See kes in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*ken"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *ken",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *ken + the pronoun see.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kelle",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "keda",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-basic-decl_nonom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kellede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "keda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kellesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kellest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative"
]
},
{
"form": "kellele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "kellel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kellelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelleks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledeks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kellena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "kelleta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledeta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kellega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-basic-decl_nonom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "keda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kellesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kellesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kellest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kellest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative"
]
},
{
"form": "kellele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kellele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "kellel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kellel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kellelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kellelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelleks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelleks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kellena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kellena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "kelleta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelleta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kellega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kellega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "kelle",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "keda",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f3accel-form": "par|s",
"f3request": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kes (genitive kelle, partitive keda)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pronoun",
"2": "kelle",
"3": "keda"
},
"expansion": "kes (genitive kelle, partitive keda)",
"name": "et-nom"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"abe_pl": "kelledeta",
"abe_sg": "kelleta",
"abl_pl": "kelledelt",
"abl_sg": "kellelt",
"ade_pl": "kelledel",
"ade_sg": "kellel",
"all_pl": "kelledele",
"all_sg": "kellele",
"com_pl": "kelledega",
"com_sg": "kellega",
"ela_pl": "kelledest",
"ela_sg": "kellest",
"ess_pl": "kelledena",
"ess_sg": "kellena",
"gen_pl": "kellede",
"gen_sg": "kelle",
"ill_pl": "kelledesse",
"ill_sg": "kellesse",
"ine_pl": "kelledes",
"ine_sg": "kelles",
"nom_pl": "kes",
"nom_sg": "kes",
"nopl": "",
"nosg": "",
"par_pl": "keda",
"par_sg": "keda",
"ter_pl": "kelledeni",
"ter_sg": "kelleni",
"tra_pl": "kelledeks",
"tra_sg": "kelleks",
"type": "irregular"
},
"name": "et-decl"
},
{
"args": {
"abe_pl": "kelledeta",
"abe_sg": "kelleta",
"abl_pl": "kelledelt",
"abl_sg": "kellelt",
"acc_pl": "—",
"acc_sg": "—",
"ade_pl": "kelledel",
"ade_sg": "kellel",
"all_pl": "kelledele",
"all_sg": "kellele",
"com_pl": "kelledega",
"com_sg": "kellega",
"ela_pl": "kelledest",
"ela_sg": "kellest",
"ess_pl": "kelledena",
"ess_sg": "kellena",
"gen_pl": "kellede",
"gen_sg": "kelle",
"ill_pl": "kelledesse",
"ill_sg": "kellesse",
"ine_pl": "kelledes",
"ine_sg": "kelles",
"nom_pl": "kes",
"nom_sg": "kes",
"par_pl": "keda",
"par_sg": "keda",
"ter_pl": "kelledeni",
"ter_sg": "kelleni",
"title": "kes (type irregular)",
"tra_pl": "kelledeks",
"tra_sg": "kelleks"
},
"name": "et-decl-table"
},
{
"args": {
"abe_pl": "kelleta",
"abe_sg": "kelleta",
"abl_pl": "kellelt",
"abl_sg": "kellelt",
"ade_pl": "kellel",
"ade_sg": "kellel",
"all_pl": "kellele",
"all_sg": "kellele",
"com_pl": "kellega",
"com_sg": "kellega",
"ela_pl": "kellest",
"ela_sg": "kellest",
"ess_pl": "kellena",
"ess_sg": "kellena",
"gen_pl": "kelle",
"gen_sg": "kelle",
"ill_pl": "kellesse",
"ill_sg": "kellesse",
"ine_pl": "kelles",
"ine_sg": "kelles",
"nom_pl": "kes",
"nom_sg": "kes",
"nopl": "",
"nosg": "",
"par_pl": "keda",
"par_sg": "keda",
"ter_pl": "kelleni",
"ter_sg": "kelleni",
"tra_pl": "kelleks",
"tra_sg": "kelleks",
"type": "irregular"
},
"name": "et-decl"
},
{
"args": {
"abe_pl": "kelleta",
"abe_sg": "kelleta",
"abl_pl": "kellelt",
"abl_sg": "kellelt",
"acc_pl": "—",
"acc_sg": "—",
"ade_pl": "kellel",
"ade_sg": "kellel",
"all_pl": "kellele",
"all_sg": "kellele",
"com_pl": "kellega",
"com_sg": "kellega",
"ela_pl": "kellest",
"ela_sg": "kellest",
"ess_pl": "kellena",
"ess_sg": "kellena",
"gen_pl": "kelle",
"gen_sg": "kelle",
"ill_pl": "kellesse",
"ill_sg": "kellesse",
"ine_pl": "kelles",
"ine_sg": "kelles",
"nom_pl": "kes",
"nom_sg": "kes",
"par_pl": "keda",
"par_sg": "keda",
"ter_pl": "kelleni",
"ter_sg": "kelleni",
"title": "kes (type irregular)",
"tra_pl": "kelleks",
"tra_sg": "kelleks"
},
"name": "et-decl-table"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian irregular-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "keegi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"id": "en-kes-et-pron-btAzcUC9",
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(interrogative) who"
],
"tags": [
"interrogative"
]
}
],
"word": "kes"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "keegi"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*ken"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *ken",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *ken + the pronoun see.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kelle",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "keda",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-basic-decl_nonom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kellede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "keda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kellesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kellest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative"
]
},
{
"form": "kellele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "kellel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kellelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelleks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledeks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kellena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "kelleta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledeta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kellega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelledega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-basic-decl_nonom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "keda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kellesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kellesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kellest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kellest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative"
]
},
{
"form": "kellele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kellele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "kellel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kellel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kellelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kellelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelleks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelleks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kelleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kellena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kellena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "kelleta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kelleta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kellega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kellega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "kelle",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "keda",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f3accel-form": "par|s",
"f3request": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kes (genitive kelle, partitive keda)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pronoun",
"2": "kelle",
"3": "keda"
},
"expansion": "kes (genitive kelle, partitive keda)",
"name": "et-nom"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"abe_pl": "kelledeta",
"abe_sg": "kelleta",
"abl_pl": "kelledelt",
"abl_sg": "kellelt",
"ade_pl": "kelledel",
"ade_sg": "kellel",
"all_pl": "kelledele",
"all_sg": "kellele",
"com_pl": "kelledega",
"com_sg": "kellega",
"ela_pl": "kelledest",
"ela_sg": "kellest",
"ess_pl": "kelledena",
"ess_sg": "kellena",
"gen_pl": "kellede",
"gen_sg": "kelle",
"ill_pl": "kelledesse",
"ill_sg": "kellesse",
"ine_pl": "kelledes",
"ine_sg": "kelles",
"nom_pl": "kes",
"nom_sg": "kes",
"nopl": "",
"nosg": "",
"par_pl": "keda",
"par_sg": "keda",
"ter_pl": "kelledeni",
"ter_sg": "kelleni",
"tra_pl": "kelledeks",
"tra_sg": "kelleks",
"type": "irregular"
},
"name": "et-decl"
},
{
"args": {
"abe_pl": "kelledeta",
"abe_sg": "kelleta",
"abl_pl": "kelledelt",
"abl_sg": "kellelt",
"acc_pl": "—",
"acc_sg": "—",
"ade_pl": "kelledel",
"ade_sg": "kellel",
"all_pl": "kelledele",
"all_sg": "kellele",
"com_pl": "kelledega",
"com_sg": "kellega",
"ela_pl": "kelledest",
"ela_sg": "kellest",
"ess_pl": "kelledena",
"ess_sg": "kellena",
"gen_pl": "kellede",
"gen_sg": "kelle",
"ill_pl": "kelledesse",
"ill_sg": "kellesse",
"ine_pl": "kelledes",
"ine_sg": "kelles",
"nom_pl": "kes",
"nom_sg": "kes",
"par_pl": "keda",
"par_sg": "keda",
"ter_pl": "kelledeni",
"ter_sg": "kelleni",
"title": "kes (type irregular)",
"tra_pl": "kelledeks",
"tra_sg": "kelleks"
},
"name": "et-decl-table"
},
{
"args": {
"abe_pl": "kelleta",
"abe_sg": "kelleta",
"abl_pl": "kellelt",
"abl_sg": "kellelt",
"ade_pl": "kellel",
"ade_sg": "kellel",
"all_pl": "kellele",
"all_sg": "kellele",
"com_pl": "kellega",
"com_sg": "kellega",
"ela_pl": "kellest",
"ela_sg": "kellest",
"ess_pl": "kellena",
"ess_sg": "kellena",
"gen_pl": "kelle",
"gen_sg": "kelle",
"ill_pl": "kellesse",
"ill_sg": "kellesse",
"ine_pl": "kelles",
"ine_sg": "kelles",
"nom_pl": "kes",
"nom_sg": "kes",
"nopl": "",
"nosg": "",
"par_pl": "keda",
"par_sg": "keda",
"ter_pl": "kelleni",
"ter_sg": "kelleni",
"tra_pl": "kelleks",
"tra_sg": "kelleks",
"type": "irregular"
},
"name": "et-decl"
},
{
"args": {
"abe_pl": "kelleta",
"abe_sg": "kelleta",
"abl_pl": "kellelt",
"abl_sg": "kellelt",
"acc_pl": "—",
"acc_sg": "—",
"ade_pl": "kellel",
"ade_sg": "kellel",
"all_pl": "kellele",
"all_sg": "kellele",
"com_pl": "kellega",
"com_sg": "kellega",
"ela_pl": "kellest",
"ela_sg": "kellest",
"ess_pl": "kellena",
"ess_sg": "kellena",
"gen_pl": "kelle",
"gen_sg": "kelle",
"ill_pl": "kellesse",
"ill_sg": "kellesse",
"ine_pl": "kelles",
"ine_sg": "kelles",
"nom_pl": "kes",
"nom_sg": "kes",
"par_pl": "keda",
"par_sg": "keda",
"ter_pl": "kelleni",
"ter_sg": "kelleni",
"title": "kes (type irregular)",
"tra_pl": "kelleks",
"tra_sg": "kelleks"
},
"name": "et-decl-table"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Estonian irregular-type nominals",
"Estonian lemmas",
"Estonian pronouns",
"Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(interrogative) who"
],
"tags": [
"interrogative"
]
}
],
"word": "kes"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kes meaning in Estonian (8.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Estonian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.