"brunir" meaning in French

See brunir in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /bʁy.niʁ/ Audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7-brunir.wav
Etymology: Inherited from Middle French brunir, from Old French brunir (“to polish, make brown”). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|frm|brunir|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Middle French brunir, {{inh+|fr|frm|brunir}} Inherited from Middle French brunir, {{inh|fr|fro|brunir|t=to polish, make brown}} Old French brunir (“to polish, make brown”) Head templates: {{fr-verb}} brunir Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], brunir [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], brunissant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], bruni [participle, past], brunis [first-person, indicative, present, singular], brunis [indicative, present, second-person, singular], brunit [indicative, present, singular, third-person], brunissons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], brunissez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], brunissent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], brunissais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], brunissais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], brunissait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], brunissions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], brunissiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], brunissaient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], brunis [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], brunis [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], brunit [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], brunîmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], brunîtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], brunirent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], brunirai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], bruniras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], brunira [future, indicative, singular, third-person], brunirons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], brunirez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], bruniront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], brunirais [conditional, first-person, singular], brunirais [conditional, second-person, singular], brunirait [conditional, singular, third-person], brunirions [conditional, first-person, plural], bruniriez [conditional, plural, second-person], bruniraient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], brunisse [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], brunisses [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], brunisse [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], brunissions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], brunissiez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], brunissent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], brunisse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], brunisses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], brunît [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], brunissions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], brunissiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], brunissent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], brunis [imperative, second-person, singular], brunissons [first-person, imperative, plural], brunissez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. to brown (to become brown)
    Sense id: en-brunir-fr-verb-d9LU627c Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -ir Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -ir: 47 53
  2. to burnish (to polish gold or silver etc)
    Sense id: en-brunir-fr-verb-wBW35aq1 Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, French verbs with conjugation -ir Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 44 56 Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -ir: 47 53

Inflected forms

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      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
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        "4": "",
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  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French brunir, from Old French brunir (“to polish, make brown”).",
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      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
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    },
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      "form": "brunir",
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        "second-person",
        "singular"
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      "form": "brunissait",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
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        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
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      "form": "brunissions",
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      ]
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      "form": "brunissiez",
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        "indicative",
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        "singular",
        "third-person"
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        "past",
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        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
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      "form": "brunirai",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
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        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
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    },
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      "source": "conjugation",
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        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
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    },
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      "form": "brunira",
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        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
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        "indicative",
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        "second-person"
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        "indicative",
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        "third-person"
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        "singular"
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      "source": "conjugation",
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        "singular",
        "third-person"
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      "form": "bruniriez",
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        "second-person"
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      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
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        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
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    },
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      "form": "brunissent",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.nis/",
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    },
    {
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        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunît",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni/",
      "source": "conjugation",
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        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
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        "subjunctive"
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    {
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    },
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        "second-person"
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  "lang_code": "fr",
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        "to brown (to become brown)"
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}

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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "brunir",
        "t": "to polish, make brown"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French brunir (“to polish, make brown”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French brunir, from Old French brunir (“to polish, make brown”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunissant",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.sɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruni",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunis",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunis",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunit",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunissons",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.sɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunissez",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunissent",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.nis/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunissais",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunissais",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunissait",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunissions",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunissiez",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunissaient",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunis",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunis",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunit",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunîmes",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.nim/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunîtes",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.nit/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunirent",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.niʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunirai",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruniras",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunira",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunirons",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunirez",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruniront",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunirais",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunirais",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunirait",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunirions",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruniriez",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruniraient",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunisse",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.nis/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunisses",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.nis/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunisse",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.nis/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunissions",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunissiez",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunissent",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.nis/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunisse",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.nis/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunisses",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.nis/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunît",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunissions",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunissiez",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunissent",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.nis/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunis",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunissons",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.sɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brunissez",
      "ipa": "/bʁy.ni.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "brunir",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to brown (to become brown)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "brown",
          "brown"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to burnish (to polish gold or silver etc)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "burnish",
          "burnish"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/bʁy.niʁ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7-brunir.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-brunir.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-brunir.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-brunir.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-brunir.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "brunir"
}

Download raw JSONL data for brunir meaning in French (9.9kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-10-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (eaa6b66 and a709d4b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.