See crosse in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "crosse de fougère"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "crossa"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"crosse",
"crosse#Middle_French"
],
[
"crosse",
"crosse#Old_French"
],
[
"*krukkju",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/krukkju"
],
[
"*krukjō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/krukjō"
],
[
"krucka",
"krucka#Old_High_German"
],
[
"krukka",
"krukka#Old_Saxon"
],
[
"crucke",
"crucke#Middle_Dutch"
],
[
"crutch",
"crutch#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "crosse",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French crosse",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "crosse"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French crosse",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "crosse",
"t": "shepherd's staff"
},
"expansion": "Old French crosse (“shepherd's staff”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "gem"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*krukkju"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *krukkju",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krukjō",
"t": "staff, crutch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krukjō (“staff, crutch”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "krucka"
},
"expansion": "Old High German krucka",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "krukka"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon krukka",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "crucke"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch crucke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crutch"
},
"expansion": "English crutch",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French crosse, from Old French crosse (“shepherd's staff”), from a Germanic language, likely Frankish *krukkju, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *krukjō (“staff, crutch”).\nCompare Old High German krucka, Old Saxon krukka, Middle Dutch crucke, English crutch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crosses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "crosse f (plural crosses)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"butt (of rifle etc.)"
],
"id": "en-crosse-fr-noun-s6CwT3op",
"links": [
[
"butt",
"butt"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"stick"
],
"id": "en-crosse-fr-noun-j1PdkUzt",
"links": [
[
"stick",
"stick"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"crosier"
],
"id": "en-crosse-fr-noun-p~f8H2GO",
"links": [
[
"crosier",
"crosier"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French French",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Sports",
"orig": "fr:Sports",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 6 75 1 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 7 77 1 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Golf",
"orig": "fr:Golf",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 88 1 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Hockey",
"orig": "fr:Hockey",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hockey stick, lacrosse stick, or golf club"
],
"id": "en-crosse-fr-noun-PR~pYtdG",
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"hockey stick",
"hockey stick"
],
[
"lacrosse stick",
"lacrosse stick"
],
[
"golf club",
"golf club"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(France, sports) hockey stick, lacrosse stick, or golf club"
],
"tags": [
"France",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 21 79 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Lacrosse",
"orig": "fr:Lacrosse",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lacrosse"
],
"id": "en-crosse-fr-noun-LmLI1gLO",
"links": [
[
"lacrosse",
"lacrosse"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lacrosse"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Canadian French",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-crosse-fr-noun-GflNMOHc",
"links": [
[
"fraud",
"fraud"
],
[
"swindle",
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]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Canada, uncountable, informal) fraud, a swindle (usually as de la crosse)"
],
"tags": [
"Canada",
"feminine",
"informal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Canadian French",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"masturbation"
],
"id": "en-crosse-fr-noun-dDBWFrK8",
"links": [
[
"masturbation",
"masturbation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Canada, vulgar) masturbation"
],
"tags": [
"Canada",
"feminine",
"vulgar"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"tags": [
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},
{
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"note": "Somain",
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"note": "Agen",
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"tags": [
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]
}
],
"word": "crosse"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French feminine nouns",
"French lemmas",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Frankish",
"French terms derived from Germanic languages",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"fr:Golf",
"fr:Hockey",
"fr:Lacrosse"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "crosse de fougère"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "crossa"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"crosse",
"crosse#Middle_French"
],
[
"crosse",
"crosse#Old_French"
],
[
"*krukkju",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/krukkju"
],
[
"*krukjō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/krukjō"
],
[
"krucka",
"krucka#Old_High_German"
],
[
"krukka",
"krukka#Old_Saxon"
],
[
"crucke",
"crucke#Middle_Dutch"
],
[
"crutch",
"crutch#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
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"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French crosse",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French crosse",
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{
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"2": "fro",
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"t": "shepherd's staff"
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},
{
"args": {
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{
"args": {
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{
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"2": "gem-pro",
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
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},
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "krukka"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon krukka",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "crucke"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crutch"
},
"expansion": "English crutch",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French crosse, from Old French crosse (“shepherd's staff”), from a Germanic language, likely Frankish *krukkju, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *krukjō (“staff, crutch”).\nCompare Old High German krucka, Old Saxon krukka, Middle Dutch crucke, English crutch.",
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"tags": [
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]
}
],
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},
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],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
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"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
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"butt"
]
],
"tags": [
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]
},
{
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],
"links": [
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"stick"
]
],
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
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],
"tags": [
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]
},
{
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],
"links": [
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"sports"
],
[
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],
[
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],
[
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"golf club"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
"tags": [
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"feminine"
],
"topics": [
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"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
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],
"links": [
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"synonyms": [
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}
],
"tags": [
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]
},
{
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"French informal terms",
"French uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
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"fraud"
],
[
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"swindle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
"tags": [
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"feminine",
"informal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
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"French vulgarities"
],
"glosses": [
"masturbation"
],
"links": [
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"masturbation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Canada, vulgar) masturbation"
],
"tags": [
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"feminine",
"vulgar"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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},
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},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Poslovitch-crosse.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Poslovitch-crosse.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Poslovitch-crosse.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Poslovitch-crosse.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Poslovitch-crosse.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"France",
"Vosges"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-crosse.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b8/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-crosse.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-crosse.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b8/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-crosse.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-crosse.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"France",
"Lyon"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-crosse.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c0/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-crosse.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-crosse.wav.mp3",
"note": "Somain",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c0/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-crosse.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-crosse.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"France"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Bananax47-crosse.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/67/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Bananax47-crosse.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Bananax47-crosse.wav.mp3",
"note": "Agen",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/67/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Bananax47-crosse.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Bananax47-crosse.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"France"
]
}
],
"word": "crosse"
}
Download raw JSONL data for crosse meaning in French (7.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.