"musher" meaning in English

See musher in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈmʌʃə/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈmʌʃəɹ/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-musher.wav Forms: mushers [plural]
Rhymes: -ʌʃə(ɹ) Etymology: From mush (“to drive dogs, usually pulling a sled, across snow”) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns). Mush is probably derived from French marche or marchons, respectively the second-person singular and first-person plural imperative forms of marcher (“to move; to travel; to walk”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *markōną (“to mark; to notice”) and Proto-Indo-European *merǵ- (“(noun) border, boundary, edge; (verb) to divide”). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*merǵ-}}, {{glossary|suffix}} suffix, {{glossary|agent noun}} agent noun, {{affix|en|mush|-er|id1=to drive dogs|id2=agent noun|pos2=suffix forming agent nouns|t1=to drive dogs, usually pulling a sled, across snow}} mush (“to drive dogs, usually pulling a sled, across snow”) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns), {{sup|3}} ³, {{der|en|fr|marche}} French marche, {{glossary|second-person}} second-person, {{glossary|singular}} singular, {{glossary|first-person}} first-person, {{glossary|plural}} plural, {{glossary|imperative}} imperative, {{sup|3}} ³, {{sup|2}} ², {{der|en|gem-pro|*markōną|t=to mark; to notice}} Proto-Germanic *markōną (“to mark; to notice”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*merǵ-|t=(noun) border, boundary, edge; (verb) to divide}} Proto-Indo-European *merǵ- (“(noun) border, boundary, edge; (verb) to divide”) Head templates: {{en-noun}} musher (plural mushers), {{term-label|en|chiefly|Alaska|Canada}} (chiefly Alaska, Canada)
  1. One who drives a dogsled over ice and snow; specifically, one who participates in a dogsled race. Synonyms: dog musher Translations (one who drives a dogsled over ice and snow; specifically, one who participates in a dogsled race): koiravaljakon ohjastaja (Finnish), ӄымпылъыгаӽта (qympylʺygax̌ta) (Sirenik)
    Sense id: en-musher-en-noun-en:dog_musher Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 13 33 33 20 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 15 31 31 22 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 16 31 29 24 Disambiguation of 'one who drives a dogsled over ice and snow; specifically, one who participates in a dogsled race': 89 11
  2. One who travels over snow, chiefly by dogsled but also by foot. Translations (one who travels over snow): lumessa kulkija (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-musher-en-noun-ausKSuKO Categories (other): Alaska English, Canadian English, English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun), Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with Sirenik translations Disambiguation of Alaska English: 37 63 Disambiguation of Canadian English: 43 57 Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 13 33 33 20 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun): 35 65 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 37 63 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 15 31 31 22 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 16 31 29 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 41 59 Disambiguation of Terms with Sirenik translations: 38 62 Disambiguation of 'one who travels over snow': 30 70
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: dog musher
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /ˈmʌʃə/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈmʌʃəɹ/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-musher.wav Forms: mushers [plural]
Rhymes: -ʌʃə(ɹ) Etymology: Origin uncertain, possibly from mush (“cab driver who is the owner of their cab, and sometimes a small number of other cabs as well”) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns), although the word is attested slightly earlier than mush. Mush is possibly derived from mush (“to drive dogs, usually pulling a sled, across snow”, verb) (see etymology 1), or mush (“(slang, rare) umbrella”, noun) (a clipping of mushroom, from the similar appearance; referring to drivers shielding passengers with umbrellas in rainy weather). Etymology templates: {{glossary|suffix}} suffix, {{glossary|agent noun}} agent noun, {{affix|en|mush|-er|pos2=suffix forming agent nouns|t1=cab driver who is the owner of their cab, and sometimes a small number of other cabs as well}} mush (“cab driver who is the owner of their cab, and sometimes a small number of other cabs as well”) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns), {{sup|2}} ², {{glossary|clipping}} clipping, {{sup|4}} ⁴, {{sup|3}} ³ Head templates: {{en-noun}} musher (plural mushers)
  1. (chiefly London, slang) Synonym of mush (“a cab driver who is the owner of their cab, and sometimes a small number of other cabs as well”) Tags: London, slang Categories (topical): People Synonyms: mush [synonym, synonym-of]
    Sense id: en-musher-en-noun--s0ciIEB Disambiguation of People: 25 27 46 1 Categories (other): London English, English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, English terms suffixed with -er Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 13 33 33 20 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 15 31 31 22 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 16 31 29 24
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun

IPA: /ˈmʌʃə/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈmʌʃəɹ/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-musher.wav Forms: mushers [plural]
Rhymes: -ʌʃə(ɹ) Etymology: Clipping of musher(oom) or musher(oon), variants of mushroom. Etymology templates: {{clipping|en|musheroom|alt=musher(oom)}} Clipping of musher(oom), {{sup|1}} ¹ Head templates: {{en-noun}} musher (plural mushers)
  1. (England, dialectal (chiefly Hampshire)) A mushroom. Tags: England Categories (lifeform): Mushrooms
    Sense id: en-musher-en-noun-IBtelp54 Disambiguation of Mushrooms: 14 19 23 43 Categories (other): English English, English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 13 33 33 20 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 15 31 31 22 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 16 31 29 24
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "dog musher"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*merǵ-"
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    {
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "mush",
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        "id1": "to drive dogs",
        "id2": "agent noun",
        "pos2": "suffix forming agent nouns",
        "t1": "to drive dogs, usually pulling a sled, across snow"
      },
      "expansion": "mush (“to drive dogs, usually pulling a sled, across snow”) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns)",
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    },
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        "1": "3"
      },
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      "name": "sup"
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        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "marche"
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      "expansion": "French marche",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "second-person"
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      "expansion": "second-person",
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        "1": "3"
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        "1": "2"
      },
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      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*markōną",
        "t": "to mark; to notice"
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      "name": "der"
    },
    {
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      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *merǵ- (“(noun) border, boundary, edge; (verb) to divide”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From mush (“to drive dogs, usually pulling a sled, across snow”) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns). Mush is probably derived from French marche or marchons, respectively the second-person singular and first-person plural imperative forms of marcher (“to move; to travel; to walk”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *markōną (“to mark; to notice”) and Proto-Indo-European *merǵ- (“(noun) border, boundary, edge; (verb) to divide”).",
  "forms": [
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      "form": "mushers",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
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  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "musher (plural mushers)",
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "chiefly",
        "3": "Alaska",
        "4": "Canada"
      },
      "expansion": "(chiefly Alaska, Canada)",
      "name": "term-label"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "mush‧er"
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  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
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        {
          "_dis": "13 33 33 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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          "_dis": "15 31 31 22",
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          "_dis": "16 31 29 24",
          "kind": "other",
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      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1903 July, Jack London, “Who Has Won to Mastership”, in The Call of the Wild, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., →OCLC, pages 109–110:",
          "text": "It was a record run. Each day for fourteen days they had averaged forty miles. For three days Perrault and François threw chests up and down the main street of Skaguay and were deluged with invitations to drink, while the team was the constant centre of a worshipful crowd of dog-busters and mushers.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2014, Tricia Brown, “Champions and Record Breakers”, in Iditarod, Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Publishing, →ISBN, page 109:",
          "text": "The youngest musher to enter was Dallas Seavey, who ran in the 2005 Junior Iditarod at age 17, then turned 18 one day before the Iditarod and ran that race in the same year. […] Dallas Seavey was also the youngest musher to win, taking the 2012 championship at age 25.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2020 September 23, Blair Braverman, “What my sled dogs taught me about planning for the unknown”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-01-04:",
          "text": "A sled dog learns that by the time she's hungry, her musher has already prepared a meal; by the time she's tired, she has a warm bed.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One who drives a dogsled over ice and snow; specifically, one who participates in a dogsled race."
      ],
      "id": "en-musher-en-noun-en:dog_musher",
      "links": [
        [
          "drives",
          "drive#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "dogsled",
          "dogsled#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "ice",
          "ice#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "snow",
          "snow#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "participates",
          "participate#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "race",
          "race#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:dog musher"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "dog musher"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "one who drives a dogsled over ice and snow; specifically, one who participates in a dogsled race",
          "word": "koiravaljakon ohjastaja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ysr",
          "lang": "Sirenik",
          "roman": "qympylʺygax̌ta",
          "sense": "one who drives a dogsled over ice and snow; specifically, one who participates in a dogsled race",
          "word": "ӄымпылъыгаӽта"
        }
      ]
    },
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
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        },
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          "_dis": "38 62",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Sirenik translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One who travels over snow, chiefly by dogsled but also by foot."
      ],
      "id": "en-musher-en-noun-ausKSuKO",
      "links": [
        [
          "travels",
          "travel#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "by foot",
          "by foot"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "30 70",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "one who travels over snow",
          "word": "lumessa kulkija"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
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      "ipa": "/ˈmʌʃə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-musher.wav",
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      "ipa": "/ˈmʌʃəɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʌʃə(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "musher"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
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  "lang_code": "en",
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          "_dis": "25 27 46 1",
          "kind": "topical",
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            "Fundamental"
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "english": "The Forger",
          "ref": "1927, Edgar Wallace, chapter XXXIV, in The Clever One [The Forger], 1st American edition, Garden City, N.Y.: The Crime Club, Doubleday, Doran & Company, published 1928, →OCLC, page 287:",
          "text": "Nobody knew Old Joe. He was a \"musher\"—that is to say, he owned his own cab and mostly did night work. He gave no trouble to anybody, and came and went as a rule in the dark hours of the night.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of mush (“a cab driver who is the owner of their cab, and sometimes a small number of other cabs as well”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-musher-en-noun--s0ciIEB",
      "links": [
        [
          "mush",
          "mush#English:_cab_driver"
        ],
        [
          "cab driver",
          "cabdriver"
        ],
        [
          "owner",
          "owner"
        ],
        [
          "cab",
          "cab#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "small",
          "small#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "number",
          "number#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chiefly London, slang) Synonym of mush (“a cab driver who is the owner of their cab, and sometimes a small number of other cabs as well”)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "a cab driver who is the owner of their cab, and sometimes a small number of other cabs as well",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "mush"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "London",
        "slang"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmʌʃə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-musher.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-musher.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-musher.wav.mp3",
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    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmʌʃəɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʌʃə(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "musher"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
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    },
    {
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        "1": "1"
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  "lang_code": "en",
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          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 31 29 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 19 23 43",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Mushrooms",
          "orig": "en:Mushrooms",
          "parents": [
            "Fungi",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A mushroom."
      ],
      "id": "en-musher-en-noun-IBtelp54",
      "links": [
        [
          "Hampshire",
          "Hampshire"
        ],
        [
          "mushroom",
          "mushroom#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "dialectal (chiefly Hampshire)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(England, dialectal (chiefly Hampshire)) A mushroom."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "England"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmʌʃə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-musher.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-musher.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-musher.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-musher.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-musher.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmʌʃəɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʌʃə(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "musher"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Alaska English",
    "Canadian English",
    "English clippings",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *merǵ-",
    "English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ʌʃə(ɹ)",
    "Rhymes:English/ʌʃə(ɹ)/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with Sirenik translations",
    "en:Mushrooms",
    "en:People"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "dog musher"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*merǵ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "agent noun"
      },
      "expansion": "agent noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "mush",
        "3": "-er",
        "id1": "to drive dogs",
        "id2": "agent noun",
        "pos2": "suffix forming agent nouns",
        "t1": "to drive dogs, usually pulling a sled, across snow"
      },
      "expansion": "mush (“to drive dogs, usually pulling a sled, across snow”) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns)",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "³",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "marche"
      },
      "expansion": "French marche",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "second-person"
      },
      "expansion": "second-person",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "singular"
      },
      "expansion": "singular",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "first-person"
      },
      "expansion": "first-person",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "plural"
      },
      "expansion": "plural",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "imperative"
      },
      "expansion": "imperative",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "³",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*markōną",
        "t": "to mark; to notice"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *markōną (“to mark; to notice”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*merǵ-",
        "t": "(noun) border, boundary, edge; (verb) to divide"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *merǵ- (“(noun) border, boundary, edge; (verb) to divide”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From mush (“to drive dogs, usually pulling a sled, across snow”) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns). Mush is probably derived from French marche or marchons, respectively the second-person singular and first-person plural imperative forms of marcher (“to move; to travel; to walk”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *markōną (“to mark; to notice”) and Proto-Indo-European *merǵ- (“(noun) border, boundary, edge; (verb) to divide”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mushers",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "musher (plural mushers)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "chiefly",
        "3": "Alaska",
        "4": "Canada"
      },
      "expansion": "(chiefly Alaska, Canada)",
      "name": "term-label"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "mush‧er"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1903 July, Jack London, “Who Has Won to Mastership”, in The Call of the Wild, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., →OCLC, pages 109–110:",
          "text": "It was a record run. Each day for fourteen days they had averaged forty miles. For three days Perrault and François threw chests up and down the main street of Skaguay and were deluged with invitations to drink, while the team was the constant centre of a worshipful crowd of dog-busters and mushers.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2014, Tricia Brown, “Champions and Record Breakers”, in Iditarod, Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Publishing, →ISBN, page 109:",
          "text": "The youngest musher to enter was Dallas Seavey, who ran in the 2005 Junior Iditarod at age 17, then turned 18 one day before the Iditarod and ran that race in the same year. […] Dallas Seavey was also the youngest musher to win, taking the 2012 championship at age 25.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2020 September 23, Blair Braverman, “What my sled dogs taught me about planning for the unknown”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-01-04:",
          "text": "A sled dog learns that by the time she's hungry, her musher has already prepared a meal; by the time she's tired, she has a warm bed.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One who drives a dogsled over ice and snow; specifically, one who participates in a dogsled race."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "drives",
          "drive#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "dogsled",
          "dogsled#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "ice",
          "ice#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "snow",
          "snow#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "participates",
          "participate#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "race",
          "race#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:dog musher"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "dog musher"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "One who travels over snow, chiefly by dogsled but also by foot."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "travels",
          "travel#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "by foot",
          "by foot"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmʌʃə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-musher.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-musher.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-musher.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-musher.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-musher.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmʌʃəɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʌʃə(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "one who drives a dogsled over ice and snow; specifically, one who participates in a dogsled race",
      "word": "koiravaljakon ohjastaja"
    },
    {
      "code": "ysr",
      "lang": "Sirenik",
      "roman": "qympylʺygax̌ta",
      "sense": "one who drives a dogsled over ice and snow; specifically, one who participates in a dogsled race",
      "word": "ӄымпылъыгаӽта"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "one who travels over snow",
      "word": "lumessa kulkija"
    }
  ],
  "word": "musher"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English clippings",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms suffixed with -er",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ʌʃə(ɹ)",
    "Rhymes:English/ʌʃə(ɹ)/2 syllables",
    "en:Mushrooms",
    "en:People"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "agent noun"
      },
      "expansion": "agent noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "mush",
        "3": "-er",
        "pos2": "suffix forming agent nouns",
        "t1": "cab driver who is the owner of their cab, and sometimes a small number of other cabs as well"
      },
      "expansion": "mush (“cab driver who is the owner of their cab, and sometimes a small number of other cabs as well”) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns)",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "clipping"
      },
      "expansion": "clipping",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "4"
      },
      "expansion": "⁴",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "³",
      "name": "sup"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Origin uncertain, possibly from mush (“cab driver who is the owner of their cab, and sometimes a small number of other cabs as well”) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns), although the word is attested slightly earlier than mush. Mush is possibly derived from mush (“to drive dogs, usually pulling a sled, across snow”, verb) (see etymology 1), or mush (“(slang, rare) umbrella”, noun) (a clipping of mushroom, from the similar appearance; referring to drivers shielding passengers with umbrellas in rainy weather).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mushers",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "musher (plural mushers)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "mush‧er"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English slang",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "London English"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The Forger",
          "ref": "1927, Edgar Wallace, chapter XXXIV, in The Clever One [The Forger], 1st American edition, Garden City, N.Y.: The Crime Club, Doubleday, Doran & Company, published 1928, →OCLC, page 287:",
          "text": "Nobody knew Old Joe. He was a \"musher\"—that is to say, he owned his own cab and mostly did night work. He gave no trouble to anybody, and came and went as a rule in the dark hours of the night.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of mush (“a cab driver who is the owner of their cab, and sometimes a small number of other cabs as well”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mush",
          "mush#English:_cab_driver"
        ],
        [
          "cab driver",
          "cabdriver"
        ],
        [
          "owner",
          "owner"
        ],
        [
          "cab",
          "cab#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "small",
          "small#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "number",
          "number#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chiefly London, slang) Synonym of mush (“a cab driver who is the owner of their cab, and sometimes a small number of other cabs as well”)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "a cab driver who is the owner of their cab, and sometimes a small number of other cabs as well",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "mush"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "London",
        "slang"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmʌʃə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-musher.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-musher.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-musher.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-musher.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-musher.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmʌʃəɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʌʃə(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "musher"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English clippings",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ʌʃə(ɹ)",
    "Rhymes:English/ʌʃə(ɹ)/2 syllables",
    "en:Mushrooms",
    "en:People"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "musheroom",
        "alt": "musher(oom)"
      },
      "expansion": "Clipping of musher(oom)",
      "name": "clipping"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "¹",
      "name": "sup"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Clipping of musher(oom) or musher(oon), variants of mushroom.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mushers",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "musher (plural mushers)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "mush‧er"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English English",
        "English dialectal terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A mushroom."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Hampshire",
          "Hampshire"
        ],
        [
          "mushroom",
          "mushroom#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "dialectal (chiefly Hampshire)",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(England, dialectal (chiefly Hampshire)) A mushroom."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "England"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmʌʃə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-musher.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-musher.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-musher.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-musher.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-musher.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmʌʃəɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʌʃə(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "musher"
}

Download raw JSONL data for musher meaning in English (11.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (f074e77 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.