See frow in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "vrouwe",
"4": "",
"5": "lady"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch vrouwe (“lady”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*frōwa"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *frōwa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*frauwjā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *frauwjā",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*frawjǭ",
"4": "",
"5": "lady, mistress"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *frawjǭ (“lady, mistress”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*prōw-",
"4": "",
"5": "right; judge, master"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *prōw- (“right; judge, master”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vrouw",
"3": "",
"4": "woman, wife, lady, mistress"
},
"expansion": "Dutch vrouw (“woman, wife, lady, mistress”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "frouw"
},
"expansion": "Low German frouw",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Frau",
"3": "",
"4": "woman, wife, lady"
},
"expansion": "German Frau (“woman, wife, lady”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "fru"
},
"expansion": "Swedish fru",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "freyja",
"3": "",
"4": "lady, mistress",
"pos": "in compounds"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic freyja (“lady, mistress”, in compounds)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "frōwe",
"3": "",
"4": "woman"
},
"expansion": "Old English frōwe (“woman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "frēa",
"3": "",
"4": "lord, master, husband"
},
"expansion": "Old English frēa (“lord, master, husband”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frau",
"3": "vrou",
"4": "vrouw"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of frau, vrou, and vrouw",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch vrouwe (“lady”), from Old Dutch *frōwa, from Proto-West Germanic *frauwjā, from Proto-Germanic *frawjǭ (“lady, mistress”), from Proto-Indo-European *prōw- (“right; judge, master”).\nCognate with Dutch vrouw (“woman, wife, lady, mistress”), Low German frouw, frauw (“woman, wife, lady”), German Frau (“woman, wife, lady”), Swedish fru, Icelandic freyja (“lady, mistress”, in compounds), Old English frōwe (“woman”), Old English frēa (“lord, master, husband”). Doublet of frau, vrou, and vrouw.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "frows",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "frow (plural frows)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1622, John Fletcher, Philip Massinger [et al.?], “Beggars Bush”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):",
"text": "Mrs. Frances, a Frow, Daughter to Vanlock",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1846, Captain Butler, A Glimpse of the Frontier, and a Gallop through the Cape Colony, W. Harrison Ainsworth (editor), The New Monthly Magazine and Humorist, 1846, Part 2, page 466,\n[…] on our way we stopped at several houses, our companions having numerous acquaintances among the young frows, to flirt with after their ungainly fashion. Cape Dutch is not the language for love."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A woman; a wife, especially a Dutch or German one."
],
"id": "en-frow-en-noun-14eyV4vt",
"links": [
[
"woman",
"woman"
],
[
"wife",
"wife"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A slovenly woman; a wench; a lusty woman."
],
"id": "en-frow-en-noun-d-dv3XjZ",
"links": [
[
"wench",
"wench"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A slovenly woman; a wench; a lusty woman."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A big, fat woman; a slovenly, coarse, or untidy woman; a woman of low character."
],
"id": "en-frow-en-noun-bjUHvhE3",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A big, fat woman; a slovenly, coarse, or untidy woman; a woman of low character."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɹaʊ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-frow.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/19/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-frow.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-frow.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ"
}
],
"word": "frow"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "frows",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "frow (plural frows)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "cleaving tool",
"word": "froe"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 12 11 8 47",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "en:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of froe (“cleaving tool”)"
],
"id": "en-frow-en-noun-XZqDWkQf",
"links": [
[
"froe",
"froe#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɹəʊ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/fɹoʊ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-frow2.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-frow2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-frow2.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-frow2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-frow2.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oʊ"
}
],
"word": "frow"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "frow"
},
"expansion": "Middle English frow",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "frooch"
},
"expansion": "Scots frooch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "vro"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch vro",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "vrô"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German vrô",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "froh"
},
"expansion": "German froh",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English frow, frough, frogh, frouh, frouȝ (“brittle; tender; fickle; slack; loose”), cognate with Scots frooch, freuch (“dry and brittle”). Of obscure origin. Perhaps also related to Middle Dutch vro, vroo, Middle Low German vrô, German froh.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more frow",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most frow",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "frow (comparative more frow, superlative most frow)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "65 3 4 10 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 7 6 9 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "70 6 5 7 8 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "76 5 4 5 6 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 0 27 0 31",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "frowish"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1664, J[ohn] E[velyn], Sylva, or A Discourse of Forest-trees and the Propagation of Timber in His Majesties Dominions. […], London: […] Jo[hn] Martyn, and Ja[mes] Allestry, printers to the Royal Society, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "that which grows in gravel is subject to be frow, as they term it , and brittle",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Brittle; tender; crisp"
],
"id": "en-frow-en-adj--GMdny0Z",
"links": [
[
"Brittle",
"brittle"
],
[
"tender",
"tender"
],
[
"crisp",
"crisp"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now chiefly dialectal) Brittle; tender; crisp"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"word": "frow"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Dutch",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/aʊ",
"Rhymes:English/aʊ/1 syllable",
"en:People",
"en:Tools"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "vrouwe",
"4": "",
"5": "lady"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch vrouwe (“lady”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*frōwa"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *frōwa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*frauwjā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *frauwjā",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*frawjǭ",
"4": "",
"5": "lady, mistress"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *frawjǭ (“lady, mistress”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*prōw-",
"4": "",
"5": "right; judge, master"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *prōw- (“right; judge, master”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vrouw",
"3": "",
"4": "woman, wife, lady, mistress"
},
"expansion": "Dutch vrouw (“woman, wife, lady, mistress”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "frouw"
},
"expansion": "Low German frouw",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Frau",
"3": "",
"4": "woman, wife, lady"
},
"expansion": "German Frau (“woman, wife, lady”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "fru"
},
"expansion": "Swedish fru",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "freyja",
"3": "",
"4": "lady, mistress",
"pos": "in compounds"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic freyja (“lady, mistress”, in compounds)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "frōwe",
"3": "",
"4": "woman"
},
"expansion": "Old English frōwe (“woman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "frēa",
"3": "",
"4": "lord, master, husband"
},
"expansion": "Old English frēa (“lord, master, husband”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frau",
"3": "vrou",
"4": "vrouw"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of frau, vrou, and vrouw",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch vrouwe (“lady”), from Old Dutch *frōwa, from Proto-West Germanic *frauwjā, from Proto-Germanic *frawjǭ (“lady, mistress”), from Proto-Indo-European *prōw- (“right; judge, master”).\nCognate with Dutch vrouw (“woman, wife, lady, mistress”), Low German frouw, frauw (“woman, wife, lady”), German Frau (“woman, wife, lady”), Swedish fru, Icelandic freyja (“lady, mistress”, in compounds), Old English frōwe (“woman”), Old English frēa (“lord, master, husband”). Doublet of frau, vrou, and vrouw.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "frows",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "frow (plural frows)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1622, John Fletcher, Philip Massinger [et al.?], “Beggars Bush”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):",
"text": "Mrs. Frances, a Frow, Daughter to Vanlock",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1846, Captain Butler, A Glimpse of the Frontier, and a Gallop through the Cape Colony, W. Harrison Ainsworth (editor), The New Monthly Magazine and Humorist, 1846, Part 2, page 466,\n[…] on our way we stopped at several houses, our companions having numerous acquaintances among the young frows, to flirt with after their ungainly fashion. Cape Dutch is not the language for love."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A woman; a wife, especially a Dutch or German one."
],
"links": [
[
"woman",
"woman"
],
[
"wife",
"wife"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A slovenly woman; a wench; a lusty woman."
],
"links": [
[
"wench",
"wench"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A slovenly woman; a wench; a lusty woman."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A big, fat woman; a slovenly, coarse, or untidy woman; a woman of low character."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A big, fat woman; a slovenly, coarse, or untidy woman; a woman of low character."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɹaʊ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-frow.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/19/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-frow.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-frow.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/19/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-frow.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-frow.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ"
}
],
"word": "frow"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/oʊ",
"Rhymes:English/oʊ/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/əʊ",
"Rhymes:English/əʊ/1 syllable",
"en:People",
"en:Tools"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "frows",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "frow (plural frows)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "cleaving tool",
"word": "froe"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of froe (“cleaving tool”)"
],
"links": [
[
"froe",
"froe#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɹəʊ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/fɹoʊ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-frow2.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-frow2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-frow2.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-frow2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-frow2.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oʊ"
}
],
"word": "frow"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"en:People",
"en:Tools"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "frowish"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "frow"
},
"expansion": "Middle English frow",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "frooch"
},
"expansion": "Scots frooch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "vro"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch vro",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "vrô"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German vrô",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "froh"
},
"expansion": "German froh",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English frow, frough, frogh, frouh, frouȝ (“brittle; tender; fickle; slack; loose”), cognate with Scots frooch, freuch (“dry and brittle”). Of obscure origin. Perhaps also related to Middle Dutch vro, vroo, Middle Low German vrô, German froh.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more frow",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most frow",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "frow (comparative more frow, superlative most frow)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1664, J[ohn] E[velyn], Sylva, or A Discourse of Forest-trees and the Propagation of Timber in His Majesties Dominions. […], London: […] Jo[hn] Martyn, and Ja[mes] Allestry, printers to the Royal Society, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "that which grows in gravel is subject to be frow, as they term it , and brittle",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Brittle; tender; crisp"
],
"links": [
[
"Brittle",
"brittle"
],
[
"tender",
"tender"
],
[
"crisp",
"crisp"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now chiefly dialectal) Brittle; tender; crisp"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"word": "frow"
}
Download raw JSONL data for frow meaning in English (8.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.