See popolo in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "haw",
"3": "pōpolo"
},
"expansion": "Hawaiian pōpolo",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "poz-pol-pro",
"3": "*polo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Polynesian *polo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mi",
"2": "poroporo"
},
"expansion": "Maori poroporo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Solanum aviculare",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Solanum aviculare",
"name": "taxlink"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Solanum nigrum",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Solanum nigrum",
"name": "taxfmt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "to",
"2": "polo",
"3": "",
"4": "Solanum nigrum"
},
"expansion": "Tongan polo (“Solanum nigrum”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tvl",
"2": "'opolo",
"3": "",
"4": "capsicum"
},
"expansion": "Tuvaluan 'opolo (“capsicum”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Hawaiian pōpolo from Proto-Polynesian *polo; cognate with Maori poroporo and pōporo (Solanum aviculare), Tongan polo (“Solanum nigrum”) and Tuvaluan 'opolo (“capsicum”). Skin color meaning comes from analogy to the color of its berries.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "popolos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "popolo (countable and uncountable, plural popolos)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hawaiian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "98 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Solanums",
"orig": "en:Solanums",
"parents": [
"Nightshades",
"Vegetables",
"Plants",
"Foods",
"Lifeforms",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental",
"Nature",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1883, All about Hawaii, page 36:",
"text": "The only lack of Kalelealuaka and his comrades was animal food (literally fish) but they supplied its place as well as they could with such herbs as the tender leaves of the popolo, which they cooked like spinach, and with inamona made from the roasted nuts of the kukui tree.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1975, L. R. McBride, Practical folk medicine of Hawaii, page 67:",
"text": "Popolo is a branching green herb with a tendency to being woody at the base. This annual grows one to three feet high on cultivated land and is regarded as a common weed.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1998, Hawaiian Entomological Society, Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society:",
"text": "This mite was collected at the Maui Community College agricultural field (Kahului) on popolo berry on 19 July 1995 by C. McGrath.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, William D. Westervelt, Hawaiian Legends of Ghosts and Ghost-Gods, →ISBN:",
"text": "He turned and went back at the call of the messenger, taking some popolo fruit and leaves in his cloak.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"black nightshade (Solanum nigrum)."
],
"id": "en-popolo-en-noun-2b~lyYwm",
"links": [
[
"black nightshade",
"black nightshade"
],
[
"Solanum nigrum",
"Solanum nigrum#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Hawaii) black nightshade (Solanum nigrum)."
],
"tags": [
"Hawaii",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hawaiian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2004, Miles M. Jackson, Social Process in Hawaii - Volume 43, page 92:",
"text": "Well, I'm a Hawaiian, but my father was a black-assed popolo—a Portuguese from Bravas, Cabo Verde Islands, who changed his name.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Charles Euchner, Little League, Big Dreams, →ISBN:",
"text": "When he gets to third, Fe'ao is excited. He sees Curaçao's thir baseman, Denjerick Virginie, starting at him as he slaps his hands together. \"What you looking at, popolo?\" he barks.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Dave Burgess, A Tale of Two Brothers, →ISBN, page 176:",
"text": "I think that most people in Hawaii agree with my mother-in-law's view of Barry as a good Hawaiian boy; a popolo Hawaiian boy, but a Hawaiian boy nonetheless.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Janet Mock, Redefining Realness: My Path to Womanhood, Identity, Love & So Much More, →ISBN:",
"text": "There was a racial order that existed even in this group of tweens. They teased that Chad and I were popolo, Hawaiian slang for black people. Popolo are shiny berries that grow in clusters in the islands and are so black that they shine purple on branches.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A black person."
],
"id": "en-popolo-en-noun-PG6l68SO",
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Hawaii, slang, countable, sometimes pejorative) A black person."
],
"tags": [
"Hawaii",
"countable",
"pejorative",
"slang",
"sometimes"
]
}
],
"word": "popolo"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Hawaiian",
"English terms derived from Hawaiian",
"English terms derived from Proto-Polynesian",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"en:Solanums"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "haw",
"3": "pōpolo"
},
"expansion": "Hawaiian pōpolo",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "poz-pol-pro",
"3": "*polo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Polynesian *polo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mi",
"2": "poroporo"
},
"expansion": "Maori poroporo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Solanum aviculare",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Solanum aviculare",
"name": "taxlink"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Solanum nigrum",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Solanum nigrum",
"name": "taxfmt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "to",
"2": "polo",
"3": "",
"4": "Solanum nigrum"
},
"expansion": "Tongan polo (“Solanum nigrum”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tvl",
"2": "'opolo",
"3": "",
"4": "capsicum"
},
"expansion": "Tuvaluan 'opolo (“capsicum”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Hawaiian pōpolo from Proto-Polynesian *polo; cognate with Maori poroporo and pōporo (Solanum aviculare), Tongan polo (“Solanum nigrum”) and Tuvaluan 'opolo (“capsicum”). Skin color meaning comes from analogy to the color of its berries.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "popolos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "popolo (countable and uncountable, plural popolos)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Hawaiian English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1883, All about Hawaii, page 36:",
"text": "The only lack of Kalelealuaka and his comrades was animal food (literally fish) but they supplied its place as well as they could with such herbs as the tender leaves of the popolo, which they cooked like spinach, and with inamona made from the roasted nuts of the kukui tree.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1975, L. R. McBride, Practical folk medicine of Hawaii, page 67:",
"text": "Popolo is a branching green herb with a tendency to being woody at the base. This annual grows one to three feet high on cultivated land and is regarded as a common weed.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1998, Hawaiian Entomological Society, Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society:",
"text": "This mite was collected at the Maui Community College agricultural field (Kahului) on popolo berry on 19 July 1995 by C. McGrath.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, William D. Westervelt, Hawaiian Legends of Ghosts and Ghost-Gods, →ISBN:",
"text": "He turned and went back at the call of the messenger, taking some popolo fruit and leaves in his cloak.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"black nightshade (Solanum nigrum)."
],
"links": [
[
"black nightshade",
"black nightshade"
],
[
"Solanum nigrum",
"Solanum nigrum#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Hawaii) black nightshade (Solanum nigrum)."
],
"tags": [
"Hawaii",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"Hawaiian English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2004, Miles M. Jackson, Social Process in Hawaii - Volume 43, page 92:",
"text": "Well, I'm a Hawaiian, but my father was a black-assed popolo—a Portuguese from Bravas, Cabo Verde Islands, who changed his name.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Charles Euchner, Little League, Big Dreams, →ISBN:",
"text": "When he gets to third, Fe'ao is excited. He sees Curaçao's thir baseman, Denjerick Virginie, starting at him as he slaps his hands together. \"What you looking at, popolo?\" he barks.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Dave Burgess, A Tale of Two Brothers, →ISBN, page 176:",
"text": "I think that most people in Hawaii agree with my mother-in-law's view of Barry as a good Hawaiian boy; a popolo Hawaiian boy, but a Hawaiian boy nonetheless.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Janet Mock, Redefining Realness: My Path to Womanhood, Identity, Love & So Much More, →ISBN:",
"text": "There was a racial order that existed even in this group of tweens. They teased that Chad and I were popolo, Hawaiian slang for black people. Popolo are shiny berries that grow in clusters in the islands and are so black that they shine purple on branches.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A black person."
],
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Hawaii, slang, countable, sometimes pejorative) A black person."
],
"tags": [
"Hawaii",
"countable",
"pejorative",
"slang",
"sometimes"
]
}
],
"word": "popolo"
}
Download raw JSONL data for popolo meaning in English (4.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.