"crosse" meaning in All languages combined

See crosse on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

Forms: crosses [plural]
Etymology: From French crosse (“stick”). Etymology templates: {{der|en|fr|crosse||stick}} French crosse (“stick”) Head templates: {{en-noun}} crosse (plural crosses)
  1. A lacrosse stick. Categories (topical): Lacrosse Translations (lacrosse stick): crosse [feminine] (French), crosóg [feminine] (Irish)

Noun [French]

IPA: /kʁɔs/ Audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Ltrlg-crosse.wav Forms: crosses [plural]
Etymology: Inherited from Middle French crosse, from Old French crosse (“shepherd's staff”), from a Germanic language, likely Frankish *krukkju, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *krukjō (“staff, crutch”). Compare Old High German krucka, Old Saxon krukka, Middle Dutch crucke, English crutch. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|frm|crosse|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Middle French crosse, {{inh+|fr|frm|crosse}} Inherited from Middle French crosse, {{inh|fr|fro|crosse|t=shepherd's staff}} Old French crosse (“shepherd's staff”), {{der|fr|gem}} Germanic, {{der|fr|frk|*krukkju}} Frankish *krukkju, {{der|fr|gem-pro|*krukjō|t=staff, crutch}} Proto-Germanic *krukjō (“staff, crutch”), {{cog|goh|krucka}} Old High German krucka, {{cog|osx|krukka}} Old Saxon krukka, {{cog|dum|crucke}} Middle Dutch crucke, {{cog|en|crutch}} English crutch Head templates: {{fr-noun|f}} crosse f (plural crosses)
  1. butt (of rifle etc.) Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-crosse-fr-noun-s6CwT3op
  2. stick Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-crosse-fr-noun-j1PdkUzt
  3. crosier Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-crosse-fr-noun-p~f8H2GO
  4. (France, sports) hockey stick, lacrosse stick, or golf club Tags: France, feminine Categories (topical): Sports, Golf, Hockey, Lacrosse
    Sense id: en-crosse-fr-noun-PR~pYtdG Disambiguation of Golf: 7 1 3 70 12 5 2 Disambiguation of Hockey: 9 1 1 69 11 6 3 Disambiguation of Lacrosse: 3 1 1 50 40 3 2 Categories (other): French French, French entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 3 1 3 54 28 6 5 Topics: hobbies, lifestyle, sports
  5. lacrosse Tags: feminine Categories (topical): Lacrosse Synonyms: lacrosse
    Sense id: en-crosse-fr-noun-LmLI1gLO Disambiguation of Lacrosse: 3 1 1 50 40 3 2
  6. (Canada, uncountable, informal) fraud, a swindle (usually as de la crosse) Tags: Canada, feminine, informal, uncountable
    Sense id: en-crosse-fr-noun-GflNMOHc Categories (other): Canadian French
  7. (Canada, vulgar) masturbation Tags: Canada, feminine, vulgar
    Sense id: en-crosse-fr-noun-dDBWFrK8 Categories (other): Canadian French
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: crosse de fougère

Noun [Middle English]

Head templates: {{head|enm|noun}} crosse
  1. Alternative form of cross Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: cross
    Sense id: en-crosse-enm-noun-KEpFjwvm Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header

Noun [Walloon]

IPA: /kʀɔs/ Forms: crosses [plural]
Etymology: From Latin crusta. Etymology templates: {{der|wa|la|crusta}} Latin crusta Head templates: {{head|wa|noun||||{{{2}}}|plural|crosses||{{{plural2}}}||{{{3}}}||{{{3}}}s|f3accel-form=p|g=f|g2=|head=|sort=}} crosse f (plural crosses), {{wa-noun|f}} crosse f (plural crosses)
  1. crust (outer layer of bread and pastry). Tags: feminine Derived forms: pice-crosse, cache-ås-crosses
    Sense id: en-crosse-wa-noun-jxb3tv1i Categories (other): Walloon entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Walloon entries with incorrect language header: 45 31 22 2
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun [Walloon]

IPA: /kʀɔs/ Forms: crosses [plural]
Etymology: From Frankish *krukkju. Etymology templates: {{der|wa|frk|*krukkju}} Frankish *krukkju Head templates: {{head|wa|noun||||{{{2}}}|plural|crosses||{{{plural2}}}||{{{3}}}||{{{3}}}s|f3accel-form=p|g=f|g2=|head=|sort=}} crosse f (plural crosses), {{wa-noun|f}} crosse f (plural crosses)
  1. crook, crosier. Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-crosse-wa-noun-LmjkE95t
  2. crutch. Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-crosse-wa-noun-1JSYQZ5G
  3. butt. Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-crosse-wa-noun-8U1kfzCS
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: crossete, crossî
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for crosse meaning in All languages combined (9.7kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "crosse",
        "4": "",
        "5": "stick"
      },
      "expansion": "French crosse (“stick”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From French crosse (“stick”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "crosses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "crosse (plural crosses)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Lacrosse",
          "orig": "en:Lacrosse",
          "parents": [
            "Ball games",
            "Racquet sports",
            "Sports",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A lacrosse stick."
      ],
      "id": "en-crosse-en-noun-b7RuiV6m",
      "links": [
        [
          "lacrosse stick",
          "lacrosse stick"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "lacrosse stick",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "crosse"
        },
        {
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "lacrosse stick",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "crosóg"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "crosse"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crosse de fougère"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "crossa",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: crossa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: crossa"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "crosse",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French crosse",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "crosse"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French crosse",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "crosse",
        "t": "shepherd's staff"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French crosse (“shepherd's staff”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gem"
      },
      "expansion": "Germanic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*krukkju"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *krukkju",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*krukjō",
        "t": "staff, crutch"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krukjō (“staff, crutch”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "krucka"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German krucka",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "krukka"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon krukka",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "crucke"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch crucke",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "crutch"
      },
      "expansion": "English crutch",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French crosse, from Old French crosse (“shepherd's staff”), from a Germanic language, likely Frankish *krukkju, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *krukjō (“staff, crutch”).\nCompare Old High German krucka, Old Saxon krukka, Middle Dutch crucke, English crutch.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "crosses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "crosse f (plural crosses)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "butt (of rifle etc.)"
      ],
      "id": "en-crosse-fr-noun-s6CwT3op",
      "links": [
        [
          "butt",
          "butt"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "stick"
      ],
      "id": "en-crosse-fr-noun-j1PdkUzt",
      "links": [
        [
          "stick",
          "stick"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "crosier"
      ],
      "id": "en-crosse-fr-noun-p~f8H2GO",
      "links": [
        [
          "crosier",
          "crosier"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French French",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Sports",
          "orig": "fr:Sports",
          "parents": [
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 3 54 28 6 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 1 3 70 12 5 2",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Golf",
          "orig": "fr:Golf",
          "parents": [
            "Ball games",
            "Sports",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 1 1 69 11 6 3",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Hockey",
          "orig": "fr:Hockey",
          "parents": [
            "Sports",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 1 50 40 3 2",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Lacrosse",
          "orig": "fr:Lacrosse",
          "parents": [
            "Ball games",
            "Racquet sports",
            "Sports",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hockey stick, lacrosse stick, or golf club"
      ],
      "id": "en-crosse-fr-noun-PR~pYtdG",
      "links": [
        [
          "sports",
          "sports"
        ],
        [
          "hockey stick",
          "hockey stick"
        ],
        [
          "lacrosse stick",
          "lacrosse stick"
        ],
        [
          "golf club",
          "golf club"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(France, sports) hockey stick, lacrosse stick, or golf club"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 1 50 40 3 2",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Lacrosse",
          "orig": "fr:Lacrosse",
          "parents": [
            "Ball games",
            "Racquet sports",
            "Sports",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lacrosse"
      ],
      "id": "en-crosse-fr-noun-LmLI1gLO",
      "links": [
        [
          "lacrosse",
          "lacrosse"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lacrosse"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Canadian French",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "fraud, a swindle (usually as de la crosse)"
      ],
      "id": "en-crosse-fr-noun-GflNMOHc",
      "links": [
        [
          "fraud",
          "fraud"
        ],
        [
          "swindle",
          "swindle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Canada, uncountable, informal) fraud, a swindle (usually as de la crosse)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "feminine",
        "informal",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Canadian French",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "masturbation"
      ],
      "id": "en-crosse-fr-noun-dDBWFrK8",
      "links": [
        [
          "masturbation",
          "masturbation"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Canada, vulgar) masturbation"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "feminine",
        "vulgar"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kʁɔs/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Ltrlg-crosse.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/23/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Ltrlg-crosse.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Ltrlg-crosse.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/23/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Ltrlg-crosse.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Ltrlg-crosse.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "crosse"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "crosse",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "cross"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of cross"
      ],
      "id": "en-crosse-enm-noun-KEpFjwvm",
      "links": [
        [
          "cross",
          "cross#Middle English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "crosse"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wa",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "crusta"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin crusta",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin crusta.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "crosses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
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        "10": "{{{plural2}}}",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{3}}}",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{3}}}s",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "plural",
        "8": "crosses",
        "9": "",
        "f3accel-form": "p",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "crosse f (plural crosses)",
      "name": "head"
    },
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      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "crosse f (plural crosses)",
      "name": "wa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Walloon",
  "lang_code": "wa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "45 31 22 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Walloon entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "pice-crosse"
        },
        {
          "word": "cache-ås-crosses"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "crust (outer layer of bread and pastry)."
      ],
      "id": "en-crosse-wa-noun-jxb3tv1i",
      "links": [
        [
          "crust",
          "crust"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kʀɔs/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "crosse"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "crossete"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "crossî"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
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        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*krukkju"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *krukkju",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Frankish *krukkju.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "crosses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
        "1": "wa",
        "10": "{{{plural2}}}",
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        "12": "{{{3}}}",
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        "14": "{{{3}}}s",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "plural",
        "8": "crosses",
        "9": "",
        "f3accel-form": "p",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "crosse f (plural crosses)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "crosse f (plural crosses)",
      "name": "wa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Walloon",
  "lang_code": "wa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "crook, crosier."
      ],
      "id": "en-crosse-wa-noun-LmjkE95t",
      "links": [
        [
          "crook",
          "crook"
        ],
        [
          "crosier",
          "crosier"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "crutch."
      ],
      "id": "en-crosse-wa-noun-1JSYQZ5G",
      "links": [
        [
          "crutch",
          "crutch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "butt."
      ],
      "id": "en-crosse-wa-noun-8U1kfzCS",
      "links": [
        [
          "butt",
          "butt"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kʀɔs/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "crosse"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "crosse",
        "4": "",
        "5": "stick"
      },
      "expansion": "French crosse (“stick”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From French crosse (“stick”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "crosses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "crosse (plural crosses)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
        "English lemmas",
        "English nouns",
        "English terms derived from French",
        "en:Lacrosse"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A lacrosse stick."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lacrosse stick",
          "lacrosse stick"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "lacrosse stick",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "crosse"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "lacrosse stick",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "crosóg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "crosse"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "French 1-syllable words",
    "French countable nouns",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French feminine nouns",
    "French lemmas",
    "French nouns",
    "French terms derived from Frankish",
    "French terms derived from Germanic languages",
    "French terms derived from Middle French",
    "French terms derived from Old French",
    "French terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "French terms inherited from Middle French",
    "French terms inherited from Old French",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French terms with audio links",
    "fr:Golf",
    "fr:Hockey",
    "fr:Lacrosse"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "crosse de fougère"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "crossa",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: crossa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: crossa"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "crosse",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French crosse",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "crosse"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French crosse",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "crosse",
        "t": "shepherd's staff"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French crosse (“shepherd's staff”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gem"
      },
      "expansion": "Germanic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*krukkju"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *krukkju",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*krukjō",
        "t": "staff, crutch"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krukjō (“staff, crutch”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "krucka"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German krucka",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "krukka"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon krukka",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "crucke"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch crucke",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "crutch"
      },
      "expansion": "English crutch",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French crosse, from Old French crosse (“shepherd's staff”), from a Germanic language, likely Frankish *krukkju, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *krukjō (“staff, crutch”).\nCompare Old High German krucka, Old Saxon krukka, Middle Dutch crucke, English crutch.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "crosses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "crosse f (plural crosses)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "butt (of rifle etc.)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "butt",
          "butt"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "stick"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stick",
          "stick"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "crosier"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "crosier",
          "crosier"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French French",
        "fr:Sports"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hockey stick, lacrosse stick, or golf club"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sports",
          "sports"
        ],
        [
          "hockey stick",
          "hockey stick"
        ],
        [
          "lacrosse stick",
          "lacrosse stick"
        ],
        [
          "golf club",
          "golf club"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(France, sports) hockey stick, lacrosse stick, or golf club"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "lacrosse"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lacrosse",
          "lacrosse"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lacrosse"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Canadian French",
        "French informal terms",
        "French uncountable nouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "fraud, a swindle (usually as de la crosse)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fraud",
          "fraud"
        ],
        [
          "swindle",
          "swindle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Canada, uncountable, informal) fraud, a swindle (usually as de la crosse)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "feminine",
        "informal",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Canadian French",
        "French vulgarities"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "masturbation"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "masturbation",
          "masturbation"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Canada, vulgar) masturbation"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "feminine",
        "vulgar"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kʁɔs/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Ltrlg-crosse.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/23/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Ltrlg-crosse.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Ltrlg-crosse.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/23/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Ltrlg-crosse.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Ltrlg-crosse.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "crosse"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "crosse",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "cross"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Middle English lemmas",
        "Middle English nouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of cross"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cross",
          "cross#Middle English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "crosse"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Walloon entries with incorrect language header",
    "Walloon feminine nouns",
    "Walloon lemmas",
    "Walloon nouns",
    "Walloon terms derived from Frankish",
    "Walloon terms derived from Latin",
    "Walloon terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "pice-crosse"
    },
    {
      "word": "cache-ås-crosses"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wa",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "crusta"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin crusta",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin crusta.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "crosses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wa",
        "10": "{{{plural2}}}",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{3}}}",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{3}}}s",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "plural",
        "8": "crosses",
        "9": "",
        "f3accel-form": "p",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "crosse f (plural crosses)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "crosse f (plural crosses)",
      "name": "wa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Walloon",
  "lang_code": "wa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "crust (outer layer of bread and pastry)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "crust",
          "crust"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kʀɔs/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "crosse"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Walloon entries with incorrect language header",
    "Walloon feminine nouns",
    "Walloon lemmas",
    "Walloon nouns",
    "Walloon terms derived from Frankish",
    "Walloon terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "crossete"
    },
    {
      "word": "crossî"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wa",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*krukkju"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *krukkju",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Frankish *krukkju.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "crosses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wa",
        "10": "{{{plural2}}}",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{3}}}",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{3}}}s",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "plural",
        "8": "crosses",
        "9": "",
        "f3accel-form": "p",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "crosse f (plural crosses)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "crosse f (plural crosses)",
      "name": "wa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Walloon",
  "lang_code": "wa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "crook, crosier."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "crook",
          "crook"
        ],
        [
          "crosier",
          "crosier"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "crutch."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "crutch",
          "crutch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "butt."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "butt",
          "butt"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kʀɔs/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "crosse"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.