See calque in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "kálʹka",
"word": "ка́лька"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "kálka",
"word": "ка́лка"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"semantic loan",
"semantic loan"
],
"word": "calc"
},
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kalk"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "calque"
},
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "ḳalḳi",
"word": "კალკი"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"semantic loan",
"semantic loan"
],
"word": "calco"
},
{
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kalks"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "kalka",
"word": "калка"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kalka"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "calc"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "kálʹka",
"word": "ка́лька"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "kȁlk",
"word": "ка̏лк"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kalk"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kalk"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"semantic loan",
"semantic loan"
],
"word": "calco"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "kálʹka",
"word": "ка́лька"
},
{
"lang": "Yiddish",
"lang_code": "yi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "kalke",
"word": "קאַלקע"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "calquer"
},
"expansion": "Deverbal from calquer",
"name": "deverbal"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "it",
"3": "calcare"
},
"expansion": "Italian calcare",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "calcō",
"4": "calcāre",
"t": "to tread"
},
"expansion": "Latin calcāre (“to tread”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Deverbal from calquer, borrowed from Italian calcare, from Latin calcāre (“to tread”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "calques",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "calque m (plural calques)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"tracing (the reproduction of an image made by copying it through translucent paper)"
],
"id": "en-calque-fr-noun-CmWm37T3",
"links": [
[
"tracing",
"tracing"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Lexicography",
"orig": "fr:Lexicography",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 12 4 1 15 3 13 2 2 13 1 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 11 2 1 19 3 16 1 1 16 1 16 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 77 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French deverbals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 61 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"calque, loan translation"
],
"id": "en-calque-fr-noun-hhj3TUhr",
"links": [
[
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],
[
"calque",
"calque#English"
],
[
"loan translation",
"loan translation"
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],
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],
"tags": [
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],
"topics": [
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"linguistics",
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]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Computer graphics",
"orig": "fr:Computer graphics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"layer"
],
"id": "en-calque-fr-noun-2sHXz6lQ",
"links": [
[
"computer graphics",
"computer graphics"
],
[
"layer",
"layer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"computer-graphics",
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/kalk/"
},
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},
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},
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},
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"word": "calque"
}
{
"categories": [
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"French countable nouns",
"French deverbals",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Italian",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "kálʹka",
"word": "ка́лька"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "kálka",
"word": "ка́лка"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"semantic loan",
"semantic loan"
],
"word": "calc"
},
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kalk"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "calque"
},
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "ḳalḳi",
"word": "კალკი"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"semantic loan",
"semantic loan"
],
"word": "calco"
},
{
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kalks"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "kalka",
"word": "калка"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kalka"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "calc"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "kálʹka",
"word": "ка́лька"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "kȁlk",
"word": "ка̏лк"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kalk"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kalk"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"semantic loan",
"semantic loan"
],
"word": "calco"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "kálʹka",
"word": "ка́лька"
},
{
"lang": "Yiddish",
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"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
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}
],
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},
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{
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"1": "fr",
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},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "calcō",
"4": "calcāre",
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},
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"name": "der"
}
],
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{
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"tags": [
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]
}
],
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],
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],
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],
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},
{
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],
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],
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],
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"engineering",
"mathematics",
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],
"word": "calque"
}
Download raw JSONL data for calque meaning in French (6.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.