See -lle in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fi", "2": "urj-fin-pro", "3": "*-lëk" }, "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-lëk", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "fi", "2": "urj-pro", "3": "*-ŋ", "pos": "lative or dative suffix" }, "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ŋ (lative or dative suffix)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "mdf", "2": "-нень", "pos": "allative suffix" }, "expansion": "Moksha -нень (-neń, allative suffix)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-lëk or *-llëk, related to and probably a variant of *-lën or *-llën (whence dialectal -len, -llen), which is related to *-sën (illative case suffix) and is composed of -l(l)- (external locative suffix) + Proto-Uralic *-ŋ (lative or dative suffix) (with an epenthetic *-e-). Compare Erzya and Moksha -нень (-neń, allative suffix).\nIt is not known whether the short *-l- or long *-ll- is original. If short, the long -l- may be due to analogy with -lla, -lta. The answer likely depends on the origin of the -l- itself. The traditional theory posits that it comes from the toponymic suffix *-la, but more recently it has been proposed that it is in fact a reduction of *ülä (“upper, above”); thus *...n *ül(ä)-nä > *...n-l-nä > *...lnä > *...llä. The initial genitive ending is lost by reduction of a phonotactically impossible sequence, but not in *...n-l-en > *...ll-en, hence *-llën.", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fi", "2": "suffix", "cat2": "case suffixes" }, "expansion": "-lle", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Finnish", "lang_code": "fi", "pos": "suffix", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "forms the allative case of a noun, adjective, numeral or pronoun" ], "id": "en--lle-fi-suffix--UH~Fx~f", "links": [ [ "allative case", "allative case#English" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "tags": [ "dialectal" ], "word": "-le" }, { "word": "-len" }, { "word": "-llen" } ], "tags": [ "morpheme" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/-lːeˣ/" }, { "ipa": "[-lːe̞(ʔ)]" }, { "ipa": "/-lːe/" }, { "ipa": "[-lːe̞]" } ], "word": "-lle" }
{ "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fi", "2": "urj-fin-pro", "3": "*-lëk" }, "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-lëk", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "fi", "2": "urj-pro", "3": "*-ŋ", "pos": "lative or dative suffix" }, "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ŋ (lative or dative suffix)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "mdf", "2": "-нень", "pos": "allative suffix" }, "expansion": "Moksha -нень (-neń, allative suffix)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-lëk or *-llëk, related to and probably a variant of *-lën or *-llën (whence dialectal -len, -llen), which is related to *-sën (illative case suffix) and is composed of -l(l)- (external locative suffix) + Proto-Uralic *-ŋ (lative or dative suffix) (with an epenthetic *-e-). Compare Erzya and Moksha -нень (-neń, allative suffix).\nIt is not known whether the short *-l- or long *-ll- is original. If short, the long -l- may be due to analogy with -lla, -lta. The answer likely depends on the origin of the -l- itself. The traditional theory posits that it comes from the toponymic suffix *-la, but more recently it has been proposed that it is in fact a reduction of *ülä (“upper, above”); thus *...n *ül(ä)-nä > *...n-l-nä > *...lnä > *...llä. The initial genitive ending is lost by reduction of a phonotactically impossible sequence, but not in *...n-l-en > *...ll-en, hence *-llën.", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fi", "2": "suffix", "cat2": "case suffixes" }, "expansion": "-lle", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Finnish", "lang_code": "fi", "pos": "suffix", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Finnish case suffixes", "Finnish entries with incorrect language header", "Finnish lemmas", "Finnish suffix forms", "Finnish suffixes", "Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic", "Finnish terms derived from Proto-Uralic", "Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic", "Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "glosses": [ "forms the allative case of a noun, adjective, numeral or pronoun" ], "links": [ [ "allative case", "allative case#English" ] ], "tags": [ "morpheme" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/-lːeˣ/" }, { "ipa": "[-lːe̞(ʔ)]" }, { "ipa": "/-lːe/" }, { "ipa": "[-lːe̞]" } ], "synonyms": [ { "tags": [ "dialectal" ], "word": "-le" }, { "word": "-len" }, { "word": "-llen" } ], "word": "-lle" }
Download raw JSONL data for -lle meaning in Finnish (2.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Finnish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.