See kaomoji in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"etymology_text": "From Japanese 顔(かお)文(も)字(じ) (kaomoji), from 顔(かお) (kao, “face”) + 文(も)字(じ) (moji, “letter, character”).",
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"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: emoji"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Misa Matsuda, “Japanese mobile youth in the 2000s”, in Stephanie Hemelryk Donald, Theresa Dirndorfer Anderson, Damien Spry, editors, Youth, Society and Mobile Media in Asia, Routledge, →ISBN, page 35:",
"text": "While kaomoji and emoji express contexts or moods that cannot be conveyed through textual information alone, they are also used to compensate for the lack of personalization in electronic text that otherwise exists in hand-written form.",
"type": "quote"
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{
"ref": "2011, Francisco Yus, Cyberpragmatics: Internet-mediated Communication in Context, John Benjamins, published 2011, →ISBN, page 170:",
"text": "For example, the typical emoticon for smile, :-), is the kaomoji ^--^.",
"type": "quote"
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{
"ref": "2013, Hyisung C. Hwang, David Matsumoto, “Nonverbal Behaviours and Cross-Cultural Communication in the New Era”, in Farzad Sharifian, Maryam Jamarani, editors, Language and Intercultural Communication in the New Era, Routledge, →ISBN, page 130:",
"text": "Katsuno and Yano (2002) insisted that the development of kaomoji (emoticon in Japanese) online has important connections with Japanese popular culture.",
"type": "quote"
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{
"ref": "2017, Carmen Lee, “Linguistic diversity and language choice online”, in Multilingualism Online, London, New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN, page 31:",
"text": "According to Nishimura, kaomojis are so frequently used in Japan that they have been “codified” in dictionaries.",
"type": "quote"
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{
"ref": "2018, Xuanyi Chew, “Basic Facial Detection”, in Go Machine Learning Projects: Eight Projects Demonstrating End-to-End Machine Learning and Predictive Analytics Applications in Go, Packt Publishing, →ISBN, page 276:",
"text": "Going back to the kaomojis, note that, even in their highly abstract form, they are capable of displaying emotions. In order of display, the kaomojis show happiness, indifference, love, dissatisfaction, and anger.",
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"ref": "2019, Leo Palladino, Martin Green, Karen Roemuss, “Communication and working effectively in the industry”, in Professional Hairdressing and Barbering, Australian and New Zealand 2nd edition, Cengage Learning, →ISBN, page 170:",
"text": "Kaomojis are not used much in Western culture, but they are like emoticons except they can be read front-on and are from a fuller set of keyboard characters.",
"type": "quote"
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"glosses": [
"A text-based Japanese emoticon, distinct from a Western emoticon in that it is not rotated sideways, and often includes a larger variety of characters (originally from Shift JIS, now including Unicode)."
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"id": "en-kaomoji-en-noun-b~mUJanz",
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"word": "kaomoji"
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"ref": "2010, Misa Matsuda, “Japanese mobile youth in the 2000s”, in Stephanie Hemelryk Donald, Theresa Dirndorfer Anderson, Damien Spry, editors, Youth, Society and Mobile Media in Asia, Routledge, →ISBN, page 35:",
"text": "While kaomoji and emoji express contexts or moods that cannot be conveyed through textual information alone, they are also used to compensate for the lack of personalization in electronic text that otherwise exists in hand-written form.",
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{
"ref": "2011, Francisco Yus, Cyberpragmatics: Internet-mediated Communication in Context, John Benjamins, published 2011, →ISBN, page 170:",
"text": "For example, the typical emoticon for smile, :-), is the kaomoji ^--^.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Hyisung C. Hwang, David Matsumoto, “Nonverbal Behaviours and Cross-Cultural Communication in the New Era”, in Farzad Sharifian, Maryam Jamarani, editors, Language and Intercultural Communication in the New Era, Routledge, →ISBN, page 130:",
"text": "Katsuno and Yano (2002) insisted that the development of kaomoji (emoticon in Japanese) online has important connections with Japanese popular culture.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017, Carmen Lee, “Linguistic diversity and language choice online”, in Multilingualism Online, London, New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN, page 31:",
"text": "According to Nishimura, kaomojis are so frequently used in Japan that they have been “codified” in dictionaries.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Xuanyi Chew, “Basic Facial Detection”, in Go Machine Learning Projects: Eight Projects Demonstrating End-to-End Machine Learning and Predictive Analytics Applications in Go, Packt Publishing, →ISBN, page 276:",
"text": "Going back to the kaomojis, note that, even in their highly abstract form, they are capable of displaying emotions. In order of display, the kaomojis show happiness, indifference, love, dissatisfaction, and anger.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Leo Palladino, Martin Green, Karen Roemuss, “Communication and working effectively in the industry”, in Professional Hairdressing and Barbering, Australian and New Zealand 2nd edition, Cengage Learning, →ISBN, page 170:",
"text": "Kaomojis are not used much in Western culture, but they are like emoticons except they can be read front-on and are from a fuller set of keyboard characters.",
"type": "quote"
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"A text-based Japanese emoticon, distinct from a Western emoticon in that it is not rotated sideways, and often includes a larger variety of characters (originally from Shift JIS, now including Unicode)."
],
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"word": "kaomoji"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kaomoji meaning in English (4.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.