flavour",
          "flavour"
        ],
        [
          "aroma",
          "aroma"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/paʁ.fœ̃/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/paʁ.fɛ̃/",
      "note": "with merger of un with in"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-parfum.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/97/Fr-parfum.ogg/Fr-parfum.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Fr-parfum.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-œ̃"
    }
  ],
  "word": "parfum"
}

Download raw JSONL data for parfum meaning in French (3.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.