"étonner" meaning in French

See étonner in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /e.tɔ.ne/ Audio: Fr-étonner.ogg
Etymology: From Middle French estonner, from Old French estoner (“to be dizzy due to a violent blow”), of obscure origin. Possibly from Old Frankish *stunōn (“to make a loud sound”), from Proto-Germanic *stunōną (“to make a sound, groan”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ten- (“to thunder, rustle, drone, groan”). Cognate with Old English stunian (“to crash, make a loud sound”) (see stun); or from a hypothetical Latin *extonare (“to thunder out”) from ex (“out”) + tonare (“to thunder”), ultimately from the same Proto-Indo-European root; or a fusion of both. Etymology templates: {{uder|fr|frm|estonner}} Middle French estonner, {{uder|fr|fro|estoner||to be dizzy due to a violent blow}} Old French estoner (“to be dizzy due to a violent blow”), {{der|fr|frk|*stunōn||to make a loud sound}} Frankish *stunōn (“to make a loud sound”), {{uder|fr|gem-pro|*stunōną||to make a sound, groan}} Proto-Germanic *stunōną (“to make a sound, groan”), {{uder|fr|ine-pro|*(s)ten-||to thunder, rustle, drone, groan}} Proto-Indo-European *(s)ten- (“to thunder, rustle, drone, groan”), {{cog|ang|stunian||to crash, make a loud sound}} Old English stunian (“to crash, make a loud sound”), {{l|en|stun}} stun, {{uder|fr|la|*extonare||to thunder out}} Latin *extonare (“to thunder out”), {{m|la|ex||out}} ex (“out”), {{m|la|tonare||to thunder}} tonare (“to thunder”) Head templates: {{fr-verb}} étonner Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], étonner [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], étonnant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], étonné [participle, past], étonne [first-person, indicative, present, singular], étonnes [indicative, present, second-person, singular], étonne [indicative, present, singular, third-person], étonnons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], étonnez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], étonnent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], étonnais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], étonnais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], étonnait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], étonnions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], étonniez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], étonnaient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], étonnai [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], étonnas [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], étonna [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], étonnâmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], étonnâtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], étonnèrent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], étonnerai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], étonneras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], étonnera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], étonnerons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], étonnerez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], étonneront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], étonnerais [conditional, first-person, singular], étonnerais [conditional, second-person, singular], étonnerait [conditional, singular, third-person], étonnerions [conditional, first-person, plural], étonneriez [conditional, plural, second-person], étonneraient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], étonne [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], étonnes [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], étonne [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], étonnions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], étonniez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], étonnent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], étonnasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], étonnasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], étonnât [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], étonnassions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], étonnassiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], étonnassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], étonne [imperative, second-person, singular], étonnons [first-person, imperative, plural], étonnez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. to surprise Derived forms: tu m’étonnes Related terms: étonnant, étonné, étonnement
    Sense id: en-étonner-fr-verb-dQx3lwp- Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, French undefined derivations, French verbs with conjugation -er

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for étonner meaning in French (11.4kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "estonner"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French estonner",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "estoner",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to be dizzy due to a violent blow"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French estoner (“to be dizzy due to a violent blow”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*stunōn",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to make a loud sound"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *stunōn (“to make a loud sound”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*stunōną",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to make a sound, groan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stunōną (“to make a sound, groan”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)ten-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to thunder, rustle, drone, groan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ten- (“to thunder, rustle, drone, groan”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "stunian",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to crash, make a loud sound"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English stunian (“to crash, make a loud sound”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "stun"
      },
      "expansion": "stun",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "*extonare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to thunder out"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin *extonare (“to thunder out”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ex",
        "3": "",
        "4": "out"
      },
      "expansion": "ex (“out”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "tonare",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to thunder"
      },
      "expansion": "tonare (“to thunder”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle French estonner, from Old French estoner (“to be dizzy due to a violent blow”), of obscure origin. Possibly from Old Frankish *stunōn (“to make a loud sound”), from Proto-Germanic *stunōną (“to make a sound, groan”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ten- (“to thunder, rustle, drone, groan”). Cognate with Old English stunian (“to crash, make a loud sound”) (see stun); or from a hypothetical Latin *extonare (“to thunder out”) from ex (“out”) + tonare (“to thunder”), ultimately from the same Proto-Indo-European root; or a fusion of both.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonner",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnant",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonné",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonne",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnes",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonne",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnons",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnent",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnais",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnais",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnait",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnions",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.njɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonniez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnaient",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnai",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnas",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.na/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonna",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.na/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnâmes",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnâtes",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnèrent",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnerai",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonneras",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnera",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnerons",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnerez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonneront",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnerais",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnerais",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnerait",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnerions",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonneriez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonneraient",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonne",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnes",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonne",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnions",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.njɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonniez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnent",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnasse",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnasses",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnât",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.na/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnassions",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.na.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnassiez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.na.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnassent",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonne",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnons",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "étonner",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "tu m’étonnes"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "What surprises me is that he isn't saying anything about it.",
          "text": "Ce qui m’étonne, c’est qu’il n’en dise rien.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to surprise"
      ],
      "id": "en-étonner-fr-verb-dQx3lwp-",
      "links": [
        [
          "surprise",
          "surprise"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "étonnant"
        },
        {
          "word": "étonné"
        },
        {
          "word": "étonnement"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.ne/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-étonner.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/Fr-%C3%A9tonner.ogg/Fr-%C3%A9tonner.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Fr-%C3%A9tonner.ogg",
      "text": "audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "étonner"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "tu m’étonnes"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "estonner"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French estonner",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "estoner",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to be dizzy due to a violent blow"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French estoner (“to be dizzy due to a violent blow”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*stunōn",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to make a loud sound"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *stunōn (“to make a loud sound”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*stunōną",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to make a sound, groan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stunōną (“to make a sound, groan”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)ten-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to thunder, rustle, drone, groan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ten- (“to thunder, rustle, drone, groan”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "stunian",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to crash, make a loud sound"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English stunian (“to crash, make a loud sound”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "stun"
      },
      "expansion": "stun",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "*extonare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to thunder out"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin *extonare (“to thunder out”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ex",
        "3": "",
        "4": "out"
      },
      "expansion": "ex (“out”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "tonare",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to thunder"
      },
      "expansion": "tonare (“to thunder”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle French estonner, from Old French estoner (“to be dizzy due to a violent blow”), of obscure origin. Possibly from Old Frankish *stunōn (“to make a loud sound”), from Proto-Germanic *stunōną (“to make a sound, groan”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ten- (“to thunder, rustle, drone, groan”). Cognate with Old English stunian (“to crash, make a loud sound”) (see stun); or from a hypothetical Latin *extonare (“to thunder out”) from ex (“out”) + tonare (“to thunder”), ultimately from the same Proto-Indo-European root; or a fusion of both.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonner",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnant",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonné",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonne",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnes",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonne",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnons",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnent",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnais",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnais",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnait",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnions",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.njɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonniez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnaient",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnai",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnas",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.na/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonna",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.na/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnâmes",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnâtes",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnèrent",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnerai",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonneras",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnera",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnerons",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnerez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonneront",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnerais",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnerais",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnerait",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnerions",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonneriez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonneraient",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonne",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnes",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonne",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnions",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.njɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonniez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnent",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnasse",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnasses",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnât",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.na/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnassions",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.na.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnassiez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.na.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnassent",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonne",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnons",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.nɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "étonnez",
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "étonner",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "étonnant"
    },
    {
      "word": "étonné"
    },
    {
      "word": "étonnement"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French 3-syllable words",
        "French entries with incorrect language header",
        "French first group verbs",
        "French lemmas",
        "French terms derived from Frankish",
        "French terms derived from Latin",
        "French terms derived from Middle French",
        "French terms derived from Old French",
        "French terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "French terms with audio links",
        "French terms with usage examples",
        "French undefined derivations",
        "French verbs",
        "French verbs with conjugation -er"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "What surprises me is that he isn't saying anything about it.",
          "text": "Ce qui m’étonne, c’est qu’il n’en dise rien.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to surprise"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "surprise",
          "surprise"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/e.tɔ.ne/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-étonner.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/Fr-%C3%A9tonner.ogg/Fr-%C3%A9tonner.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Fr-%C3%A9tonner.ogg",
      "text": "audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "étonner"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.