See vertu in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"args": {
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"2": "it",
"3": "virtù, †vertù",
"4": "",
"5": "moral worth, virtue (13th century); determination, perseverance, military valour (14th century); study of the liberal or fine arts; appreciation of, taste for, or expertise in the fine arts; objets d'art collectively (16th century)"
},
"expansion": "Italian virtù, †vertù (“moral worth, virtue (13th century); determination, perseverance, military valour (14th century); study of the liberal or fine arts; appreciation of, taste for, or expertise in the fine arts; objets d'art collectively (16th century)”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
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"3": "vertu",
"4": "",
"5": "virtue"
},
"expansion": "French vertu (“virtue”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "la",
"3": "virtūt-, virtus",
"4": "",
"5": "virtue"
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"expansion": "Latin virtūt-, virtus (“virtue”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "virtue"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of virtue",
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian virtù, †vertù (“moral worth, virtue (13th century); determination, perseverance, military valour (14th century); study of the liberal or fine arts; appreciation of, taste for, or expertise in the fine arts; objets d'art collectively (16th century)”); or from French vertu (“virtue”), ultimately from Latin virtūt-, virtus (“virtue”). Doublet of virtue; compare also virtuoso.",
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"pos": "noun",
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"word": "objet de vertu"
}
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"text": "To give them their Due, they ſoar a Step higher than their Predeceſſors, and may be called Men of Wiſdom and Vertù (take heed you do not read Virtue).",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1789, John Moore, Zeluco, Valancourt, published 2008, page 233:",
"text": "He engaged a certain Abbé of distinguished taste in virtù to attend them as their Ciceroné, and explain the antiquities brought from Herculaneum and Pompeia […].",
"type": "quote"
}
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"The fine arts as a subject of study or expertise; understanding of arts and antiquities."
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"(art, now historical) The fine arts as a subject of study or expertise; understanding of arts and antiquities."
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "82 17 1 1",
"code": "fi",
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"sense": "knowledge of fine arts",
"word": "taiteen tuntemus"
}
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{
"_dis": "3 11 3 5 1 5 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 7 5 6 6 6 3 3 3",
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{
"ref": "1812, William Chinnery, A Catalogue of a Truly Valuable Assemblage of Articles of Virtu of William Chinnery …, London: [s.n.], →OCLC, title page:",
"text": "A Catalogue of a Truly Valuable Assemblage of Articles of Virtu of William Chinnery, Esq. Brought from Gillwell, Essex[…].",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1851, Herman Melville, “Moby-Dick or The White Whale”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), Boston: The St. Botolph Society, published 1922, →OCLC, page 423:",
"text": "Now, when with royal Tranquo I visited this wondrous whale, and saw the skull an altar, and the artificial smoke ascending from where the real jet had issued, I marvelled that the king should regard a chapel as an object of vertù.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1852, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom's Cabin, London: John Cassell, →OCLC, page 178:",
"text": "The more drawers and closets there were, the more hiding-holes could Charlotte make for the accommodation of old rags, hair-combs, old shoes, ribbons, cast-off artificial flowers, and other articles of vertù, wherein her soul delighted.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Objets d'art collectively."
],
"id": "en-vertu-en-noun-Sw36e4yI",
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"art",
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"(art, now historical) Objets d'art collectively."
],
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],
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"art",
"arts"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 88 3 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hudožestveno proizvedenie",
"sense": "objets d'art collectively",
"word": "художествено произведение"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 88 3 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "objets d'art collectively",
"word": "taide"
}
]
},
{
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{
"ref": "1976, Niccolò Machiavelli; James B. Atkinson, transl., The Prince [The Library of Liberal Arts; LLA-172], Indianapolis, Ind.: Bobbs-Merrill Company, ISBN 978-0-672-51542-2; reprinted as Indianapolis, Ind.: Hackett Publishing Company, 2008, ISBN 978-0-87220-920-6, pages 69–70",
"text": "All these connotations, even the positive and moral ones, are within the range of significations Machiavelli wants us to hear in “virtù.” For him the word suggests a kind of flexibility that can initiate effective, efficient, and energetic action based on a courageous assertion of the will and an ability to execute the products of one's own calculations. Such calculations are a significant adjunct to his ideas about virtù: they outline what might be called an internal or mental virtù."
},
{
"ref": "1996, Harvey C[laflin] Mansfield[, Jr.], Machiavelli's Virtue, Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, pages 6–7:",
"text": "He alternately shocks his readers and provides relief from the very shocks he administers: Agathocles has virtù but cannot be said to have virtù. It is not enough to say that he uses the word in several “senses”; he uses it in two contradictory senses as to whether it includes or excludes evil deeds.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2000, Jack Donnelly, Realism and International Relations, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 175:",
"text": "To oversimplify, Machiavelli uses virtù to refer both to “Christian” moral virtues, the conventional universalistic values embodied in the Golden Rule, and to a set of more particularistic classical virtues centered on honor. Together they comprise Machiavelli's account of the most noble and distinctive human excellences, achievements, and aspirations.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Especially with reference to the writings of Machiavelli (1469–1527): the requisite qualities for political or military success; vitality, determination; power."
],
"id": "en-vertu-en-noun-4XdMgpip",
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"tags": [
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"glosses": [
"Moral worth; virtue, virtuousness."
],
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"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vəˈtuː/",
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"Received-Pronunciation"
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},
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"ipa": "/vɚˈtu/",
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "vertù"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "virtu"
}
],
"word": "vertu"
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},
"expansion": "Italian virtù, †vertù (“moral worth, virtue (13th century); determination, perseverance, military valour (14th century); study of the liberal or fine arts; appreciation of, taste for, or expertise in the fine arts; objets d'art collectively (16th century)”)",
"name": "bor"
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"name": "uder"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "virtue"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of virtue",
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],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian virtù, †vertù (“moral worth, virtue (13th century); determination, perseverance, military valour (14th century); study of the liberal or fine arts; appreciation of, taste for, or expertise in the fine arts; objets d'art collectively (16th century)”); or from French vertu (“virtue”), ultimately from Latin virtūt-, virtus (“virtue”). Doublet of virtue; compare also virtuoso.",
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"pos": "noun",
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"word": "objet de vertu"
}
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{
"ref": "1750, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, A Foundling, volume III, London: Printed for A[ndrew] Millar, →OCLC, pages 238–239:",
"text": "To give them their Due, they ſoar a Step higher than their Predeceſſors, and may be called Men of Wiſdom and Vertù (take heed you do not read Virtue).",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1789, John Moore, Zeluco, Valancourt, published 2008, page 233:",
"text": "He engaged a certain Abbé of distinguished taste in virtù to attend them as their Ciceroné, and explain the antiquities brought from Herculaneum and Pompeia […].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"ref": "1812, William Chinnery, A Catalogue of a Truly Valuable Assemblage of Articles of Virtu of William Chinnery …, London: [s.n.], →OCLC, title page:",
"text": "A Catalogue of a Truly Valuable Assemblage of Articles of Virtu of William Chinnery, Esq. Brought from Gillwell, Essex[…].",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1851, Herman Melville, “Moby-Dick or The White Whale”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), Boston: The St. Botolph Society, published 1922, →OCLC, page 423:",
"text": "Now, when with royal Tranquo I visited this wondrous whale, and saw the skull an altar, and the artificial smoke ascending from where the real jet had issued, I marvelled that the king should regard a chapel as an object of vertù.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1852, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom's Cabin, London: John Cassell, →OCLC, page 178:",
"text": "The more drawers and closets there were, the more hiding-holes could Charlotte make for the accommodation of old rags, hair-combs, old shoes, ribbons, cast-off artificial flowers, and other articles of vertù, wherein her soul delighted.",
"type": "quote"
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],
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"(art, now historical) Objets d'art collectively."
],
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"ref": "1976, Niccolò Machiavelli; James B. Atkinson, transl., The Prince [The Library of Liberal Arts; LLA-172], Indianapolis, Ind.: Bobbs-Merrill Company, ISBN 978-0-672-51542-2; reprinted as Indianapolis, Ind.: Hackett Publishing Company, 2008, ISBN 978-0-87220-920-6, pages 69–70",
"text": "All these connotations, even the positive and moral ones, are within the range of significations Machiavelli wants us to hear in “virtù.” For him the word suggests a kind of flexibility that can initiate effective, efficient, and energetic action based on a courageous assertion of the will and an ability to execute the products of one's own calculations. Such calculations are a significant adjunct to his ideas about virtù: they outline what might be called an internal or mental virtù."
},
{
"ref": "1996, Harvey C[laflin] Mansfield[, Jr.], Machiavelli's Virtue, Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, pages 6–7:",
"text": "He alternately shocks his readers and provides relief from the very shocks he administers: Agathocles has virtù but cannot be said to have virtù. It is not enough to say that he uses the word in several “senses”; he uses it in two contradictory senses as to whether it includes or excludes evil deeds.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2000, Jack Donnelly, Realism and International Relations, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 175:",
"text": "To oversimplify, Machiavelli uses virtù to refer both to “Christian” moral virtues, the conventional universalistic values embodied in the Golden Rule, and to a set of more particularistic classical virtues centered on honor. Together they comprise Machiavelli's account of the most noble and distinctive human excellences, achievements, and aspirations.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"Especially with reference to the writings of Machiavelli (1469–1527): the requisite qualities for political or military success; vitality, determination; power."
],
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"Moral worth; virtue, virtuousness."
],
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}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "vertù"
},
{
"word": "virtu"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "knowledge of fine arts",
"word": "taiteen tuntemus"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hudožestveno proizvedenie",
"sense": "objets d'art collectively",
"word": "художествено произведение"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "objets d'art collectively",
"word": "taide"
}
],
"word": "vertu"
}
Download raw JSONL data for vertu meaning in English (7.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.