See penlight in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"pen",
"pen#English"
],
[
"*leuhtą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/leuhtą"
],
[
"*leuht",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/leuht#Proto-West_Germanic:_illumination"
],
[
"lēoht",
"leoht#Old_English:_illumination"
],
[
"light",
"light#Middle_English:_illumination"
],
[
"light",
"light#English:_illumination"
],
[
"pen",
"pen#English"
],
[
"light",
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]
],
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"3": "pen",
"4": "light<id:illumination>",
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish pen\nProto-Germanic *leuhtą\nProto-West Germanic *leuht\nOld English lēoht\nMiddle English light\nEnglish light\nEnglish penlight\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*leuht\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"lēoht\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"light\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"light\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"penlight\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"penlight\">\nFrom pen + light.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
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"2": ":af",
"3": "pen",
"4": "light<id:illumination>",
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish pen\nProto-Indo-European *lewk-\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *lewktom\nProto-Germanic *leuhtą\nProto-West Germanic *leuht\nOld English lēoht\nMiddle English light\nEnglish light\nEnglish penlight\nFrom pen + light.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish pen\nProto-Germanic *leuhtą\nProto-West Germanic *leuht\nOld English lēoht\nMiddle English light\nEnglish light\nEnglish penlight\nFrom pen + light.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "penlights",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "penlight (plural penlights)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
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"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
{
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"parents": [],
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}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"english": "pocket knife",
"translation": "pocket knife",
"word": "penknife"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small torch or flashlight that resembles a fountain pen."
],
"id": "en-penlight-en-noun-UjqVg2cT",
"links": [
[
"torch",
"torch"
],
[
"flashlight",
"flashlight"
],
[
"resemble",
"resemble"
],
[
"fountain pen",
"fountain pen"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pen torch"
},
{
"word": "pocket light"
}
]
}
],
"word": "penlight"
}
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"english": "pocket knife",
"translation": "pocket knife",
"word": "penknife"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"pen",
"pen#English"
],
[
"*leuhtą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/leuhtą"
],
[
"*leuht",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/leuht#Proto-West_Germanic:_illumination"
],
[
"lēoht",
"leoht#Old_English:_illumination"
],
[
"light",
"light#Middle_English:_illumination"
],
[
"light",
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],
[
"pen",
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],
[
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"etymology_templates": [
{
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"3": "pen",
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish pen\nProto-Germanic *leuhtą\nProto-West Germanic *leuht\nOld English lēoht\nMiddle English light\nEnglish light\nEnglish penlight\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*leuht\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"lēoht\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"light\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"light\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"penlight\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"penlight\">\nFrom pen + light.",
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{
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"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish pen\nProto-Germanic *leuhtą\nProto-West Germanic *leuht\nOld English lēoht\nMiddle English light\nEnglish light\nEnglish penlight\nFrom pen + light.",
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{
"form": "penlights",
"tags": [
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}
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "penlight (plural penlights)",
"name": "en-noun"
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"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewk-",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"glosses": [
"A small torch or flashlight that resembles a fountain pen."
],
"links": [
[
"torch",
"torch"
],
[
"flashlight",
"flashlight"
],
[
"resemble",
"resemble"
],
[
"fountain pen",
"fountain pen"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pen torch"
},
{
"word": "pocket light"
}
]
}
],
"word": "penlight"
}
Download raw JSONL data for penlight meaning in English (3.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.