See proleptic in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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Lang, Astrophysical Formulae: Space, Time, Matter and Cosmology, volume II, Springer, →ISBN, page 70:", "text": "The Julian proleptic calendar is formed by applying the rules of the Julian calendar to times before Caesar's reform, and the Julian date (JD) specifies the particular instant of a day by ending the Julian day number with the fraction of the day elapsed since the preceding Greenwich noon.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2018, Ian Chivers, Jane Sleightholme, Introduction to Programming with Fortran, Springer, →ISBN, page 535:", "text": "The proleptic Gregorian calendar is produced by extending the Gregorian calendar backwards to dates preceding its official introduction in 1582.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2022, Tomasz Lelek, Jon Skeet, Software Mistakes and Tradeoffs: How to Make Good Programming Decisions, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 155:", "text": "The .NET epoch is midnight at the start of January 1st, AD 1, although that's AD 1 in a proleptic Gregorian calendar, which refers to even more complexity we haven't talked about yet.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Extrapolated to dates prior to its first adoption; of those used to adjust to or from the Julian calendar or Gregorian calendar." ], "id": "en-proleptic-en-adj-6-y5u5VB", "links": [ [ "calendar", "calendar" ], [ "Extrapolated", "extrapolate" ], [ "dates", "dates" ], [ "Julian calendar", "Julian calendar" ], [ "Gregorian calendar", "Gregorian calendar" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(of a calendar) Extrapolated to dates prior to its first adoption; of those used to adjust to or from the Julian calendar or Gregorian calendar." ], "raw_tags": [ "of a calendar" ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "81 14 5", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "calendar: extrapolated to dates prior to its first adoption", "word": "proleptinen" }, { "_dis1": "81 14 5", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "calendar: extrapolated to dates prior to its first adoption", "tags": [ "feminine", "masculine" ], "word": "proleptique" }, { "_dis1": "59 25 16", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "preždevrémennyj", "sense": "having been assigned too early a date", "word": "преждевре́менный" } ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "23 22 10 5 8 24 8", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms suffixed with -ic", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 21 10 4 5 28 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 24 9 2 6 28 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "28 24 8 4 6 25 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Finnish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "27 24 7 3 7 25 7", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with French translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "27 25 7 3 6 26 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Russian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1844, Thomas De Quincey, “Greece Under the Romans”, in Blackwood's Magazine:", "text": "A far-seeing or proleptic wisdom.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1892, Emmanuel Pétavel-Olliff, The Problem of Immortality, page 208:", "text": "In contrast with physical death, spiritual death might be called metaphorical. It becomes proleptic when contrasted with the second and final death.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1985 June, Anthony Burgess, “The Prisoner of Fame”, in The Atlantic:", "text": "Herbert Gorman’s life of Joyce was written not only when Finnegans Wake was a long way from completion but with the handicap of the subject himself insisting on a hagiography featuring a prolonged, if proleptic, martyrdom.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1989, W. Paul Jones, Theological Worlds, Nashville: Abingdon Press, page 151:", "text": "In World Two, Jesus can be seen as the proleptic event, giving promise of God's vindication of creation in and through history.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1995, John S. Murphy, Frederic M. Hudson, The Joy of Old: A Guide to Successful Elderhood, page 41:", "text": "In a world of youth idolatry, we easily lose our proleptic quality after the first peak, and become regressive, looking back toward the peaks already passed.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2020, Randal Joy Thompson, Proleptic Leadership on the Commons:", "text": "Viewing the commons as a vehicle for a new world order, Randal Joy Thompson proposes ‘proleptic leadership’, which envisions how leaders will continue to be essential as the custodians of responsible agency and conscious choice.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Anticipatory; prescient or forward-looking." ], "id": "en-proleptic-en-adj--KbYA-X-", "links": [ [ "Anticipatory", "anticipatory" ], [ "prescient", "prescient" ], [ "forward-looking", "forward-looking" ] ] }, { "categories": [], "examples": [ { "ref": "1904, Aeschylus, Arthur Woollgar Verrall, The 'Agamemnon' of Aeschylus, page 90:", "text": "a 'proleptic' epithet describing the result of the hunt, means literally 'with leafage broken' and is formed from the stem of ἀγνύναι.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1985, W. Randall Garr, Dialect Geography of Syria-Palestine, 1000-586 B.C.E, page 168:", "text": "There was no proleptic suffix in Moabite, according to the present evidence.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2005, Jaime Esteban Salvo, The Effect of Nitrogen and Plant Growth Regulators on Sylleptic and Proleptic Shoot Development of 'Hass' Avocado (Persea Americana Mill.), page 104:", "text": "Starting in the spring of the second year, one terminal indeterminate floral shoot ( I ) was included at every terminal proleptic shoot ( L ) that arose from each proleptic and sylleptic shoot in the summer and full flush of the previous year.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2015 September 8, Alex Preston, “Submission by Michel Houellebecq review – satire that’s more subtle than it seems”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:", "text": "Submission, as is fitting for a dystopia written in the mode of the “not yet”, ends in a proleptic future tense, speaking of what will come for François and (with rather less authorial interest) for the people of France.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2017 August 26, Bret Stephens, “Tips for Aspiring Op-Ed Writers”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:", "text": "8) Be proleptic, a word that comes from the Greek for “anticipation.” That is, get the better of the major objection to your argument by raising and answering it in advance.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Exhibiting or pertaining to prolepsis (any sense)" ], "id": "en-proleptic-en-adj-dfKrQouo", "links": [ [ "prolepsis", "prolepsis" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/pɹoʊˈlɛptɪk/" }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-proleptic.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proleptic.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proleptic.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proleptic.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proleptic.wav.ogg" } ], "word": "proleptic" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "prolepsis", "3": "ic", "gloss1": "anticipation" }, "expansion": "prolepsis (“anticipation”) + -ic", "name": "suffix" } ], "etymology_text": "From prolepsis (“anticipation”) + -ic.", "forms": [ { "form": "proleptics", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "proleptic (plural proleptics)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "An instance of prolepsis;", "The placement of an element in a syntactic unit before that to which it would logically correspond." ], "id": "en-proleptic-en-noun-H1-Efaw9", "links": [ [ "prolepsis", "prolepsis" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "An instance of prolepsis;", "Information about the outcome of a story placed near the beginning." ], "id": "en-proleptic-en-noun-zBKNvIoo", "links": [ [ "prolepsis", "prolepsis" ] ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "22 21 9 4 7 29 8", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 22 10 5 8 24 8", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms suffixed with -ic", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "25 26 5 2 4 33 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 21 10 4 5 28 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 24 9 2 6 28 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "28 24 8 4 6 25 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Finnish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "27 24 7 3 7 25 7", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with French translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "27 25 7 3 6 26 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Russian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "An instance of prolepsis;", "A lateral branch that develops from a lateral meristem, after the formation of a bud or following a period of dormancy, when the lateral meristem is split from a terminal meristem." ], "id": "en-proleptic-en-noun-xacgTU1I", "links": [ [ "prolepsis", "prolepsis" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "Something that predicts or implies the future or outcome." ], "id": "en-proleptic-en-noun-XRb8FdTX" } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/pɹoʊˈlɛptɪk/" }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-proleptic.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proleptic.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proleptic.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proleptic.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proleptic.wav.ogg" } ], "word": "proleptic" }
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Lang, Astrophysical Formulae: Space, Time, Matter and Cosmology, volume II, Springer, →ISBN, page 70:", "text": "The Julian proleptic calendar is formed by applying the rules of the Julian calendar to times before Caesar's reform, and the Julian date (JD) specifies the particular instant of a day by ending the Julian day number with the fraction of the day elapsed since the preceding Greenwich noon.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2018, Ian Chivers, Jane Sleightholme, Introduction to Programming with Fortran, Springer, →ISBN, page 535:", "text": "The proleptic Gregorian calendar is produced by extending the Gregorian calendar backwards to dates preceding its official introduction in 1582.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2022, Tomasz Lelek, Jon Skeet, Software Mistakes and Tradeoffs: How to Make Good Programming Decisions, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 155:", "text": "The .NET epoch is midnight at the start of January 1st, AD 1, although that's AD 1 in a proleptic Gregorian calendar, which refers to even more complexity we haven't talked about yet.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Extrapolated to dates prior to its first adoption; of those used to adjust to or from the Julian calendar or Gregorian calendar." ], "links": [ [ "calendar", "calendar" ], [ "Extrapolated", "extrapolate" ], [ "dates", "dates" ], [ "Julian calendar", "Julian calendar" ], [ "Gregorian calendar", "Gregorian calendar" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(of a calendar) Extrapolated to dates prior to its first adoption; of those used to adjust to or from the Julian calendar or Gregorian calendar." ], "raw_tags": [ "of a calendar" ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1844, Thomas De Quincey, “Greece Under the Romans”, in Blackwood's Magazine:", "text": "A far-seeing or proleptic wisdom.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1892, Emmanuel Pétavel-Olliff, The Problem of Immortality, page 208:", "text": "In contrast with physical death, spiritual death might be called metaphorical. It becomes proleptic when contrasted with the second and final death.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1985 June, Anthony Burgess, “The Prisoner of Fame”, in The Atlantic:", "text": "Herbert Gorman’s life of Joyce was written not only when Finnegans Wake was a long way from completion but with the handicap of the subject himself insisting on a hagiography featuring a prolonged, if proleptic, martyrdom.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1989, W. Paul Jones, Theological Worlds, Nashville: Abingdon Press, page 151:", "text": "In World Two, Jesus can be seen as the proleptic event, giving promise of God's vindication of creation in and through history.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1995, John S. Murphy, Frederic M. Hudson, The Joy of Old: A Guide to Successful Elderhood, page 41:", "text": "In a world of youth idolatry, we easily lose our proleptic quality after the first peak, and become regressive, looking back toward the peaks already passed.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2020, Randal Joy Thompson, Proleptic Leadership on the Commons:", "text": "Viewing the commons as a vehicle for a new world order, Randal Joy Thompson proposes ‘proleptic leadership’, which envisions how leaders will continue to be essential as the custodians of responsible agency and conscious choice.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Anticipatory; prescient or forward-looking." ], "links": [ [ "Anticipatory", "anticipatory" ], [ "prescient", "prescient" ], [ "forward-looking", "forward-looking" ] ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1904, Aeschylus, Arthur Woollgar Verrall, The 'Agamemnon' of Aeschylus, page 90:", "text": "a 'proleptic' epithet describing the result of the hunt, means literally 'with leafage broken' and is formed from the stem of ἀγνύναι.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1985, W. Randall Garr, Dialect Geography of Syria-Palestine, 1000-586 B.C.E, page 168:", "text": "There was no proleptic suffix in Moabite, according to the present evidence.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2005, Jaime Esteban Salvo, The Effect of Nitrogen and Plant Growth Regulators on Sylleptic and Proleptic Shoot Development of 'Hass' Avocado (Persea Americana Mill.), page 104:", "text": "Starting in the spring of the second year, one terminal indeterminate floral shoot ( I ) was included at every terminal proleptic shoot ( L ) that arose from each proleptic and sylleptic shoot in the summer and full flush of the previous year.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2015 September 8, Alex Preston, “Submission by Michel Houellebecq review – satire that’s more subtle than it seems”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:", "text": "Submission, as is fitting for a dystopia written in the mode of the “not yet”, ends in a proleptic future tense, speaking of what will come for François and (with rather less authorial interest) for the people of France.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2017 August 26, Bret Stephens, “Tips for Aspiring Op-Ed Writers”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:", "text": "8) Be proleptic, a word that comes from the Greek for “anticipation.” That is, get the better of the major objection to your argument by raising and answering it in advance.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Exhibiting or pertaining to prolepsis (any sense)" ], "links": [ [ "prolepsis", "prolepsis" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/pɹoʊˈlɛptɪk/" }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-proleptic.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proleptic.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proleptic.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proleptic.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proleptic.wav.ogg" } ], "translations": [ { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "calendar: extrapolated to dates prior to its first adoption", "word": "proleptinen" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "calendar: extrapolated to dates prior to its first adoption", "tags": [ "feminine", "masculine" ], "word": "proleptique" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "preždevrémennyj", "sense": "having been assigned too early a date", "word": "преждевре́менный" } ], "word": "proleptic" } { "categories": [ "English adjectives", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms suffixed with -ic", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "en:Calendar" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "prolepsis", "3": "ic", "gloss1": "anticipation" }, "expansion": "prolepsis (“anticipation”) + -ic", "name": "suffix" } ], "etymology_text": "From prolepsis (“anticipation”) + -ic.", "forms": [ { "form": "proleptics", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "proleptic (plural proleptics)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "An instance of prolepsis;", "The placement of an element in a syntactic unit before that to which it would logically correspond." ], "links": [ [ "prolepsis", "prolepsis" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "An instance of prolepsis;", "Information about the outcome of a story placed near the beginning." ], "links": [ [ "prolepsis", "prolepsis" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "An instance of prolepsis;", "A lateral branch that develops from a lateral meristem, after the formation of a bud or following a period of dormancy, when the lateral meristem is split from a terminal meristem." ], "links": [ [ "prolepsis", "prolepsis" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "Something that predicts or implies the future or outcome." ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/pɹoʊˈlɛptɪk/" }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-proleptic.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proleptic.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proleptic.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proleptic.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proleptic.wav.ogg" } ], "word": "proleptic" }
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