See hutong in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSONL data for hutong meaning in English (9.9kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "衚衕"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin 衚衕／胡同 (hútòng)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mn",
"3": "гудам"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian гудам (gudam)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xng",
"3": "ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮ",
"t": "corridor, passage, passageway"
},
"expansion": "Middle Mongol ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮ (ɣudum, “corridor, passage, passageway”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mn",
"3": "худаг"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian худаг (xudag)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 衚衕／胡同 (hútòng), 胡同 (hútòng, “narrow street”), probably:\n* from Mongolian гудам (gudam), from Middle Mongol ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮ (ɣudum, “corridor, passage, passageway”); or\n* from Mongolian худаг (xudag), ᠬᠤᠳᠳᠤᠭ (quddug, “water well”) (from the prevalence of wells where people lived).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hutongs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hutong",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "+",
"2": "hutong"
},
"expansion": "hutong (plural hutongs or hutong)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"hu‧tong"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cantonese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Jin terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Jin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "China",
"orig": "en:China",
"parents": [
"Asia",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Roads",
"orig": "en:Roads",
"parents": [
"Road transport",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1999, Wu Liangyong, “Traditional Courtyard Houses and a New Prototype”, in Rehabilitating the Old City of Beijing: A Project in the Ju’er Hutong Neighbourhood (Urbanization in Asia; 3), Vancouver, B.C.: UBC Press, →ISSN, page 74",
"text": "The fish-bone-like transportation network is also present, especially in large neighbourhoods, where a series of major hutong (usually running east-west) are either joined by smaller transverse hutong or lead to even smaller dead-end hutong that occasionally run between housing plots.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Colin Thubron, “The Capital”, in Shadow of the Silk Road, London: Chatto & Windus, page 11",
"text": "'I spent my childhood in those old hutong courtyards. Relationships were warmer then.' His mouth puckered, as if hunting a lost taste.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007 October 16, Brice J. Bay, “Thanks, but I’ll have the bat on a stick instead”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-11-03",
"text": "In Beijing, near the Forbidden City, a winding maze of hutongs, or narrow alleyways, is home to one of the world’s most exotic markets.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2009 January 19, Andrew Jacobs, “Finding treasures in a city’s disappearing past”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-01-25",
"text": "Today, just 1,300 hutong remain, and many more neighborhoods, like the colorful Qianmen district just south of Tiananmen Square, are scheduled for renewal.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Madeleine O’Dea, “Beijing 1986”, in The Phoenix Years: Art, Resistance and the Making of Modern China, Crows Nest, N.S.W.: Allen & Unwin",
"text": "He led me along a dog-legging route through the fifteenth-century alleyways that were the lacework holding old Beijing together. Hutongs, as they were called, defined China's old capital, their grey stone walls pierced at intervals by weathered wooden doors that opened onto four-sided courtyard houses.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a city in China, especially Beijing."
],
"id": "en-hutong-en-noun-I33H49z1",
"links": [
[
"narrow",
"narrow#Adjective"
],
[
"alley",
"alley"
],
[
"street",
"street"
],
[
"traditional",
"traditional#Adjective"
],
[
"residential",
"residential#Adjective"
],
[
"district",
"district"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"China",
"China"
],
[
"Beijing",
"Beijing"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "hutung"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "衚衕"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"english": "wu⁴ tung⁴",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "胡同"
},
{
"code": "cjy",
"lang": "Jin Chinese",
"roman": "heh⁴ lon²",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "黑浪"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "衚衕"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hútòng",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "胡同"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "衚衕兒"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"note": "erhua form",
"roman": "hútòngr",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "胡同儿"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xiàng",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "巷"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "chu-tchung"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hutong"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Hutong"
},
{
"alt": "こどう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kodō",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "胡同"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "fūton",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "フートン"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hutung",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "후퉁"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "hutongai"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "hutunai"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xutún",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хуту́н"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "xutun",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хутун"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "hồ đồng"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Chinese History: A New Manual",
"Harvard University Press"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhuːtɒŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-tʊŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhuˈtɑŋ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-tʊŋ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-hutong.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hutong.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hutong.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hutong.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hutong.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "hutong"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "衚衕"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin 衚衕／胡同 (hútòng)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mn",
"3": "гудам"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian гудам (gudam)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xng",
"3": "ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮ",
"t": "corridor, passage, passageway"
},
"expansion": "Middle Mongol ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮ (ɣudum, “corridor, passage, passageway”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mn",
"3": "худаг"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian худаг (xudag)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 衚衕／胡同 (hútòng), 胡同 (hútòng, “narrow street”), probably:\n* from Mongolian гудам (gudam), from Middle Mongol ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮ (ɣudum, “corridor, passage, passageway”); or\n* from Mongolian худаг (xudag), ᠬᠤᠳᠳᠤᠭ (quddug, “water well”) (from the prevalence of wells where people lived).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hutongs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hutong",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "+",
"2": "hutong"
},
"expansion": "hutong (plural hutongs or hutong)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"hu‧tong"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese terms with redundant transliterations",
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English indeclinable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Mandarin",
"English terms derived from Mandarin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with quotations",
"Jin terms with redundant transliterations",
"Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Jin translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:China",
"en:Roads"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1999, Wu Liangyong, “Traditional Courtyard Houses and a New Prototype”, in Rehabilitating the Old City of Beijing: A Project in the Ju’er Hutong Neighbourhood (Urbanization in Asia; 3), Vancouver, B.C.: UBC Press, →ISSN, page 74",
"text": "The fish-bone-like transportation network is also present, especially in large neighbourhoods, where a series of major hutong (usually running east-west) are either joined by smaller transverse hutong or lead to even smaller dead-end hutong that occasionally run between housing plots.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Colin Thubron, “The Capital”, in Shadow of the Silk Road, London: Chatto & Windus, page 11",
"text": "'I spent my childhood in those old hutong courtyards. Relationships were warmer then.' His mouth puckered, as if hunting a lost taste.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007 October 16, Brice J. Bay, “Thanks, but I’ll have the bat on a stick instead”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-11-03",
"text": "In Beijing, near the Forbidden City, a winding maze of hutongs, or narrow alleyways, is home to one of the world’s most exotic markets.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2009 January 19, Andrew Jacobs, “Finding treasures in a city’s disappearing past”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-01-25",
"text": "Today, just 1,300 hutong remain, and many more neighborhoods, like the colorful Qianmen district just south of Tiananmen Square, are scheduled for renewal.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Madeleine O’Dea, “Beijing 1986”, in The Phoenix Years: Art, Resistance and the Making of Modern China, Crows Nest, N.S.W.: Allen & Unwin",
"text": "He led me along a dog-legging route through the fifteenth-century alleyways that were the lacework holding old Beijing together. Hutongs, as they were called, defined China's old capital, their grey stone walls pierced at intervals by weathered wooden doors that opened onto four-sided courtyard houses.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a city in China, especially Beijing."
],
"links": [
[
"narrow",
"narrow#Adjective"
],
[
"alley",
"alley"
],
[
"street",
"street"
],
[
"traditional",
"traditional#Adjective"
],
[
"residential",
"residential#Adjective"
],
[
"district",
"district"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"China",
"China"
],
[
"Beijing",
"Beijing"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"Chinese History: A New Manual",
"Harvard University Press"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhuːtɒŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-tʊŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhuˈtɑŋ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-tʊŋ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-hutong.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hutong.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hutong.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hutong.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hutong.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "hutung"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "衚衕"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"english": "wu⁴ tung⁴",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "胡同"
},
{
"code": "cjy",
"lang": "Jin Chinese",
"roman": "heh⁴ lon²",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "黑浪"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "衚衕"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hútòng",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "胡同"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "衚衕兒"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"note": "erhua form",
"roman": "hútòngr",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "胡同儿"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xiàng",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "巷"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "chu-tchung"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hutong"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Hutong"
},
{
"alt": "こどう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kodō",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "胡同"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "fūton",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "フートン"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hutung",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "후퉁"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "hutongai"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "hutunai"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xutún",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хуту́н"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "xutun",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хутун"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "narrow alley or street in a traditional residential district of a Chinese city",
"word": "hồ đồng"
}
],
"word": "hutong"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (d4b8e84 and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.