"extremal" meaning in English

See extremal in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

Etymology: Etymology tree English extreme Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālisbor. Old French -albor. ▲ Latin -ālis Old French -elbor. ▲ Latin -ālisbor. Middle English -al English -al English extremal From extreme + -al. Etymology templates: {{ety|en|:af|extreme|-al|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree English extreme Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālisbor. Old French -albor. ▲ Latin -ālis Old French -elbor. ▲ Latin -ālisbor. Middle English -al English -al English extremal [Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "forming adjectives", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "is_uncertain" : true, "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "grow", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₂el-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-ālis", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ālis", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "-al", "lang" : "fro" }, { "id" : "adjective", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "is_duplicate" : true, "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "children" : [ ], "status" : { "1" : "la", "2" : ":inh", "3" : "itc-pro:*-ālis", "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "title" : "-ālis", "pos" : "suffix" }, "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ālis", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "-el", "lang" : "fro" }, { "is_duplicate" : true, "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "children" : [ ], "status" : { "1" : "la", "2" : ":inh", "3" : "itc-pro:*-ālis", "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "title" : "-ālis", "pos" : "suffix" }, "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ālis", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "-al", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-al", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "extremal", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="extremal"> From extreme + -al. Head templates: {{en-adj|-}} extremal (not comparable)
  1. (mathematics) Relating to extrema (maximal or minimal). Tags: not-comparable Derived forms: extremal black hole, extremal clause (english: in a w:en:Recursive definition; recursive definition), extremality, extremally, multiextremal, near-extremal, nonextremal, subextremal, superextremal Translations (Translations): ääriarvo- (Finnish), ääriarvoon liittyvä (Finnish), extremal (German), ekstremalny (Polish), екстрема́льний (ekstremálʹnyj) (Ukrainian)
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Noun

Forms: extremals [plural]
Etymology: Etymology tree English extreme Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālisbor. Old French -albor. ▲ Latin -ālis Old French -elbor. ▲ Latin -ālisbor. Middle English -al English -al English extremal From extreme + -al. Etymology templates: {{ety|en|:af|extreme|-al|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree English extreme Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālisbor. Old French -albor. ▲ Latin -ālis Old French -elbor. ▲ Latin -ālisbor. Middle English -al English -al English extremal [Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "forming adjectives", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "is_uncertain" : true, "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "grow", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₂el-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-ālis", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ālis", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "-al", "lang" : "fro" }, { "id" : "adjective", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "is_duplicate" : true, "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "children" : [ ], "status" : { "1" : "la", "2" : ":inh", "3" : "itc-pro:*-ālis", "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "title" : "-ālis", "pos" : "suffix" }, "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ālis", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "-el", "lang" : "fro" }, { "is_duplicate" : true, "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "children" : [ ], "status" : { "1" : "la", "2" : ":inh", "3" : "itc-pro:*-ālis", "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "title" : "-ālis", "pos" : "suffix" }, "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ālis", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "-al", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-al", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "extremal", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="extremal"> From extreme + -al. Head templates: {{en-noun}} extremal (plural extremals)
  1. (mathematics) Any solution to a variety of equations in the calculus of variations.
    Sense id: en-extremal-en-noun-x9dZ-qEy Categories (other): Mathematics, English terms suffixed with -al Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -al: 54 46 Topics: mathematics, sciences

Inflected forms

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          "word": "extremal clause"
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      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish extreme\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish extremal\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"forming adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-el\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"extremal\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"extremal\">\nFrom extreme + -al.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish extreme\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish extremal\nFrom extreme + -al.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "extremal (not comparable)",
      "name": "en-adj"
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  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Mathematics"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              132,
              140
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2009 January, “Mathematics Calendar”, in Notices of the American Mathematical Society, volume 56, number 1, archived from the original on 25 Jan 2009, page 73:",
          "text": "Tutorials provide an introduction to several major research topics in modern discrete mathematics, including probabilistic methods, extremal problems for graphs and set systems, Ramsey theory, additive number theory, combinatorial geometry, discrete harmonic analysis and more.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Relating to extrema (maximal or minimal)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "extrema",
          "extremum"
        ],
        [
          "maximal",
          "maximal"
        ],
        [
          "minimal",
          "minimal"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mathematics) Relating to extrema (maximal or minimal)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "Translations",
      "word": "ääriarvo-"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "Translations",
      "word": "ääriarvoon liittyvä"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Translations",
      "word": "extremal"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "Translations",
      "word": "ekstremalny"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "lang_code": "uk",
      "roman": "ekstremálʹnyj",
      "sense": "Translations",
      "word": "екстрема́льний"
    }
  ],
  "word": "extremal"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries referencing missing etymons",
    "English entries with etymology texts",
    "English entries with etymology trees",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)",
    "English terms suffixed with -al",
    "English uncomparable adjectives",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Translation table header lacks gloss"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "extreme",
        "4": "-al",
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      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish extreme\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish extremal\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"forming adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-el\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"extremal\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"extremal\">\nFrom extreme + -al.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish extreme\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish extremal\nFrom extreme + -al.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "extremals",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "extremal (plural extremals)",
      "name": "en-noun"
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  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Mathematics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any solution to a variety of equations in the calculus of variations."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
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          "solution"
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          "equation"
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        [
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          "calculus of variations"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mathematics) Any solution to a variety of equations in the calculus of variations."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "extremal"
}

Download raw JSONL data for extremal meaning in English (10.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (ade7ec3 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.