See oes in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"ref": "1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Masques and Triumphs”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:",
"text": "The Colours, that shew best by Candlelight, are; White, Carnation, and a Kinde of Sea-Water-Greene; And Oes, or Spangs, as they are of no great Cost, so they are of most Glory.",
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],
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"ref": "1840, Brandon Turner, A new English grammar, page 230:",
"text": "A, aes; Bee, Bees; Cee, Cees; Dee, Dees; E, Ees; Eff, Effs; Gee, Gees; Aitch, Aitches; I, Ies; Jay, Jays; [...] En, Ens; O, Oes; Pee, Pees; Kue, Kues; Ar, Ars; […] Wy, Wies; Zed, Zeds.",
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{
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{
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130,
133
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"ref": "1856, Goold Brown, The First Lines of English Grammar, page 10:",
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"ref": "1860, Goold Brown, The Grammar of English Grammars: With an Introduction, Historical and Critical, page 154:",
"text": "[It] is desirable [...] that we may have a shorter and simpler term in stead of Double-u. [...] Dr. Webster [...] is not yet tired of his experiment with \"oo;\" but thinks still to make the vowel sound of this letter its name. Yet [...] If W is to be named as a vowel, it ought to name itself, as other vowels do, and not to take two Oes for its written name. Who that knows what it is, to name a letter, can think of naming w by double o?",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊz"
},
{
"homophone": "ohs"
},
{
"homophone": "Os"
},
{
"homophone": "o's"
},
{
"homophone": "-ose"
},
{
"homophone": "owes (toe–tow merger)"
}
],
"word": "oes"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English noun forms",
"English nouns",
"English pluralia tantum",
"English terms suffixed with -s (plural)",
"English terms with homophones",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:English/əʊz",
"Rhymes:English/əʊz/1 syllable",
"cy:Time"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"o",
"o#English"
],
[
"-es",
"-s#English:_plural"
],
[
"O",
"O#English"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "o",
"4": "-s<id:plural><alt:-es>",
"text": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ms\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-oms\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-anz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"accusative plural\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂m̥s\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōs\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-as\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-es\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-s\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"oes\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"oes\">\nFrom o + -es.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "o",
"4": "-s<id:plural><alt:-es>",
"text": "1"
},
"expansion": "From o + -es.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From o + -es. The ornamentation is named for its shape, resembling the letter O.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "owes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "p"
},
"expansion": "oes pl (plural only)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
104,
107
]
],
"ref": "1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Masques and Triumphs”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:",
"text": "The Colours, that shew best by Candlelight, are; White, Carnation, and a Kinde of Sea-Water-Greene; And Oes, or Spangs, as they are of no great Cost, so they are of most Glory.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Small circle-shaped sequins of precious metal sewn to clothing for decorative effect, popular in the 17th century."
],
"links": [
[
"circle",
"circle"
],
[
"sequin",
"sequin"
],
[
"precious metal",
"precious metal"
],
[
"clothing",
"clothing"
],
[
"decorative",
"decorative"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Small circle-shaped sequins of precious metal sewn to clothing for decorative effect, popular in the 17th century."
],
"senseid": [
"en:sequin"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əʊz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/oʊz/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊz"
},
{
"homophone": "ohs"
},
{
"homophone": "Os"
},
{
"homophone": "o's"
},
{
"homophone": "-ose"
},
{
"homophone": "owes (toe–tow merger)"
}
],
"word": "oes"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English noun forms",
"English terms with homophones",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:English/əʊz",
"Rhymes:English/əʊz/1 syllable",
"cy:Time"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"id": "grandchildren"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"id": "grandchildren"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "oes",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "grandchild",
"word": "oe"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of oe (“grandchild”)"
],
"links": [
[
"oe",
"oe#English:_grandchild"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grandchildren"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əʊz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/oʊz/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊz"
},
{
"homophone": "ohs"
},
{
"homophone": "Os"
},
{
"homophone": "o's"
},
{
"homophone": "-ose"
},
{
"homophone": "owes (toe–tow merger)"
}
],
"word": "oes"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English noun forms",
"English terms with homophones",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:English/əʊz",
"Rhymes:English/əʊz/1 syllable",
"cy:Time"
],
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"id": "islands"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"id": "islands"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "oes",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English literary terms",
"English poetic terms",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "small island",
"word": "oe"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of oe (“small island”)"
],
"links": [
[
"oe",
"oe#English:_island"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary or poetic, rare) plural of oe (“small island”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ey"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"literary",
"plural",
"poetic",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əʊz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/oʊz/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊz"
},
{
"homophone": "ohs"
},
{
"homophone": "Os"
},
{
"homophone": "o's"
},
{
"homophone": "-ose"
},
{
"homophone": "owes (toe–tow merger)"
}
],
"word": "oes"
}
Download raw JSONL data for oes meaning in English (12.4kB)
{
"called_from": "form_description/20250107",
"msg": "Form tags without form: desc='plural plural-only', tagsets=[('plural', 'plural-only')]",
"path": [
"oes"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "oes",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.