See parfum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for parfum meaning in French (5.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "au parfum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "eau de parfum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "esprit de parfum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "parfum de toilette"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "parfumer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "parfumeur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "parfumerie"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "parfume",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: parfume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: parfume"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "parfum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: parfum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: parfum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Parfüm",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Parfüm",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Parfüm (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "parfum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: parfum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: parfum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "parfüm",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: parfüm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: parfüm"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "parfumer",
"4": "",
"5": "to scent"
},
"expansion": "Middle French parfumer (“to scent”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "pro",
"3": "perfumar"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan perfumar",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "profumare"
},
"expansion": "Italian profumare",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "per-",
"4": "",
"5": "through, thoroughly"
},
"expansion": "Latin per- (“through, thoroughly”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fumo",
"3": "fumāre",
"4": "to smoke"
},
"expansion": "fumāre (“to smoke”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French parfumer (“to scent”), borrowed from Old Occitan perfumar or another language around the Mediterranean coast, cf. Italian profumare, themselves from Latin per- (“through, thoroughly”) + fumāre (“to smoke”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "parfums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "parfum m (plural parfums)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 24 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 31 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 33 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French terms with irregularly silent consonant",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"perfume (scented toiletry)"
],
"id": "en-parfum-fr-noun-XxZQkBZ5",
"links": [
[
"perfume",
"perfume"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 24 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 31 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 33 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French terms with irregularly silent consonant",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 60 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Smell",
"orig": "fr:Smell",
"parents": [
"Senses",
"Perception",
"Body",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"scent, desirable smell"
],
"id": "en-parfum-fr-noun-YRuQgyMo",
"links": [
[
"scent",
"scent"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 24 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 31 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 33 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French terms with irregularly silent consonant",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Raspberry flavor is rarely natural",
"text": "Le parfum des framboises est rarement naturel.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"flavour, aroma, taste (e.g., of ice cream)"
],
"id": "en-parfum-fr-noun-UaDI5Cwy",
"links": [
[
"flavour",
"flavour"
],
[
"aroma",
"aroma"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/paʁ.fœ̃/"
},
{
"ipa": "/paʁ.fɛ̃/",
"note": "with merger of un with in"
},
{
"rhymes": "-œ̃"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-parfum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/97/Fr-parfum.ogg/Fr-parfum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Fr-parfum.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "parfum"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old Occitan",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links",
"French terms with irregularly silent consonant",
"Rhymes:French/œ̃",
"Rhymes:French/œ̃/2 syllables",
"fr:Smell"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "au parfum"
},
{
"word": "eau de parfum"
},
{
"word": "esprit de parfum"
},
{
"word": "parfum de toilette"
},
{
"word": "parfumer"
},
{
"word": "parfumeur"
},
{
"word": "parfumerie"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "parfume",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: parfume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: parfume"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "parfum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: parfum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: parfum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Parfüm",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Parfüm",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Parfüm (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "parfum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: parfum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: parfum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "parfüm",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: parfüm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: parfüm"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "parfumer",
"4": "",
"5": "to scent"
},
"expansion": "Middle French parfumer (“to scent”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "pro",
"3": "perfumar"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan perfumar",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "profumare"
},
"expansion": "Italian profumare",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "per-",
"4": "",
"5": "through, thoroughly"
},
"expansion": "Latin per- (“through, thoroughly”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fumo",
"3": "fumāre",
"4": "to smoke"
},
"expansion": "fumāre (“to smoke”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French parfumer (“to scent”), borrowed from Old Occitan perfumar or another language around the Mediterranean coast, cf. Italian profumare, themselves from Latin per- (“through, thoroughly”) + fumāre (“to smoke”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "parfums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "parfum m (plural parfums)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"perfume (scented toiletry)"
],
"links": [
[
"perfume",
"perfume"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"scent, desirable smell"
],
"links": [
[
"scent",
"scent"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Raspberry flavor is rarely natural",
"text": "Le parfum des framboises est rarement naturel.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"flavour, aroma, taste (e.g., of ice cream)"
],
"links": [
[
"flavour",
"flavour"
],
[
"aroma",
"aroma"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/paʁ.fœ̃/"
},
{
"ipa": "/paʁ.fɛ̃/",
"note": "with merger of un with in"
},
{
"rhymes": "-œ̃"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-parfum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/97/Fr-parfum.ogg/Fr-parfum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Fr-parfum.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "parfum"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.